Alaa Riad

Mansura, Computer and Information Science, Faculty Member

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Studies on Pregnancy Serum Cystine Aminopeptidase Activity “Oxytocinase”

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 1962

THE ability of human pregnancy sera to inactivate oxytocin was first discovered by Fekete (1930).... more THE ability of human pregnancy sera to inactivate oxytocin was first discovered by Fekete (1930). The enzymatic nature of the reaction and its properties were demonstrated by Werle and ,co-workers (Werle and Effkemann, 1941 ; Werle, Helvelke and Buthmann, 1941). Subsequently the phenomenon has been investigated by a large number of workers, and attempts have been made to utilize it clinically as a diagnostic test of pregnancy (Page, 1946), and as a method for assessing the gestational age (Page, 1947; Semm, 1955). The enzyme levels in the peripheral circulation have been investigated for a possible drop at the time of delivery which could account for the onset of labour in pregnant women, and also in the various pathological conditions of pregnancy and labour (Page, 1946; Nimiki, 1952; Hilton and Johnson, 1959; Dicker and Tyler, 1956; Dicker and Whyley, 1959). Most of the available data on the subject were obtained by biological methods, assaying the residual oxytocin after incubation with pregnancy plasma (or serum) by means of its oxytocic effect on the isolated rat’s uterus. Recently Mendez-Bauer and associates (1961) carried out an extensive study of the enzyme, assaying the residual oxytocin by its milk ejector effect on the lactating mammary gland of the rabbit. The published findings are, in many instances, contradictory due to the large errors inherent in the biological method of assay, the absence of a universally accepted unit for the enzyme determination, and the difference in the conditions of incubation employed by various workers. Although most workers agree that the oxytocinase levels in serum (or plasma) obtained from patients near to term are greater than the levels in early pregnancy serum, estimates of the extent of this increase vary from a thousand times (Page, 1946) to sixty times (Semm, 1955), five times (Dicker and Whyley, 1959) and ten times (Mendez-Bauer et a/., 1961). Dicker and Tyler (1956) claimed a decline in plasma oxytocinase levels near to term. In a later communication from the very same laboratory Dicker and Whyley (1959) were unable to confirm this finding and came to the conclusion that “the mechanism of inactivation of oxytocin by the plasma of pregnant women is still very incompletely understood”. In 1953 the chemical formula of oxytocin was published independently by Du Vigneaud et al., and Tuppy. Tuppy and Nesvadba (1957) studied the mechanism of oxytocin inactivation by pregnancy sera employing the following elegant technique. When performic acid acts on oxytocin the disulphide bond in the cystine component is oxidized and a single inactive product is recovered. When, however, the oxytocin is inactivated by pregnancy serum before performic acid is added, chromatography reveals that in addition to an open chain polypeptide complex (containing cysteine, aspartic and glutamic acid, glycine, tyrosine, proline, leucine and iso-leucine) a considerable amount of free cysteic acid is recovered. The findings are illustrated by Figure 1. They concluded that pregnancy serum oxytocinase is a cystine aminopeptidase acting on the peptide bond connecting the cystine and tyrosine fractions.

Prognostics As Compared To Linear Regression Model

— Data driven prognostics employs many types of algorithms some are statics and other are dynamic... more — Data driven prognostics employs many types of algorithms some are statics and other are dynamics. Dynamic complex engineering systems such as automobiles, aircraft, and spacecraft require dynamic data modeling which is very efficient to represent time series data. Dynamic models are complex and increase computational demands. In previous work performed by the author, linear regression model is provided to estimate the remaining useful life left of an aircraft turbofan engines and overcome the complexity of using dynamic models. It was simple and efficient but it had some drawbacks and limitations. The same task is resolved again here using multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP NN). Results show that MLP NN as a static network is extensively superior to linear regression model and does not involve the complexity of dynamic models. Phm08 challenge data are used for algorithms training and testing. The final score obtained from MLP NN can be placed in the fifteenth position of th...

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International Journal of Electrical & Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 10 No: 01 1 SEWOS: A FRAMEWORK FOR SEMANTIC WEB OPERATING SYSTEM

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Computer-aided diagnosis system based on a comprehensive local features analysis for early diabetic retinopathy detection using OCTA

Diabetes and Fundus OCT, 2020

Abstract In this chapter, our aim is to generate a computer-aided diagnosis system to detect the ... more Abstract In this chapter, our aim is to generate a computer-aided diagnosis system to detect the early signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The system is based on extracting some features that describe the appearance and shape of the vascular system that can be found in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans. In the beginning, the system segments two different retina plexuses, such as superficial and deep plexuses, to separate the blood vessels from the background tissues. Then, four different features were extracted from the segmented images. Blood vessel density, blood vessel caliber, distance map of the foveal avascular zone, and bifurcation and crossover points were extracted from both OCTA plexuses. Finally, these four features were used for the diagnosis of early signs of DR using two-stage random forest classifier. A total of 133 scans for normal and DR subjects were used to evaluate the performance of our system. Using twofold cross-validation, our system obtains an accuracy of 97%, which is a promising sign for the effectiveness of our proposed system.

Architecting in the Context of Agile Software Development: Fragility Versus Flexibility

International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications, 2013

As the size and complexity of software systems increase, software development process couldn't be... more As the size and complexity of software systems increase, software development process couldn't be bound to just codifying some modules that serve needed functionality and finding the appropriate configuration of these modules. Instead, a growing need emerges to sketch a big picture of the whole system that not only identifies basic parts of functionality, but also harmonizes these parts internally, manages how these parts will provide needed functionality, and paves the way for future adaptation. The answer to this need was software architectures. The agile approach to software development wasn't about introducing a magical solution that will handle all development problems. However, the agile architecting approach is believed to be a source of new problems. Through this paper, we are going to explore agile architecting problems and what is needed to achieve an architecting approach that can be agile, while serving its purpose of producing a stable architecture.

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BS-10-16 A Multi-agent System to Enhance Information Retrieval Results (BS-10. Network Planning, Control, and Management, symposium)

電子情報通信学会ソサイエティ大会 …, 2007

抄録 Agent-based information retrieval (IR) systems have gained great attentions due to the prolife... more

A Multi-Modal Oculography-Based Mouse Controlling System: Via Facial Expressions & Eye Movement

J. Inf. Hiding Multim. Signal Process., 2014

Hand free mouse controlling systems is an effective and essential research area in human computer... more Hand free mouse controlling systems is an effective and essential research area in human computer interaction (HCI), as they can be an ideal communication and interaction means for the physical disabled persons, who don’t have means for communication except their moving eyes. In addition, these types of application provide usability and welfare for the normal users in the computer interaction. This paper presents a fully automatic multi-modal oculography-based mouse controlling system. This is done via integration between the recognized facial expressions with the eye movement and utilizing them in the mouse controlling. This paper presents a powerful multi-detector technique to localize the key facial feature points so that contours of the facial components are sampled such as the eyes, nostrils, chin, and the mouth. Also, the beholder’s gaze is estimated. Based on the 66 extracted facial features points, 20 geometric formulas (GF) and 15 ratios (Rs) are calculated, and the classif...

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Missing Data Treatment Using Interval-valued Fuzzy Rough Sets with SVM

Egypt has the highest prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world. It is important to pres... more Egypt has the highest prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world. It is important to present research in a liver domain based on a real dataset collected from different localities in Egypt and suffering from liver diseases. This paper presents two case studies to explore the most important factors for detecting the liver disease in Egypt. The first considers an HCV treatment. The second evaluates the drinking water pollution by iron on liver functions. We encountered many problems in these studies, such as how to deal with complex, inconsistent, and missing data. In addition, we studied the impact of missing treatment techniques on classification accuracy. Therefore, we propose an Interval-valued Fuzzy Rough with Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification model. In the preparation stage, we use Interval-valued Fuzzy Rough set theory for feature selection that can handle missing values efficiently and get a good reduction. After that, we do the imputation process, which is limited to relevant attributes. It can reap many benefits, such as raise efficiency and saving the time of dealing with missing values. In the classification stage, we use SVM, which is a powerful technique to get good classification performance. Finally, we compare the output results of the SVM with other classification techniques to guarantee the highest classification performance.

Wavelet based image encryption: a Comparative study

Image encryption is the method through which we can protect the transmission and storage of multi... more Image encryption is the method through which we can protect the transmission and storage of multimedia data from eavesdroppers. Encryption can achieve this by scrambling the multimedia data so that they can't be understood. The aim is to make the multimedia data not intelligible to any unauthorized entity who might intercept them. In image encryption we don't concentrate only on perceptual security but also concentrate on doing it with achieving a high cryptographic security. This paper presents a comparative study between two wavelet-based image encryption schemes. The first scheme is based on full encryption wavelet transformed image, and the second one based on partial encryption of wavelet transformed image. Results show that full encryption performs better in term of perceptual security, while partial encryption performs better in term of computational time.

Mapping Different Software Architecture Paradigms to Different Integration Techniques_Highlighting Driving and Restraining Forces for Each Paradigm

Journal of Convergence Information Technology, 2009

Technical agility refers to the ability to quickly change the type and flow of information within... more Technical agility refers to the ability to quickly change the type and flow of information within an enterprise. Technical agility parameters are affected by enterprise architecture. IT advance has not yet satisfied business requirements due to improper software architectures. SOA addresses technical agility requirements by presenting composability, modularity, and loose coupling concepts as services that wrap underlying IT infrastructure, databases, and legacy systems and present them via standard interface. There is a need to stabilize IT infrastructure rather than developing new ones and SOA enables this stabilization. Enterprises should balance IT to become better positioned and more agile. Services are the building Blocks of an agile enterprise. This paper discusses the importance of enterprise architecture in meeting systems' non-functional requirements and examines different software architecture paradigms, driving and restraining forces for each one in meeting systems integration as one of the most desirable requirement. Integration has different techniques, and different software architecture paradigms can address different techniques. This paper presents a proposed mapping of different software architecture paradigms to different integration techniques while highlighting driving forces that encourages software architects to utilize it and restraining forces that discourages architects from utilizing them.

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A Swarm Intelligence Model for Enhancing Health Care Services in Smart Cities Applications

Security in Smart Cities: Models, Applications, and Challenges

Cloud computing plays a significant role in healthcare services (HCS) within smart cities due to ... more Cloud computing plays a significant role in healthcare services (HCS) within smart cities due to its the ability to retrieve patients’ data, collect big data of patients by sensors, diagnosis of diseases and other medicinal fields in less time and less of cost. However, the task scheduling problem to process the medical requests represents a big challenge in smart cities. The task scheduling performs a significant role for the enhancement of the performance through reducing the execution time of requests (tasks) from stakeholders and utilization of medical resources to help stakeholders for saving time and cost in smart cities. In addition, it helps the stakeholders to reduce their waiting time, turnaround time of medical requests on cloud environment, minimize waste of CPU utilization of VMs, and maximize utilization of resources. For that, this paper proposes an intelligent model for HCS in a cloud environment using two different intelligent optimization algorithms, which are Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization (PPSO). In addition, a set of experiments are conducted to provide a competitive study between those two algorithms regarding the execution time, the data processing speed, and the system efficiency. The results showed that PPSO algorithm outperforms on PSO algorithm. In addition, this paper proposes a new PPSO dependent algorithm using CloudSim package to solve task scheduling problem to support healthcare providers in smart cities to reduce execution time of medical requests and maximize utilization of medical resources.

A Machine Learning Model for Predicting of Chronic Kidney Disease Based Internet of Things and Cloud Computing in Smart Cities

Security in Smart Cities: Models, Applications, and Challenges

Cloud computing and internet of things (IOT) plays an important role in health care services espe... more Cloud computing and internet of things (IOT) plays an important role in health care services especially in the prediction of diseases in smart cities. IOT devices (digital sensors and etc.) can be used to send big data onto chronic kidney diseases (CKD) to store it in the cloud computing. Therefore, these big data are used to increase the accuracy of prediction of CKD on cloud environment. The prediction of dangerous diseases such as CKD based cloud-IOT is considered a big problem that facing the stakeholders of health cares in smart cities. This paper focuses on predicting of CKD as an example of health care services on cloud computing environment. Cloud computing is supported patients to predict of CKD anywhere and anytime in smart cities. For that, this paper proposes a hybrid intelligent model for predicting CKD based cloud-IOT by using two intelligent techniques, which are linear regression (LR) and neural network (NN). LR is used to determine critical factors that influence on CKD. NN is used to predict of CKD. The results show that, the accuracy of hybrid intelligent model in predicting of CKD is 97.8%. In addition, a hybrid intelligent model is applied on windows azure as an example of a cloud computing environment to predict of CKD to support patients in smart cities. The proposed model is superior to most of the models referred to in the related works by 64%.

Towards online data-driven prognostics system

Complex & Intelligent Systems

Complex engineering systems are always working in harsh operating conditions. Internal wears and ... more Complex engineering systems are always working in harsh operating conditions. Internal wears and tears of such systems can lead to catastrophic failures which affect system operation and endanger human lives in many cases. To avoid sudden failures, continuous monitoring, fault diagnosis, and failure prognosis are required. Prognostics as a discipline plays the major rule in impending failure prevention. Offline prognostics system focuses on maintenance and logistics operations whereas online prognostics focuses on maintaining safe operation. In a previous work we successfully developed an offline prognostics system for aircraft turbofan engines' remaining useful life (RUL) estimation. In this paper we will show how we used the offline prognostics system as the baseline definition towards creating an online data-driven prognostics system to enable informed real-time decisions.

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Real Time Route for Dynamic Road Congestions

Minimizing service delivery and travel time during rush hours downtown is strategic target for se... more Minimizing service delivery and travel time during rush hours downtown is strategic target for several organizations, especially the emergency organizations. This paper presents an On-line and Real-time Dynamic Route System (ORDRS) which benefits from the advantages and integration between information system and communications technology. It utilizes Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographical Information Systems (GIS), and Global System for Mobile communications (GSM); for producing the real time routes for vehicles. GPS-Tracker is the main input device for ORDRS. It is fixated in a vehicle, sends vehicle's movement data (Geo-info) to the control center wirelessly through either Short Message Service (SMS) or General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). Geo-info includes time, date, longitude, latitude, speed, and etc., these data is classified over time during weekdays into interval time slices, each slice is 30 minutes. Speeds are treated by GIS tools to determine historical and re...

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A Novel DSS Framework for E-government

There are various frameworks for decision support system (DSS) that have been formulated. Such fr... more There are various frameworks for decision support system (DSS) that have been formulated. Such frameworks describe the characteristics of DSS. In this paper a proposed effectiveness DSS framework for e-government is presented. This is done by integrating DSS components to support managers and decision makers in e-government. The structure of the proposed DSS framework is discussed. It is expected that the performance of proposed framework will be more effective than existing e-government systems.

Time 3D Rendering: A Case Study on POV-Ray ” [RHH11], we introduced

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the implementation details of a grid-based rendering framework for... more ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the implementation details of a grid-based rendering framework for POV-Ray on desktop grids. Our goal is to present how enterprises can build desktop grids in Windows environment in order to enable semi-real time rendering for 3D models, both images and animations, defined with POV-Ray. Algorithms, code and technical details are given for easy and efficient implementations. We think this work could be useful for both researchers and developers who are interested in the grid computing technology and its applications.

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Recent Advances of Secure Clustering Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been employed in many real-world applications that greatly i... more Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been employed in many real-world applications that greatly improve our life. The ubiquitous WSNs make security a prime issue, and new technologies have been developed recently. In this article, we review the most recent secure clustering protocols in WSNs. We start with a description of the security requirements for WSNs and discuss the existing security schemes. We analyze to what extend they have been applied to the clustering structure of WSNs. Then, we review secure clustering protocols in emerged recent years. Finally, we present a set of criteria which must be applied to build a secure clustering algorithm.

Evaluation of Utilizing Service Oriented Architecture as a Suitable Solution to Align University Management Information Systems and Learning Management Systems

To help universities achieve their goals, it is important to align managerial functionalities sid... more To help universities achieve their goals, it is important to align managerial functionalities side by side with educational aspects. Universities consume University Management Information Systems (UMIS) to handle managerial aspects as they do with Learning Management Systems (LMS) to achieve learning objectives. UMIS advances LMS by decades and has reached stable and mature consistency level. LMS is the newly acquired solution in Universities; compared to UMIS, and so adopting LMSs in universities can be achieved via three different deployment approaches. First approach believes in LMS ability to replace UMIS and performing its functionalities. Second approach presents the idea of extending UMIS to include LMS functionalities. Third approach arises from the shortages of the two proposed approaches and present integration between both as the appropriate deployment approach. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a design pattern that can be used as a suitable architectural solution t...

E-government Frameworks Survey

This article presents survey of different e-government frameworks. After the new technologies tha... more This article presents survey of different e-government frameworks. After the new technologies that have been happened in the last decade therefore all countries move towards updating and developing their government into electronic government (egovernment). E-Government has become a global phenomenon. There have been some great innovations in e-government over the last decade. Some governments compete for leadership in offering online services. In this paper more than evaluation criteria that determine the overall development of its e-government plan. The importance of citizen/end user satisfaction of the e-government e-services is a new parameter that affects e-government objectives. It is expected that the performance of e-government framework is more effective if and only if takes into its consideration.

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A Framework for Cloud P2P VoD System based on User's Behavior Analysis

Video distribution over the Internet has already become a major application due to users ’ growin... more Video distribution over the Internet has already become a major application due to users ’ growing demand of Video content and continuous growth of network technologies. Recently, as the rapid growth in the number of Video-On-Demand (VoD) systems, people ask for more and more video resources, which cause overload on network resources. Therefore, how to use the capability of peers to reduce the server's load and how to maintain the streaming performance for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology. One major quality of video delivery metric is playout latency which can be considered as one of the key challenges that face many researchers nowadays. On the other hand, as cloud computing grows rapidly and more Internet users prefer to watch video or listen to audio online instead of downloading them to their local disk, it is critical and important to provide a cloud data storage and media delivering services continuously to deal with VoD systems. To address the above issues, this paper propo...

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