SAAD SALMAN

KKKUK, English, Graduate Student

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Saad Salman is a diligent and enthusiastic researcher and Artisan. With Bachelor in English Language and Literature from Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak, KP, Saad is well conversant with modern trends in English Language and Literature. He can sketch new areas of research in English language and Literature. Saad studies Master of Philosophy in English Literature from Khushal Khan Khattak University. With expertise and research interest in Pakistani Fiction and World Literature, Saad is working on various Research projects concerning the meaning of Life, identity, trauma and comparative researches in globalizing the locals.
Phone: 03189284456
Address: Village and Post office Chokara Tehsil Takht-e-Nasrati District Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

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Constructing Nature in the Classroom: An Eco linguistic Analysis of Depiction of Human-Nature Relationship in English Textbooks

In the face of escalating environmental crises, the role of education in shaping young learners' ... more In the face of escalating environmental crises, the role of education in shaping young learners' ecological consciousness has gained critical importance. School textbooks, particularly language textbooks, play a foundational role in constructing students' perceptions of nature and their relationship with the environment. The current research paper examines the representation of human-nature relationships in school textbooks and how it may impact the ecological awareness of young students. Drawing upon the ecolinguistics framework by Greta Gaard, this study aims to understand how textbook language and approach towards natural ecology may construct students' perceptions of the environment. The analysis focuses on the degree of emphasis on ecological issues, the approach to human-nature interaction, and the presence of anthropocentric or eco-centric perspectives in the portrayal of nature in grades sixth and eighth English textbooks taught in government schools in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Through purposive sampling technique, lessons were critically evaluated using a qualitative approach to identify patterns, themes, and underlying ideologies in the language used to describe nature. The findings reveal that, on the one hand, ecological issues are not openly and adequately addressed in textbooks. On the other hand, texts that deal with any aspect of living or non-living natural ecology show a prevalence of anthropocentric language-depicting nature as a resource for human activities or merely a backdrop to such activities rather than emphasizing its intrinsic value. The current study found that the textbook material predominantly adopted a human-centered approach towards naturedepicting it in anthropocentric terms, thereby lacking students' practical engagement with the environment. The paper examines the implications of this approach and highlights the need to revise textbook's content and to include ecologically balanced narratives that foster a deeper respect for nature and promote sustainable thinking among students from an early age.

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HERE, THERE AND NOWHERE: A SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE LEAD’S EXISTENTIAL EXPERIENCES IN RAVI CHOPRA’S FILM BAGHBAN

A person is here instead of there, safe instead of in jeopardy, enclosed instead of exposed, and ... more A person is here instead of there, safe instead of in jeopardy, enclosed instead of exposed, and at ease instead of anxious when they feel inside place. Every place includes Geography/material setting, actions/situations/events that create ideas in the particular place, and the individual creates meaning from the lived experiences. Ravi Chopra's Baghban embodies a spatial exploration of existential insideness and outsideness in the context of a unique combination of Geography (normative), activities, and meaning. Grounded on E. C Relph and Tim Cresswell's theorizations of Space and Place, this research paper examines how the protagonists of the movie experience existential insideness, outsideness, out of placeness, and placeness because of the displacement, familial relationships, material setting, un-involvement, alienation, and created meaning from the lived experiences. At its core, the protagonist in this movie experiences spatial stimuli to tune with the physical setting, situations, and events, and develops meaning from the experiences.

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Beyond Idealism and Escapism: Jungian Analytical Insights into Keats' Poetic Personae

John Keats, a celebrated figure among the English Romantic Poets of the 19th century, is often ch... more John Keats, a celebrated figure among the English Romantic Poets of the 19th century, is often characterized as a poet of escapism or an unfulfilled genius. However, these binary positions overlook the profound wisdom embedded in his poetry. Keats' works, particularly his renowned odes, encapsulate Romantic ideals, celebrating emotions, imaginative experience, and nature's beauty, while grappling with human suffering and the fleeting nature of life. This article challenges the above-mentioned dichotomous views by applying a Jungian archetypal analysis to Keats' poetry. It explores Keats as a holistic poet whose poetry bridges conscious and unconscious realms, intuition, emotion, and imagination. After examining the historical reception of Keats' poetry, this study uses Jungian archetypal perspective to conduct a close reading of Keats' poems, and concludes by emphasizing how this perspective enhances our understanding of Keats in the context of psychic health and holistic living. Keats emerges as a poet who offers profound psychological insights and guides us towards a more complete understanding of the human psyche and existence.

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Pashtunwali in Jamil Ahmad’s The Wandering Falcon: an Exploration of Cultural Traditions and Narrative Dynamics

Dialogue Social Science Review (DSSR), 2025

Pashtunwali is generally regarded as the Pashtun code of conduct practiced in the Pashtun region ... more Pashtunwali is generally regarded as the Pashtun code of conduct practiced in the Pashtun region for centuries. Whereas Pashto literature invariably and Urdu literature occasionally refer to the aforementioned code of conduct, Pakistani fiction in English rarely brings images of such representation. Employing the codes of Pashtunwali explicated in the Pashto folkloric tradition, this paper aims to offer realistic depiction and exploration of Pashtunwali in Jamil Ahmad‘s The Wandering Falcon. By delving into specific instances and character interactions, this paper aims to illuminate the cultural nuances and narrative dynamics influenced by Pashtunwali and provide a comprehensive understanding of the manifestation of Pashtunwali in The Wandering Falcon. This research paper seeks further to explore and dissect the manifestations of Pashtunwali within the novel, examining how cultural traditions impact character development, plot progression, and overall thematic elements.

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EXISTENTIAL FAILING IN DANIYAL MUEENUDDIN'S SHORT STORY "SALEEMA"

Jahan-e-Tahqeeq, 2024

Daniyal Mueenuddin"s short story, "Saleema" is a miserable protagonist"s journey invoking the dif... more Daniyal Mueenuddin"s short story, "Saleema" is a miserable protagonist"s journey invoking the difficulties and complexities of existential struggles predominantly due tolack of meaning, apprehension between freedom and responsibility, isolation, the quest for authentic relationships, and the influencing social and economic factors. Grounding the core argument on theoretical underpinnings of existentialism as contended by Sartre and Frankl, the paper explores the murky layers of human existence, focusing on the story"s protagonist"s struggle in search for meaning and purpose of life. Navigating the thematic notions of despair and obscurity of communal expectations, the study underscores the protagonist"s suppressed personal aspirations and her desires and societal constraints symbolizes deeper meaning of the existential void. The paper illuminates the nuanced portrayal of existential failing/failure, foregrounding the impacts of peripheral factors in individual"s existential experiences which include cultural and communal forces on individual identity. The study also explores Saleema's internal conflicts, the choices she makes, and the consequences of those choices within the context of her cultural milieu.

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WEALTH AND WOMANHOOD: A FEMINIST MARXIST READING OF PROPERTY, INHERITANCE, AND CLASS MOBILITY IN PRIDE AND PREJUDICE

This research reveals how the way female characters perform social roles, express their desires, ... more This research reveals how the way female characters perform social roles, express their desires, and make their decisions in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice (1813), is influenced by their economic status, which was a common motive for marriage in the contemporary society of the nineteenth century. By using feminist Marxist theory, the analysis in this article shows how mobility in class, property, and inheritance interacted in Regency-era England and affected women in the novel. By exploring the textual nuances, dialogues, and characters' interactions, the study brings to light how ownership and inheritance influenced the level of agency and autonomy for women. Importantly, the study underscores the fact that Elizabeth Bennet's journey towards independence and self-awareness was shaped almost all the time by the struggle against the injustice of property standards and the class system. Generally, the research accentuates the significance of Austen's work in the context of the issues that address women's equality in the early 19th century, such as gender, property, inheritance, and social justice. This research adds to the research body on Pride and Prejudice, but also gives a holistic picture of the multilayered interconnection of class mobility, feminism and Marxism with its literary representation.

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Unpacking the 4C’s: Evaluating the Integration of 21st Century Skills in Pakistan's New Undergraduate Curriculum

This article presents a critical review of the recent undergraduate curriculum reform in higher e... more This article presents a critical review of the recent undergraduate curriculum reform in higher education in Pakistan, focusing specifically on the integration of 21st-century skills into the new curriculum. This initiative emphasizes the 4C skills-critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration-as central to the revamped courses. The article explores the effectiveness and potential impact of incorporating these 21st-century skills into the curriculum, as well as the challenges that may arise during their practical, on-the-ground implementation. Diverging significantly from Pakistan's traditional English as a Foreign Language teaching model, which is largely based on the grammar translation method within a teacher-centric, delivery-based classroom, the new courses adopt a Project-Based Learning (PBL) approach. This approach aims to prepare students for effective participation in today's world by engaging them in authentic language use and project-based activities. The review examines the integration of the 4C skills into the curriculum and compares this with global contexts reported in current research literature to identify common difficulties. Overall, this review contributes to the critical research literature on educational reform in language education at the tertiary level, providing insights into the potential benefits and significant challenges of implementing a curriculum that includes the 4C skills.

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Weapon of the Weak: Women’s Activism and Technology in The City Always Wins

In recent years, women's activism in Asia has received greater attention in literary production. ... more In recent years, women's activism in Asia has received greater attention in literary production. The active involvement of women in instigating, propelling, and sustaining revolutionary activism has assumed a significant status to warrant in a female gender perspective. This article examines Robert Hamilton as an innovative novel depicting the role of women in urban uprisings, particularly during the Arab uprisings of 2011. Drawing on James Scott's (1985) construct of the "weapon of the weak," it explores how technology, specifically smartphones, became central to the activism of female characters in the novel. The analysis involves a close textual reading of the novel, considering the fragmented narration of the novel and the representation of social media as a tool for organizing protests. The article looks at how Mariam's character is used to represent women's activism, highlighting the innovative ways she utilizes technology to oppose more potent oppressive forces. Examining how propaganda and fake news play out in the book against the struggles of the main characters, this article shows how power dynamics shift when even the most vulnerable people have access to powerful technologies.

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Trajectories of Masculinity and Femininity in Tehmina Durrani's Autobiographical Narrative, My Feudal Lord

Tehmina Durrani, has largely been acclaimed for her audacious depiction of the predicaments of th... more Tehmina Durrani, has largely been acclaimed for her audacious depiction of the predicaments of the marginalized segments of Pakistani society. Exploring gender dichotomy affecting the relationship of the narrator and her husband, the paper attempts to trace the trajectory of the split between masculinity and femininity, foregrounding a distressed marital relationship under a clash of interests between spouses. The study accentuates the variance of mental/psychological, emotional, socio-cultural, and religious chasms of the psyches of men and women by grounding the argument in question on the theorizations of masculinity and femininity as contended by Todd.W. Reeser, Linda Mcdowell, R.W. Connell, and feminism as argued by Stephanie Hodgson-Wright, Valerie Sanders, Sue Thornham, and Sophia Phoca. Emphasizing the individual and collective tussles between the narrator and her husband, informed by the gender issues, the study explores that My Feudal Lord unfolds the sheer dissimilarities between the oppressor and the oppressed, swaying between the duality of reason and feeling. Underlining further the marked traits labeled as masculine and feminine, the paper attempts to illuminate the attributes of manhood and womanhood, mainly the notion that the former have had privileges over the latter, resulting in the gender and social polarities between femininity and masculinity.

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Gender And Trauma: A Textual Analysis of Barry Lyga's Boy Toy

Trauma is an experience that is fundamentally beyond comprehension. It disrupts the victim's abi... more Trauma is an experience that is fundamentally beyond comprehension. It disrupts the victim's ability to process and understand the event fully, leading to a fragmented and delayed response whereas gender influences the experience and representation of trauma. This research papers examines psychological and emotional ramifications of trauma in general and gendered trauma in particular to highlight sexual abuse and its repercussions in Lyga's Boy Toy. Grounding the arguments on theoretical underpinnings of Trauma as contented by Cathy Caruth, the selected novel has been textually analyzed to explore and identify how trauma narratives are shaped by gender norms and expectations. This paper further walk around gender stereotypes an individual encounters at the hands of trauma and highlights that the prejudiced response towards them, is direct result of gender norms. The study maintains that gender performativity of the protagonist Josh, portrays how he manifests and deals with the trauma of sexual abuse. The paper concludes that gender inequality and bias of the society plays a role in strengthening the discrimination of trauma based on the gender of the victim as faced by Josh who is the victim of abuse, the narrative is sexualized, all while robbing the situation of the gravity that truly encompasses a victim experiencing trauma.

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SAAD SALMAN

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