Papers by Michael F . Adaramola
Taxonomy of Internet Protocol Addressing Standards for Next Generation Internet Services
Event-Triggered Reinforcement Learning-Based Adaptive Tracking Control for Completely Unknown Continuous-Time Nonlinear Systems
IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2019
In this paper, event-triggered reinforcement learning-based adaptive tracking control is develope... more In this paper, event-triggered reinforcement learning-based adaptive tracking control is developed for the continuous-time nonlinear system with unknown dynamics and external disturbances. The critic and action neural networks are designed to approximate an unknown long-term performance index and controller, respectively. The dead-zone event-triggered condition is developed to reduce communication and computational costs. Rigorous theoretical analysis is provided to show that the closed-loop system can be stabilized. The weight errors and the filtered tracking error are all uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, to demonstrate the developed controller, the simulation results are provided using an autonomous underwater vehicle model.
This paper presents three techniques for configuring, interfacing and networking of a wireless IP... more This paper presents three techniques for configuring, interfacing and networking of a wireless IP-based camera for real-time security surveillance systems design. The three different real-time implementation techniques proposed for configuring, interfacing and networking the IP camera are: 1). accessing the IP-based camera using the WANSCAM or XXCAM vendor software, 2). accessing the IP-based camera via Firefox® web browser , and 3). accessing the IP camera via MATLAB with SIMULINK on an internet ready system. The live streaming video based on the proposed techniques can be adapted for image detection, recognition and tracking for realtime intelligent security surveillance systems design. The paper also carried out a thorough comparative analysis of the three methods of achieving video streaming resulting from the output of the IP-based cameras. The analysis shows that the WANSCAM or XXCAM software displays the best video animations from the IP-based cameras when compared with the performance of the other methods.
The paper focuses on analysis and operation of Yagi-Uda antenna which is usually excited at frequ... more The paper focuses on analysis and operation of Yagi-Uda antenna which is usually excited at frequencies between 30MHz and 3GHz with coverage of 40 to 60km. The length of the reflector is selected approximately equal to 0.55wavelength of the radiated signal. The optimum spacing between the reflector and the driven element is chosen between 0.15wavelength and 0.25wavelength. The length of the reflector has a large effect on the front-to-back ratio and antenna input impedance. For the dipole driven element, a length of 0.47wavelength was chosen to ensure good input impedance to a 50 ohms feed line. In this paper both empirical and measured data were collated to ensure a solid and efficient analysis of the parameters of this antenna. However, the paper has successfully presented a comprehensive analysis of the design, implementation and operation of the end-fire antenna configured for wireless terrestrial communication services.
This paper extensively studies the design, construction and operation of a broadband printed slot... more This paper extensively studies the design, construction and operation of a broadband printed slot antenna. In this research work, the coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed conventional rectangular slot antenna is designed and then the rectangular shape is modified by a stepped configuration to achieve higher bandwidth for both transmission and reception. The paper explains that the signal transmitted or received by the antenna is in the ultra wide radio frequency band. The mathematical analyses of the magnetic vector potential from the short slot were used to evaluate the total current distribution on the entire stepped-slot. The simulated results using Integrated Electronics with three-dimensional graphical output display (IE3D) software are verified by measurement and the results show that the printed stepped-slot antenna can be used for ultra wide band (UWB) communication in the frequency range of 3.1GHz-5.7GHz. The performance and effectiveness of the printed-slot antenna finds its applications in radar antennas used with modern aircraft.
This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive study of dual-band WLAN for internet access. ... more This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive study of dual-band WLAN for internet access. It gives an exposition of the architecture of the 4G-WLAN routers which is a more advanced and the latest technology that uses Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) to dynamically react to channel fluctuations while maintaining bit-error rate targets of the transmission. It also x-rays the part played by the internet service providers (ISP), the access providers (i.e. Dial-up, DSL, Satellite and fibre optics) which are responsible for high data throughput and cost of connection. This paper also discusses the IP addressing methods of the connected devices (i.e. BOOTP and DHCP) which depict the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) of the network. The system clearly provides added convenience of Internet access and the extent of mobility the wireless routers can bring to computer networks and users. This technology provides a platform for future expansion.
This paper presents an insight into network performance evaluation and quality of service (QoS) i... more This paper presents an insight into network performance evaluation and quality of service (QoS) improvement of GSM cellular system services during rainfall. The components of QoS and mechanisms of analyzing and evaluating them are discussed. The paper also identifies the important key performance indicators (KPIs) for QoS evaluation which are used in evaluating the poor GSM network during rainfall. Five assessment parameters (i.e. network accessibility, service reliability, connection quality, and radio propagation and rain attenuation) for evaluating QoS on the network were employed. Prior to the development of this research, result shows that QoS of GSM system in the country is unreliable. It is also found that GSM network accessibility and reliability in the country are unsatisfactory during rainfall. The paper is concluded with recommendations which include the GSM link budget that incorporated the rain attenuation factor that would definitely improve the QoS of poor GSM network services in order to enhance effective and efficient telecommunication system in the country.
This paper surveys the problem of the astronomical growing demand of Internet Systems participati... more This paper surveys the problem of the astronomical growing demand of Internet Systems participating in the public network which has led to the depletion of allocated Internet Protocol version 4.0 (IPV4) addresses. Already, four out of the Regional Internet Registry (RIR) namely: ARNIC, RIPE, LACNIC and ARPIN have exhausted their allocated IPV4 addresses while the fifth AFRICNIC (Africa's RIR) is reportedly depleted. We also examine the limitations of IPV4, the features of IPV6 and different modes of operating IPV6 standard. Findings shows that the current population of the world is over 6billion people with a projection of 9billion people by the year 2050 and IPV6 can conveniently accommodate 2 128 devices. This paper also proposes the migration from the present Internet Protocol version 4.0(IPV4) to a new Internet Protocol version 6.0(IPV6) addresses. This research work has shown that deploying the IPV6 could only be the possible solution to sustaining Internet Services globally.
This paper addresses the solution to the problem of Internet Bandwidth optimization and predictio... more This paper addresses the solution to the problem of Internet Bandwidth optimization and prediction in the institution of higher learning in Nigeria. The operation of the link-load balancer which provides an efficient costeffective and easy-to-use solution to maximize utilization and availability of internet access is extensively discussed. This enables enterprises to lease for two or three ISP links connecting the internal network to the internet. The paper also proposes the application of the Langrage's method of interpolation for the predictability of internet bandwidth in the institutions. The analysis provides a unique graphical solution of effective actual bandwidth (Mbps) and the corresponding acceptable number of internet Users ('000) in the institutions. The prediction allows us to view the actual internet bandwidth and the acceptable number of internet Users as the population of users' increases.
This paper analyses the problem of slow data or video streaming on the World Wide Web internet th... more This paper analyses the problem of slow data or video streaming on the World Wide Web internet through the network interface cards (NICs). The service of the entire network and internet connectivity largely rest on the installed Network Interface Cards (NICs). The performance of the various NICs such as 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1,000Mbps and 10,000Mbps were examined using different message data sizes on the network. Also, the paper extensively discusses the performance of 10Gbps Ethernet card such as: data transmission time and throughput. The fact remained that the major backbone of the Internet network is the transmission control protocol (TCP) which is designed for reliable sending of data over the internet. The TCP as the protocol of the NIC is used for browsing web and downloading or uploading files. Additionally, the paper also examines the TCP feedback mechanism that is able to detect loss packets and retransmit them. Also, the TCP is able to dynamically adapt its packet sending rate to the network conditions in order to achieve the highest possible throughput. However, this paper proposes the use of the 10Gbps Ethernet card for the Internet Servers and Workstations for effective and fast internet access in all public networks.
This paper analyses the problem of slow data or video streaming on the World Wide Web internet th... more This paper analyses the problem of slow data or video streaming on the World Wide Web internet through the network interface cards (NICs). The service of the entire network and internet connectivity largely rest on the installed Network Interface Cards (NICs). The performance of the various NICs such as 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1,000Mbps and 10,000Mbps were examined using different message data sizes on the network. Also, the paper extensively discusses the performance of 10Gbps Ethernet card such as: data transmission time and throughput. The fact remained that the major backbone of the Internet network is the transmission control protocol (TCP) which is designed for reliable sending of data over the internet. The TCP as the protocol of the NIC is used for browsing web and downloading or uploading files. Additionally, the paper also examines the TCP feedback mechanism that is able to detect loss packets and retransmit them. Also, the TCP is able to dynamically adapt its packet sending rate to the network conditions in order to achieve the highest possible throughput. However, this paper proposes the use of the 10Gbps Ethernet card for the Internet Servers and Workstations for effective and fast internet access in all public networks.
This chapter examines the issue of astronomically increasing demand for Internet Systems particip... more This chapter examines the issue of astronomically increasing demand for Internet Systems participating in the public network, which has resulted in the depletion of allocated Internet Protocol version 4.0 (IPV4) addresses. Each version of the internet protocol has similar characteristics and abilities. It extensively studies the categories of IP address standards and features. Four Regional Internet Registries (RIRs), namely ARNIC, RIPE, LACNIC, and ARPIN, have already exhausted their given IPV4 addresses, while the fifth, AFRICNIC (Africa's RIR), is said to be depleted. We also investigated the limits of IPV4, the characteristics of IPV6, and several modes of operation for the IPV6 standard. The current global population is approximately 7 billion people, with a projected increase to 9 billion by 2050, and IPV6 can easily support 2 128 =3.4028 x 10 38 devices. This study also suggests a transition from current Internet Protocol version 4.0 (IPV4) addresses to new Internet Protocol version 6.0 (IPV6) addresses. This research has revealed that installing IPV6 is merely one feasible strategy for sustaining global Internet services.
This chapter examines the issue of slow data or video streaming on the World Wide Web internet th... more This chapter examines the issue of slow data or video streaming on the World Wide Web internet through the network interface cards (NICs). Using various message data sizes on the network, the performance of the different NICs, including 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1,000Mbps, and 10,000Mbps, was investigated. The transmission control protocol (TCP) as the protocol of the NIC is used for browsing web and downloading or uploading files. The TCP feedback system, which can recognize lost packets and resend them, is also examined in this study. From the graphical analysis, 10,000Mbps NIC proved to be the best in terms of its data transmission time and throughput while transmitting data on the internet network. However, this article suggests that for efficient and quick internet access across all public networks, Internet servers and workstations should employ 10Gbps Ethernet cards.
This research work studies the performance of the internet services of institution of higher lear... more This research work studies the performance of the internet services of institution of higher learning in Nigeria. Data was collated from Lagos State University of Science and Technology (LASUSTECH) as case study of this research work. The problem of Internet Bandwidth optimization in the institution of higher learning in Nigeria was extensively addressed in this paper. The operation of the Link-Load balancer which provides an efficient costeffective and easy-to-use solution to maximize utilization and availability of Internet access is discussed. In this research work, the Lagrange's method of interpolation was used to predict effective internet data bandwidth for significantly increasing number of internet users. The linear Lagrange's interpolation model (LILAGRINT model) was proposed for LASUSTECH. The predictions allow us to view the effective internet data bandwidth with respect to the corresponding acceptable number of internet users as the number of user's increases. The integrity of the model was examined, verified and validated at the ICT department of the institution. The LILAGRINT model was integrated into the management of ICT and tested. The result showed that the proposed LILAGRINT model proved to be highly effective and innovative in the area of internet data bandwidth predictability.
This research work studies the performance and management of the internet services of institution... more This research work studies the performance and management of the internet services of institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. Data were collated from a federal, state, and private university designated as FEDERAL1, STATE1, and PRIVATE1, respectively, in this research study. The reinforcement learning-based internet data bandwidth allocation model was developed for bandwidth allocation and prediction to enhance balanced quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) of the users. The linear Lagrange's method of interpolation, the LILARINT model, was developed and implemented to predict and allocate effective internet data bandwidth for the significantly increasing number of internet users in each of the institutions. The problem of inability to predict and allocate acceptable internet data bandwidth with the corresponding number of internet users was solved by the LILARINT model. The Allen's PRESS regression, R 2 of the LILARINT models, was very close to unity, which is an indication that the models developed stood at the very best fit. In this research work, it is clear that PRESS regressions, R 2 for the selected institutions, were better than the regression, R 2 obtained from Nielsen's institution. Using the measured and simulated results, we found out that PRESS regression, R 2 has significantly performed best in the LILARINT model developed. In the overall comparative analysis, the FEDERAL1 LILARINT model emerged as the most reliable model developed and implemented. The model has a regression, R 2 of 0.9999, mean squared error (MSE) of 1.455, mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 122.6920, Standard Deviation (σ) of 8.2975, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.6274%.
This research paper clearly identifies the problems of data transmission traffic, erratically slo... more This research paper clearly identifies the problems of data transmission traffic, erratically slow data and video streaming on the World Wide Web internet through the network interface cards (NICs). It also provides the reliable solutions and appropriate means to address these perennial problems of ICT-Based institutions and organisations. The entire wired or wireless internet data network connectivity of an institution is sustained by the standard of installed Network Interface Cards (NICs). The standard and the relative performance metrics of NIC types such as 1Gbps, 10Gbps and 100Gbps were adequately examined using different information data sizes of 20MB, 40MB, 60MB, 80MB and 100MB which is either meant for data upload or download on the internet network. Specifically, the paper categorically discusses the parameters for performance metrics of each of these Ethernet card which include the data transmission time, data total time delay and throughput. The research work accurately established the active features of the NICs as the major backbone of the Internet network and the transmission control protocol (TCP) which is designed for reliable transmission of data over the internet. TCP as a connectionless protocol of the NIC is majorly used for surfing webs, downloading and uploading files. In practical terms, the TCP is able to dynamically adapt its packet sending rate to the network conditions in order to achieve the highest possible throughput. In a nutshell , this research paper proposes an upgrade to 100Gbps Ethernet card on the Internet infrastructures of ICT-Based institutions in order to ensure reliable, efficient, sustainable, fast and effective internet data access in all internet devices connected to their networks.
This research work studies the performance and management of the internet services of institution... more This research work studies the performance and management of the internet services of institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. Data were collated from a federal, state, and private university designated as FEDERAL1, STATE1, and PRIVATE1, respectively, in this research study. The reinforcement learning-based internet data bandwidth allocation model was developed for bandwidth allocation and prediction to enhance balanced quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) of the users. The linear Lagrange's method of interpolation, the LILARINT model, was developed and implemented to predict and allocate effective internet data bandwidth for the significantly increasing number of internet users in each of the institutions. The problem of inability to predict and allocate acceptable internet data bandwidth with the corresponding number of internet users was solved by the LILARINT model. The Allen's PRESS regression, R 2 of the LILARINT models, was very close to unity, which is an indication that the models developed stood at the very best fit. In this research work, it is clear that PRESS regressions, R 2 for the selected institutions, were better than the regression, R 2 obtained from Nielsen's institution. Using the measured and simulated results, we found out that PRESS regression, R 2 has significantly performed best in the LILARINT model developed. In the overall comparative analysis, the FEDERAL1 LILARINT model emerged as the most reliable model developed and implemented. The model has a regression, R 2 of 0.9999, mean squared error (MSE) of 1.455, mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 122.6920, Standard Deviation (σ) of 8.2975, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.6274%.
This paper surveys the challenges and solutions of the astronomical growing demand of Internet de... more This paper surveys the challenges and solutions of the astronomical growing demand of Internet devices available in the global network and Internet of Things (IoT). It is obvious that the availability of these internet infrastructures had led to the depletion of assigned Internet Protocol version 4.0 (IPV4) addresses worldwide. It extensively and equally studies the categories of IP address standards and features for sustainable IoT infrastructures. At the moment, four out of the Regional Internet Registry (RIR) namely: Annenberg Research Network on International Communication (ARNIC), Reseaux Internet Protocol (IP) Europeens (RIPE),
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Papers by Michael F . Adaramola