samuel sahile

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Papers by samuel sahile

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in faba bean

African Crop Science Journal, 2010

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the earliest domesticated food legumes in Ethiopia and is now... more

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In vitro Screening and Characterizing the Most Promising Antagonistic Microorganism as Biocontrol Agent(s) Against Colletotrichum kahawae

European Journal of Experimental Biology

Impact of Water Hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) (Pontederiaceae) in Lake Tana Ethiopia: A Review

Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development

Assessment of Sesame Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas Campestris Pv. Sesami) on Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in North Gondar, Ethiopia

ABC Journal of Advanced Research

Sesame is one of the important oil crops in Ethiopia for the international market while its produ... more Sesame is one of the important oil crops in Ethiopia for the international market while its production has challenged by lack of appropriate agronomic practices, weather uncertainties, weeds, insects and diseases outbreaks. Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris PV. sesami is the most common and inflicts heavy qualitative and quantitative losses. The objectives of the present study were to assess bacterial blight incidence, severity and its association with agronomic practices in north Gondar Ethiopia. A Field survey was conducted in Metema and Mirab Armachiho in 2014 cropping season at flowering and fruiting growth stages. A total of 80 fields were assessed for the disease assessment from both large and small-scale farmers. Data on prevalence, incidence, severity and, management practices have been recorded. All surveyed fields were infected both at flowering and fruiting stage of the crop. Mean incidence over the two districts varied from 78% at Metema to 96.5% at ...

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Review on the Impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Climate Changes in Ethiopia

Journal of Climatology & Weather Forecasting

Climate change is approximately positively the preponderance difficult and tricky environmental p... more Climate change is approximately positively the preponderance difficult and tricky environmental problem opposite the earth today. Outstanding to El Nino Southern Oscillation effect on climates especially mounting stage of temperature, heat intensity, changed level of precipitation, seasonal droughts and cyclones, floods and forest fires become clear evidence that the climate change Africa (UNFCCC, 2007). The review was aimed the impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate changes especially temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours Ethiopia. The negative impact of ENSO in Amhara Region, the concentration of precipitation, temperature and sunshine hours disturbed. El Niño Southern Oscillation the harmful property of climate change, this impact on agriculture production such as socio-economic, cultural, political, biological, ecological and institutional that shapes the humanenvironment interactions. El Niño cause comprehensive droughts in Ethiopia. These droughts were following by food shortage and sustaining disarray that resulted in fundamental secession, and a massive program of population redeployment. The consequences of government-imposed migration policies, whose catalyst was the climate unpredictability cause by repeated El Niño events, were changes in the ethnic composition of positive Ethiopian region and changes in the geographic pattern of inhabitant's growth Climate El Niño Ethiopia immigration Cartographic symbol.

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Water purification and antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam

Agriculture & Food Security

Background: Plants are rich in secondary metabolites and are being used for the treatment of vari... more Background: Plants are rich in secondary metabolites and are being used for the treatment of various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. Many developing countries are facing illnesses, and deaths among children are caused by germs, which get into the mouth via water and food. In addition, it has been estimated that up to 80% of all disease and sickness in the world is caused by inadequate sanitation, polluted water or unavailability of water. Thus, this study investigates the water purifying property of Moringa oleifera seed powder and determines the role of seed extracts against a few bacterial growths.

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Integrated management of faba bean chocolate spot caused by Botrytis fabae in Gondar, Ethiopia

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection

Differential Sensitivity of Pisum sativum L. Cultivars to Water-deficit Stress: Changes in Growth, Water Status, Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Gas Exchange Attributes

Journal of Agronomy, 2016

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Microbial Spectrum of Fruit in Gondar town Markets, North Western Ethiopia

Journal of Microbiology Research, 2013

Fresh fruits pro mote good health. They are highly perishable and affected by d ifferent microbia... more Fresh fruits pro mote good health. They are highly perishable and affected by d ifferent microbial contaminates fro m production up to consumption. The objective of this study was to evaluate the important microbial spectrum of selected fruits and their management fro m Gondar town market. A total of 64 fru it samples were analy zed and pathogens were detection from the wash and the peel of fru its. The mean aerobic mesophillic count (AMC) ranged fro m 4.7x10 8 to 2.5x10 10 fro m the wash and from 2.96x10 5 to 3.2x10 9 fro m the peel. The total coliform count (TCC) ranged fro m 6.64x10 3 to 4.89x10 4 fro m the wash and 3.12x10 3 to 5.95x10 3 fro m the peel. Mold and yeast count ranged from1.63x10 3 to 3.46x10 4 fro m the wash and 8.03x10 2 to 1.32x10 3 fro m the peel. There was statistical significance difference regarding to AMC, TCC and mold and yeast count between the wash and the peel. Fro m 64 samples E. co li was found in 31(48.4%) of fruits, Pseudomonas aeroginosa was isolated fro m 13 (20.3 %) samples, Salmonella was detected fro m 25(39.1%) samples, Staphylococcus aureus was identified fro m 35 (54.68%) samples, Sh igella was found in 10 (15.6 %) samples. Majority of pathogens were sensitive to gentamicin and tetracycline. Market, conditions that favor contamination fro m poor hygiene of the venders, using microbial unsafe container poor handling practice and poor environmental conditions such as sanitarily unsafe marketing environment were identified.

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In vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Zehneria scabra and Ricinus communis against Escherichia coli and methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

ABSTRACT In vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Zehneria scabra and Ricinus communis... more

Isolation and characterization of potential aerobic bacteria capable for pyridine degradation in presence of picoline, phenol and formaldehyde as co-pollutants

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2009

Pyridine, heterocyclic aromatic compound is known to be toxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic to se... more Pyridine, heterocyclic aromatic compound is known to be toxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic to several living organisms. In this study, two aerobic bacteria ITR-CEM1 and ITRCEM2 capable for pyridine degradation were isolated and characterized as Bacillus cereus (DQ435020) and Alcaligenes faecalis (DQ435021), respectively. For pyridine degradation, mixed bacterial culture was found more effective compared to axenic culture ITRCEM1 and ITRCEM2 degrading 94.23, 67.84, and 83.35% pyridine, respectively, at 144 h incubation period at pH 7.0 ± 0.1, temp 37 ± 2°C and shaking rate 125 rpm in MSM containing 1% glucose and 0.2% peptone as carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. The presence of phenol and formaldehyde in MSM has shown inhibitory effect on pyridine degradation whereas picoline has favored the bacterial growths and pyridine degradation. Further, the HPLC analysis has shown the reduction in peaks compared to controls, indicating that reduction in peak area might be largely attributed to the bacterial degradation of pyridine by bacterial catabolic enzymes.

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Effect of mixed cropping and fungicides on chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) of faba bean (Vicia faba) in Ethiopia

Crop Protection, 2008

The effects of four cropping systems: faba bean (FB) alone , FB mixed with field pea (FB:FP), wit... more The effects of four cropping systems: faba bean (FB) alone , FB mixed with field pea (FB:FP), with barley (FB:BA) and maize (FB:MA), and three spray intervals of fungicide (mancozeb) applied at 7, 14 and 21 days at the rate of 2.5kga.i.ha−1 and unsprayed control on FB chocolate spot caused by Botrytis fabae were studied in two cultivars. The experiment

Survey of chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) disease of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and assessment of factors influencing disease epidemics in northern Ethiopia

Crop Protection, 2008

Field surveys were conducted in northern Ethiopia during the 2004 and 2005 cropping seasons to de... more

In vitro Antagonistic Potential of Fungal Isolates Against Botrytis fabae Sard

Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 2013

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Assessment of potential antagonists for anthracnose ( Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ) disease of mango ( Mangifera indica L.) in North Western Ethiopia (Pawe)

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2014

ABSTRACT Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is considered as one of the most popular fruits among millio... more ABSTRACT Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is considered as one of the most popular fruits among millions of people in the tropical area and increasingly in the developed countries. Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the most important pre- and post-harvest disease of mango. The objective of this research was to evaluate the prevalence of different promising antagonistic Trichoderma and Bacillus spp. on phyloplane of mango in Ethiopia and to evaluate their antagonistic potential against the pathogen. A total of 19 mango fields were surveyed and anthracnose affected all fields. Culture studies on potato dextrose agar for evaluation of antibiosis activity of Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus spp. revealed that they have inhibitory and lytic effect on C. gloeosporioides, which is an indication of their potential biocontrol agent for management of mango anthracnose as an alternative to chemical control. Significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were observed among Bacillus isolates in causing lysis of pathogen mycelium, when inoculated on actively growing colony of C. gloeosporioides. Maximum reduction in growth rate of pathogen was observed with Bacillus spp. (B50), which restricted the growth to 2.7 mm compared to 8.3 mm in the control with 67.5% efficacies. There were similar effects (p &lt; 0.05) among Trichoderma spp. in formation of inhibition zones and lysis by varying degrees up to 59.7% efficacies in reducing linear growth of the pathogen in dual culture. Keywords: Anthracnose; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; Trichoderma; Bacillus; Mangifera indica L.

Pathogenic and genetic diversity of Botrytis fabae Sand. isolates from faba bean fields in different agro-ecological zones of Northern Ethiopia

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2012

The identity and genetic diversity of the causal agent of chocolate spot (Botrytis cinerea or Bot... more The identity and genetic diversity of the causal agent of chocolate spot (Botrytis cinerea or Botrytis fabae) in Ethiopia is still poorly defined and this hinders efforts aimed at integrated management of the disease, especially breeding for resistance. Chocolate spot disease epidemics are more severe in the moist, humid western districts of northern Ethiopia (NW) compared to the sub-humid eastern

Yield loss of faba bean ( Vicia faba ) due to chocolate spot ( Botrytis fabae ) in sole and mixed cropping systems in Ethiopia

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2010

... Samuel Sahilea*, Chemeda Fininsaa, PK Sakhujaa and Seid Ahmedb ... diseases are chocolate spo... more

Bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water sources in a rural community of Ethiopia

African Health Sciences, 2014

Background: Accesses to safe water is a universal need however, many of the world's population la... more Background: Accesses to safe water is a universal need however, many of the world's population lack access to adequate and safe water. Consumption of water contaminated causes health risk to the public and the situation is serous in rural areas. Objectives: To assess the bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water sources in a rural community of Ethiopia. Methods: Water samples were collected from tap, open springs, open dug wells and protected springs for bacteriological analysis of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms. The turbidity, pH and temperature were measured immediately after collection. Results: Most drinking water sources were found to have coliform counts above the recommended national and international guidelines and had high sanitary risk scores. There was a statistically significant difference among water sources with respect to TC and TTC (p < 0.05) and there was a statistically significant positive correlation between coliform counts and sanitary risk scores (p < 0.01). Most water sources didn't satisfy the turbidity values recommended by WHO. Conclusion: The water sources were heavily contaminated which suggested poor protection and sanitation practice in the water sources. Source protection strategies as well as monitoring are recommend for this community.

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