srimanta gupta

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Hazard Risk Evaluation of Covid-19: A Case Study

International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, Dec 31, 2022

The present research deals with an in-depth analysis of COVID-19 risk in the state of Kerala usin... more The present research deals with an in-depth analysis of COVID-19 risk in the state of Kerala using the integrated approach of the hazard and vulnerability in a GIS platform. Considering the probable causative factors of this disease, several geo-environmental indicators are analyzed through various statistical and geospatial techniques. Lorenz curve indicates an uneven distribution of COVID-19 instances in Kerala. Hazard analysis is formulated based on the proximity to hotspots and LULC followed by vulnerability analysis using an integrated analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Risk analysis reveals that COVID-19 infection poses a very serious threat to around 2.39% of Kerala's total land area, with high, medium and low risks of 38, 44 and 14% respectively. The outcomes of this research will be a first-hand tool for policymakers to safeguard the population in high-risk potential zones from the future spread of infectious disease.

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A Critical Review of Different Methods of Estimation of the Above-Ground Biomass and Carbon Stocks in India

CRC Press eBooks, Aug 20, 2023

Settlement suitability analysis of a riverine floodplain in the perspective of GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Role of LU and LC Types on the Spatial Distribution of Arsenic-Contaminated Tube Wells of Purbasthali I and II Blocks of Burdwan District, West Bengal, India

Geography of the Physical Environment

Effective phosphate removal from sewage water using zerovalent iron nanomaterial as an adsorbent

Water Quality Research Journal

In recent times, nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles have attracted significant attention from ... more In recent times, nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles have attracted significant attention from researchers for their effectiveness in removing phosphates, a hazardous contaminant found in groundwater and surface water. nZVI possesses some excellent characteristics such as high reactivity, high surface area, and effective surface-to-volume ratio. In this study, nZVI was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The effect of variations in nZVI dosage, pH, ionic strength, and coexisting anions on the removal of phosphate from laboratory-based synthetic water was explored. A maximum phosphate removal efficiency of 96% was achieved at an initial phosphate concentration of 25 mg/L, an nZVI dosage of 560 mg/L, and a shaking rate of 500 rpm, and pH 2 was attained within 120 min. Kinetic and equilibri...

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Mechanism of fluoride mobilization through solid-solution interaction:An experimental approach

Archives of Applied Science Research, 2014

Batch dissolution experiments were carried out on two different types of aquifer sediments collec... more Batch dissolution experiments were carried out on two different types of aquifer sediments collected from drill core samples of Fcontaminated alluvial aquifer of Birbhum district, West Bengal. One of the samples represents sand having quartz, k-feldsper, muscovite, biotite and Fe-Mg minerals and the other is silty-clay in nature having quartz, K-feldsper and zeolite minerals. Batch dissolution experiments showed that the maximum concentration of F was found in Na-rich solution at 500 hr of interaction time whereas in case of silty-clay sample the optimum concentration was found at 300 hr. However silty-clay samples release 6 times more F than sand sample. With respect to the contribution from other cations and anions Na and HCO3 play major role in mobilizing F. In case of sand sample weathering of muscovite/biotite is the principal mechanism of mobilizing F in comparison to the ionexchange mechanism in silty-clay samples. Apart from HCO3, Na/Ca ratio also plays a significant role in...

Lake Hydro Geochemistry: An Implication to Chemical Weathering, Ion-exchange Phenomena and Metal Interaction

Present study aims to unravel the hydro geochemical interaction of sediment and water of Saheb ba... more Present study aims to unravel the hydro geochemical interaction of sediment and water of Saheb bandh lake, West Bengal, India with an emphasis on heavy metal assessment. Lake water belongs to Ca2+–HCO3− type hydro geochemical faces and water-rock interaction primarily controls the lake water chemistry. Based on different Hydro chemical characteristics it is suggested that silicate weathering is the major hydro geochemical process operating in Saheb bandh lake water. Regarding point source contribution of pollutants the average value of NO3-N, TP and Hg are much higher in inlet water (7.5 mg/L, 1.29 mg/L and 8.5 μg/L) than the lake water (1.5 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L and 0.42 μg/L). Risk assessment indices suggest advanced decline of the sediment quality. Water-sediment interaction of heavy metals reveals that Cd, As, Pb and Hg metals enter into lake water as a result of not only natural processes but also of direct and indirect activities of humans. This study recommends that continuous moni...

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Physicochemical characteristics and trophic state evaluation of post glacial mountain lake using multivariate analysis

Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2018

The current study deals with the physicochemical characterization, temporal variability and troph... more The current study deals with the physicochemical characterization, temporal variability and trophic state evaluation of a post glacial mountain lake in eastern Himalaya during the period of 2014-2016. Notable seasonal variations are recorded for physicochemical parameters of lake water. The values for electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity and Chloride are higher during the rainy season. Concentrations of total phosphorous (136.78±29.14 µg/L), total nitrogen (7177.78±1346.70 µg/L) and Chlorophyll-a (38.54±21.67 µg/L) in lake water are distinctly higher than the recommended standards for eutrophic condition of lake/surface water. Application of multivariate tools such as cluster analysis and principal component analysis reveals that ionic constituents of lake water are majorly associated to the geogenic and exogenic factors, with minor seasonal influences. Trophic state indices based on water transparency (3.15±1.57), total phosphoro...

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Fluoride dynamics in the weathered mantle and the saprolitic zone of the Purulia district, West Bengal

Advances in Applied Science Research, 2013

Present research work undertakes fluoride (F - ) hydrogeochemistry in the unconfined aquifer of P... more Present research work undertakes fluoride (F - ) hydrogeochemistry in the unconfined aquifer of Pu rulia (Block II) integrated with geospatial approach. Based on the g eospatial analysis, it has been observed that high F - in groundwater mainly occurs in the formation having a litho-assemblage of saprolitic zone between fractu red granite gneiss and weathered mantle. Groundwater with high F - concentration is mainly associated with Ca-Cl, Mix ed CaMg-Cl indicating dominance of evaporation effect. P ositive correlation with pH, HCO 3 - and Na + indicates dissolution of fluoride bearing mineral such as flu orite is the main responsible mineral for F - contamination. PHREEQCI geochemical modeling also indicates that F - in groundwater can be increased as a result of precipitation of CaCO 3, CaMg(CO 3)2 and CaSO 4, 2H 2O at high pH, which removes Ca 2+ from solution allowing more fluorite to dissolve. Since the increase in Na + concentration increases the solubility of F - bearing miner...

Effect of wastewater irrigation on soil and some selected vegetables grown in Asansol, West Bengal

International Journal on Environmental Sciences, 2016

This study was conducted in sub-urban region of Asansol, where wastewater from that Nunia nala is... more This study was conducted in sub-urban region of Asansol, where wastewater from that Nunia nala is widely being used by poor farmers for irrigating vegetable on long-term basis. As a result elevated levels of heavy metals were found to accumulate in wastewater irrigated soil and vegetables, compared to well water irrigated soil and vegetables. The mean value of Pb, Mn and Zn content in both irrigation water showed the lower value in comparison to FAO/WHO standards, Cr and Cu value in wastewater and Cd value in both type of water exceeded the FAO/WHO standards. The trend of mean metal concentrations in well water and wastewater were Pb > Zn > Mn > Cr > Cd > Cu and Pb > Mn > Zn > Cr > Cd > Cu respectively. Pollution load index (PLI) level in soils were in the order of Cu (2.40) > Cr (2.19) > Cd (2.00) > Mn (1.77) > Pb (1.25) > Zn (0.97). Higher enrichment factor of Cd was found in spinach, Cu in brinjal, Mn in cauliflower and Mn and Zn in ca...

Sources evaluation and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals accumulated within a natural stream of Durgapur industrial zone, India, by using multivariate analysis and pollution indices

Applied Water Science, 2019

In this study, variations in physicochemical parameters and heavy metal contamination in water-se... more In this study, variations in physicochemical parameters and heavy metal contamination in water-sediments of a natural stream in the Durgapur industrial zone have been investigated. pH, COD, Cl -, CN -and heavy metals, viz. Pb, Hg and Fe concentrations in channel water, are higher than Indian standards. Metal concentrations in sediments are many folds higher than background value, where Pb, Cd, Hg and Cr contents exceed the sediment quality guidelines. Contamination factor (C f ) value of channel water follows the order of Hg > Pb > Fe > Cr > Cd > Cu > Ni, whereas enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index (I geo ) values in channel sediments are in the order of Hg > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd > Fe > Cu. The assessment of contamination index (C d ), modified contamination index (mC d ) and pollution load index indicates that channel water and sediment samples in the study area are strongly contaminated by heavy metals. Sediment samples based on PELQ and ERMQ are highly toxic, with high degree of potential ecological risk at all the monitored stations. Multivariate analysis infers that heavy metals in channel water and sediments are majorly sourced from industrial discharge.

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An evaluation of irrigation water suitability in the Dwarka river basin through the use of GIS-based modelling

Environmental Earth Sciences, 2017

A GIS-based irrigation water quality (IWQ) assessment of the Dwarka river basin was undertaken us... more A GIS-based irrigation water quality (IWQ) assessment of the Dwarka river basin was undertaken using water suitability indicators including determinations of values of: soluble sodium percentage, exchangeable sodium ratio or Kelly ratio, residual sodium carbonate, magnesium adsorption ratios, total hardness, sodium adsorption ratio and permeability indices, electrical conductivity, and fluoride concentrations (F−). Inverse distance weighted algorithms and weighted overlays were used to categorise irrigation water quality into a number of zones. The IWQ zonation analysis revealed that about 10% (42.15 km2) of the total area had water quality unsuitable for irrigation thereby potentially exposing a population of 35744 people from 110 villages to health risks, whereas the remaining 91.31% (393 km2) of the study area is considered to have suitable irrigation water. The villages of Nawapara, Sehara and Deucha have been particularly affected by poor water quality, potentially exposing 294 (100%), 114 (97%) and 1556 (87.76%) of the total village population, respectively, to health effects. Combined efforts of government agencies and NGOs in educating the local communities regarding artificial groundwater recharge, rainwater harvesting, watershed management can play a crucial role in the long run in minimising the potential impacts of poor water quality in these areas.

Inferring the fluoride hydrogeochemistry and effect of consuming fluoride-contaminated drinking water on human health in some endemic areas of Birbhum district, West Bengal

Environmental geochemistry and health, Jan 12, 2015

This research work is carried out to evaluate fluoride (F) hydrogeochemistry and its effect on th... more This research work is carried out to evaluate fluoride (F) hydrogeochemistry and its effect on the population of two endemic villages of Birbhum district, West Bengal. Fluoride concentration in drinking water varies from 0.33 to 18.08 mg/L. Hydrogeochemical evolution suggests that ion-exchange mechanism is the major controlling factor for releasing F in the groundwater. Most of the groundwater samples are undersaturated with respect to calcite and fluorite. Health survey shows that out of 235 people, 142 people suffer from dental fluorosis. According to fluoride impact severity, almost 80 and 94 % people in an age group of 11-20 and 41-50 suffer from dental and skeletal fluorosis, respectively. Statistically drinking water F has a positive correlation with dental and skeletal fluorosis. Bone mineral density test reveals that 33 and 45 % of the studied population suffer from osteopenic and osteoporosis disease. IQ test also signifies that F has a bearing on the intelligence developme...

Fluoride hydrogeochemistry in alluvial aquifer: an implication to chemical weathering and ion-exchange phenomena

Environmental Earth Sciences, 2014

Fluoride (F−) concentration in some parts of the quaternary alluvial aquifer of Birbhum district,... more Fluoride (F−) concentration in some parts of the quaternary alluvial aquifer of Birbhum district, West Bengal, India varies from 0.31 to 13.61 mg/L with an average of 3.13 mg/L. High F− groundwater mostly belongs to Na-HCO3 type. Isotopic signature suggests that most of the groundwater having fast recharge component either from flowing canals or rainfall, contains relatively less F− (<2 mg/L) and relatively depleted δ18O content (δ18O: −5 to −4 ‰). On the other hand, some of the groundwaters having relatively depleted δ18O (−4 to −3 ‰) do exhibit F− in the range of 4–13 mg/L. Average ratio of Na+/Na+ + K+ (0.69) and Cl−/Cl− + HCO3− (0.25) with average TDS (267.5 mg/L) represents that the weathering of aquifer sediments or sediment–water interaction primarily controls the major ion chemistry particularly F− concentration of groundwater in this region. This idea is further strengthened by the relationship between Na+ + K+ and total cations (TZ+) and Na/Cl molar ratio. Moreover, groundwater is under saturated with respect to amorphous silica (average SISiO2(a) = −0.64), while all water samples are either saturated or super saturated with respect to quartz (average SIquartz = 0.66). Mineral stability diagrams for the NaO–H2O–Al2O3–SiO2 and K2O–H2O–Al2O3–SiO2 systems suggest that most stable silicate mineral phase in the aquifers is kaolinite, suggesting that semi-arid nature of the study area and intermediated flow condition may give rise to kaolinite. Sample falling in kaolinite stability field indicates that the hydrolysis of some alumino-silicate minerals, such as albite and biotite, is responsible for the formation of HCO3−, Na+ and K+ which are dominant in the groundwaters. This ultimately leads to higher rate of ion exchange of F− from biotite- and muscovite-rich aquifer matrix to groundwater of the study area.

Source and distribution of Lead, Cadmium, Iron and Manganese in the river Damodar near Asansol Industrial Area, West Bengal, India

International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2012

The present study deals with the characterization of industrial wastewater and its impact on wate... more The present study deals with the characterization of industrial wastewater and its impact on water and sediment of river Damodar near Asansol industrial area. The objective of the study is to characterize the industrial wastewater, determination the heavy metal distribution in water and surface sediments of the analyzing river. The concentrations of lead (Pb) ranged 8. ; cadmium (Cd) 0.21-2.712, 0.235-1.653 (µg l-1 and mg/kg) in water and sediment respectively. Measured concentrations of heavy metals in surface sediment were used to estimate the geochemical load indices and to study their spatial distribution. Various metal pollution indices has been applied to access the pollution load of different sampling sites. The levels of enrichment factors (EFs), geoaccumulation (Igeo) and Pollution load index (PLI) ranged 0.005-10.221, -8.167-2.769 and 0.158-0.684, respectively. Pollution load index (PLI) and index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) revealed overall low values but the enrichment factors (EFs) for Cd and Pb were high, and this reflects the intensity of anthropogenic inputs related to industrial discharge into the river system.

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Assessment of groundwater potential zones using GIS technique

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2009

A case study was conducted to find out the groundwater potential zones in Kattakulathur block, Ta... more A case study was conducted to find out the groundwater potential zones in Kattakulathur block, Tamil Nadu, India with an aerial extent of 360.60 km2. The thematic maps such as geology, geomorphology, soil hydrological group, land use / land cover and drainage map were prepared for the study area. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been generated from the 10 m interval contour lines (which is derived from SOI, Toposheet 1:25000 scale) and obtained the slope (%) of the study area. The groundwater potential zones were obtained by overlaying all the thematic maps in terms of weighted overlay methods using the spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS 9.2. During weighted overlay analysis, the ranking has been given for each individual parameter of each thematic map and weights were assigned according to the influence such as soil −25%, geomorphology − 25%, land use/land cover −25%, slope − 15%, lineament − 5% and drainage / streams − 5% and find out the potential zones in terms of good, moderate and poor zones with the area of 49.70 km2, 261.61 km2 and 46.04 km2 respectively. The potential zone wise study area was overlaid with village boundary map and the village wise groundwater potential zones with three categories such as good, moderate and poor zones were obtained. This GIS based output result was validated by conducting field survey by randomly selecting wells in different villages using GPS instruments. The coordinates of each well location were obtained by GPS and plotted in the GIS platform and it was clearly shown that the well coordinates were exactly seated with the classified zones.

Effect of air-borne heavy metals on the biochemical signature of tree species in an industrial region, with an emphasis on anticipated performance index

Chemistry and Ecology, 2011

... PS, Gaghate, DG and Nema, P. 2005. Inventory of SO , PM and toxic emissions from industrial s... more

Fluoride enrichment in an alluvial aquifer with its subsequent effect on human health in Birbhum district, West Bengal, India

Chemosphere, 2017

This research work primarily deals with the geochemistry and genesis of fluoride (F(-)) in an all... more This research work primarily deals with the geochemistry and genesis of fluoride (F(-)) in an alluvial aquifer with an emphasis on prevalence of dental and skeletal fluorosis among the endemic population. Hydrogeochemical outcomes reveal that chemical weathering and ion-exchange phenomena are the two dominant processes that make study area groundwater into NaHCO3 water type. Presence of intercalated zeolite rich sediments (FTotal 412-446 mg/kg) having higher ion-exchange capacity (120-125 meq/100 g) within the aquifer is the source and mobilizing factors of F(-) in groundwater respectively. Laboratory experiment further justifies higher desorption potential of aquifer sediments at the groundwater pH of 6.5-7.5. Health survey reveals that out of 235 studied population 60% suffer from dental fluorosis while females >30 years of age became exposed early to osteoporosis disease.

Analyzing and predicting the criteria pollutants over a tropical urban area by using statistical models

Modeling and prediction of criteria pollutants over the urban areas is essential for the formulat... more Modeling and prediction of criteria pollutants over the urban areas is essential for the formulation and improvisation of urban air quality management strategies. Various statistical techniques have been employed worldwide for accurate prediction of the air pollutants. This study focuses on the analysis and prediction of the criteria pollutants over a tropical urban area (Durgapur, 23 30′ 34.58″ N and 87 21′ 03.42″ E) performed by using statistical models viz. multiple linear regression (MLR) and principal component regression (PCR). Multiple linear regression analyses have been performed using the original variables and principal components (PCs) as the inputs. On the basis of the performance indicators, MLR model is found to perform better than the PCR in most cases. The R 2 values obtained by MLR are 0.962, 0.945, 0.898, 0.937, 0.603, 0.874, 0.871, 0.837, 0.858, 0.868, 0.842 and 0.825 for PM 10 , PM 2.5 , sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, ozone, benzene...

Rising Trend of Air Pollution and Its Decadal Consequences on Meteorology and Thermal Comfort Over Gangetic West Bengal, India

Environmental Challenges and Solutions, 2021

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