The modulation formats play an important role in providing speed and efficiency of the internet a... more The modulation formats play an important role in providing speed and efficiency of the internet and data transmission though optical fiber. The concept of coherency in optical communication has gained popularity because coherent optical communication provides better spectral efficiency, more efficient way of managing non-linear impairments, better sensitivity, an increased capacity with use of DSP (Digital Signal Processing) and a support for the multilevel modulation formats. Coherent communication technology gives rise to advanced modulation formats compared to Intensity Modulation Direct Detection (IM-DD) counterparts. This paper presents a comparison-based analysis to investigate the suitability of various modulation formats available for fiber-optic coherent communication. The selection of a suitable modulation format for coherent optical transmission through fiber is required in order to obtain optimal transmission efficiency and speed.
There are mainly four series of Parallel Digital-Multipliers: Array, Vedic, Booth and Wallace ser... more There are mainly four series of Parallel Digital-Multipliers: Array, Vedic, Booth and Wallace series of multipliers. In this paper, a multiplier is proposed. This proposed multiplier has better performance than the other four types of series of multipliers. The proposed multiplier is actually a modified version of Wallace and Dadda multipliers. This paper presents a comparison of the proposed multiplier with these four types of series of multipliers. From each series, one multiplier which is the best among its series is selected for comparison by doing literature review of that series of multiplier. The comparison is in terms of delay, power and area. The selected multipliers with the proposed multiplier are implemented on front-end modeling using Verilog-HDL. For simulation, Modelsim is used and for synthesis and implementation Vivado is used. The target technology used for implementation is the FPGA, Z-board (xc7z020clg484-1).
Research & Reviews: Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2018
Dadda multipliers require less area and are slightly faster than Wallace tree multipliers. Among ... more Dadda multipliers require less area and are slightly faster than Wallace tree multipliers. Among tree multipliers, Dadda multiplier is the most popular multiplier. This paper presents a new tree multiplier named Full-Dadda which has a new reduction scheme. This novel reduction scheme results in less number of bit-interconnects and less interconnect area than those in Dadda multiplier. This proposed reduction scheme is also a superior one in terms of regularity, simplicity and alternative use. This regularity and simplicity do not require any extra hardware. The comparative performance analysis of the Dadda and the Full-Dadda multipliers with different operand sizes is presented in this paper. Figures and tables are given to illustrate above advantages of the proposed multiplier.
This paper work directly towards the improving the quality of the image for the digital cameras a... more This paper work directly towards the improving the quality of the image for the digital cameras and other visual capturing products. In this Paper, the authors clearly defines the problems occurs in the CFA image. A different methodology for removing the noise is discuses in the paper for color correction and color balancing of the image. At the same time, the authors also proposed a new methodology of providing denoisiing process before the demosaickingfor the improving the image quality of CFA which is much efficient then the other previous defined. The demosaicking process for producing the colors in the image in a best way is also discuss.
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Papers by vikas kaushik