pilar baeza

Follower

Following

Public Views

Interests

Uploads

Papers by pilar baeza

El legado de los abuelos agricultores

Aprendizaje, Innovación y Cooperación como impulsores del cambio metodológico, 2019

Resumen-El aprendizaje-servicio se trata de una metodología educativa que combina en una sola act... more Resumen-El aprendizaje-servicio se trata de una metodología educativa que combina en una sola actividad el aprendizaje de contenidos, competencias y valores con la realización de tareas de servicio a la comunidad. En este sentido, el proyecto realizado tuvo como objetivo principal poner en contacto a alumnos del Grado de

Download

Drought adaptation strategies of four grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.): modification of the properties of the leaf area

OENO One, 2003

This essay studies the morphological and anatomical properties of the leaves of Garnacha tinta, T... more This essay studies the morphological and anatomical properties of the leaves of Garnacha tinta, Tempranillo, Chardonnay and Airén grapevines in order to discover the drought adaptation strategies present in Vitis vinifera L. The grapevines were grown under two water availability conditions: water limitation and non-water limitation. There was a significantly lower development of leaf area under conditions of water limitation compared to non-water limitation due to a reduction in the size of main and lateral shoot leaves, and a smaller number of leaves on lateral shoots. The development of the leaf area under water limitation conditions occurred on earlier dates than under non-water limitation conditions. Significantly lower stomatal density was observed under water limitation conditions rather than non-water limitation conditions exclusively in the Airén cultivar.

Download

Sistemas de conducción del viñedo

Balance of phothosythetic active radiations in vineyard: methos and applications

This study describes a simple and rapid method for calculating the absorbed radiation (Ra) for th... more This study describes a simple and rapid method for calculating the absorbed radiation (Ra) for the vineyard. The methodology Grancha-Varlet et al. (1989) was used to take into account plant and soil through four radiation components: incident, transmitted through the plant, reflected by the ground and reflected by soil and plant grouped together. Besides this, an approximation to Ra through the balance of radiation intercepted (Rit), a measure which is faster to take since it does not consider the reflected radiation, was validated. At the stage of maturation the four components of Ra were measured on to a VSP trellis oriented N-S in the Madrid region (Spain), one on a cv. Tempranillo (2003) and another on a cv. Cabernet Sauvignon (2005). Ra measured throughout the day was 3 to 5% higher than Rit. Thus, Rit is a correct simplification of Ra which reduces the execution times therefore allowing an increase in the number of repetitions.

Effects of 4 Moderate Water Regimes on Seasonal Changes in Vineyard Evapotranspiration and Dry Matter Production Under Semi-Arid Conditions

I ISHS Workshop on Water Relations of Grapevines, 1999

AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRACIANO, PETIT VERDOT AND TEMPRANILLO GRAPEVINE CULTIVARS (Vitis vinifera L.) UNDER TWO WATER REGIMES

ABSTRACT For the last decades Spanish vineyard has experienced a deep transformation by allowing ... more ABSTRACT For the last decades Spanish vineyard has experienced a deep transformation by allowing irrigation, changing the traditional bush into a possible full mechanized VSP and cultivar changing map was also took into account. Tempranillo has led the change to replace the white grapevines, such as in La Mancha; however results in these warm areas were not as expected. Under these conditions, low yield, low acidity and uncouple sacharimetric and phenol maturity usually is obtained. Within this frame an experimental trial was set up with the goal to know other cultivars that could better perform than Tempranillo in warm areas in a sustainable viticulture. The agronomic performance of Graciano, Tempranillo and Petit Verdot was studied under two water regimes for years in a row (2007-2010). Optimal water supply (I1) was established around Ψl&gt;-1.2MPa during maturation, while restricted water availability was set down to Ψl&gt;-14MPa (I2), both around midday. When statistic differences arose, Graciano yielded the highest as due to both higher berries per cluster and berry weight. Tempranillo had the highest vegetative development as expressed through pruning weight or leaf area indexes under optimal or deficit water availability. These made Tempranillo to hasten berry maturity while Graciano and Petit verdot need some more weeks. Differences in sugar content were found, Graciano hardly ripen when the season is not hot which makes this cultivar up to very warm areas. Tempranillo had the lowest acidity and highest pH. Phenol content was the highest for Petit verdot and Graciano – when maturation was completed – while Tempranillo had the lowest.

Radiation Balance in Vineyards

Methodologies and Results in Grapevine Research, 2010

... ETSI Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain e-mail:pilar.baeza@up... more

Relationships among Ambient Temperature and Vapor Pressure Deficit and Leaf and Stem Water Potentials of Fully Irrigated, Field-Grown Grapevines

American Journal of Enology and Viticulture

... Larry E. Williams 1 ,* and Pilar Baeza 2 ... Acknowledgments: LE Williams thanks Steve Carter... more

Caracterización ecofisiologica y evaluación agronomica de diferentes sistemas de conducción del viñedo (Vitis vinifera L.) en regadío

Download

Ecophysiological and Agronomic Response of Tempranillo Grapevines to Four Training Systems

American Journal of Enology and Viticulture

... Literature Cited. ↵ Auvray, A., P. Baeza, C. Ruiz, and CM González-Padierna. 1999. ... J. Am.... more

Water-stress induced physiological changes in leaves of four container-grown grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.)

Predawn leaf water potential, night respiration, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosy... more Predawn leaf water potential, night respiration, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis of 4 grapevine cultivars were assessed under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in July, August and September 1994. Predawn leaf water potential was not significantly related to either stomatal conductance or photosynthesis. Water stress induced distinct stomatal closure in all cultivars at 11 a.m. For a given stomatal conductance rate, photosynthesis of stressed vines was lower than that of nonstressed vines. At similar stomatal conductance rate, photosynthesis was lower in cv. Chardonnay than in any other cultivar. Photosynthesis was the physiological parameter mostly affected by water stress. Dry matter production was linearly related to stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and the night respiration to photosynthesis ratio for all vines pooled together. In contrast, under stress conditions dry matter production was not related to any physiological parameter.

Download

Effect of previous water conditions on vine response to rewatering

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research, 2007

A comparative study of stomatal responses to rewatering was conducted on grapevines previously su... more A comparative study of stomatal responses to rewatering was conducted on grapevines previously subjected to conditions of water stress and no water stress. Two cultivars were grown in 35 L lysimeters: 'Airen', from the dry zone of La Mancha, and 'Chardonnay', from the humid zone of Burgundy. The day after rewatering no significant differences in soil water content were found between water treatments or cultivars. However, predawn leaf water potential was significantly higher under non-stress than under stressed conditions, differences between cultivars were also found. Water consumption during the 5 d after rewatering was directly related to vine leaf area development. Vines grown under water stress conditions showed more uniform stomatal behaviour after rewatering. One day after rewatering rates of leaf conductance, transpiration and net photosynthesis were significantly higher in non-stressed vines, while 3 d after rewatering leaf conductance and transpiration were...

Download

Effects of Vine Water Status on Yield Components, Vegetative Response and Must and Wine Composition

Advances in Grape and Wine Biotechnology, 2019

Despite Vitis vinifera L. is a drought-tolerant species-rainfed traditionally grown in a very div... more Despite Vitis vinifera L. is a drought-tolerant species-rainfed traditionally grown in a very diversity of climates-irrigation has more and more become a usual practice aimed to obtain regular yields along seasons and to control must composition. Results on vineyard irrigation are dependent on the timing, length and intensity of the water deficit. From budbreak to flowering, shoot growth is very sensitive to water stress, while reproductive growth is almost unaffected. Severe water deficit during fruit set can reduce yield by affecting ovary cell multiplication and expansion. During maturation water stress induces yield reduction by limiting berry growth; along this phase must composition is also affected. There is a positive, linear relationship between must sugar content and available water; however, no relationship has been found to either total acidity or pH. Biosynthesis of anthocyanins and fruity aromas is enhanced by water deficit. Usually, wines from moderate irrigation treatments scored the highest. There is a general agreement that severe, long water deficits diminish must quality, leaf area, fertility and yield, and it has a negative carryover effect on the next seasons by limiting wood reserves to be used the following seasons.

Download

Relationship between Soil and Plant Water Status in Wine Grapes under Various Water Deficit Regimes

HortTechnology, 2010

Limited water supply in arid and semiarid Mediterranean environments demands improving irrigation... more Limited water supply in arid and semiarid Mediterranean environments demands improving irrigation efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine a functional relationship between soil water availability and wine grape (Vitis vinifera) water status to determine a threshold value of soil matric potential to trigger irrigation. Seasonal trends of soil water potential, leaf water potential, and stomatal conductance (gS) of ‘Tempranillo’ wine grape were determined in two deficit irrigation treatments replenishing 45% and 30% of the reference evapotranspiration, and in a third non-irrigated treatment during 2001 and 2002. Soil water potential was measured with granular matrix soil moisture sensors placed at 0.3 m (Ψ0.3), 0.6 m (Ψ0.6), and 1.2 m (Ψ1.2) depths. The sensors at 0.3 m depth quickly responded to irrigation by increasing Ψ0.3 levels. At the 0.6 m depth, Ψ0.6 progressively decreased, showing significant differences between T1 and the rest of the treatments, while no signi...

Download

Balance of Photosynthetic Active Radiations in Vineyard: Method and Applications

Le Progres Agricole Et Viticole, 2010

Cette etude decrit une methode simple et rapide pour calculer le rayonnement absorbe (Ra) dans le... more Cette etude decrit une methode simple et rapide pour calculer le rayonnement absorbe (Ra) dans le vignoble pour les radiations actives sur la photosynthese (PAR). La methodologie de Varlet-Grancher et al. (1989) a ete utilisee pour prendre en compte la plante et le sol a partir des 4 composantes de la radiation: incidente, transmise a travers de la vigne, reflechie par le sol et reflechie par l'ensemble du vignoble. De plus, une mesure de la Ra a partir du bilan de rayonnement intercepte (Rit), mesure qui est plus rapide a effectuer puisqu'elle ne tient pas compte des rayonnements reflechis, a ete validee. Pendant la maturation du raisin, les 4 composantes de la Ra ont ete mesurees sur un Espalier oriente N-S dans la region de Madrid (Espagne), avec le cepage Tempranillo (2003) et avec le cepage Cabernet-Sauvignon (2005). La Ra mesuree pendant le jour a ete de 3 a 5% superieure au Rit. Donc le Rit est une simplification correcte de la Ra, ce qui reduit le temps d'execution et permet donc d'effectuer un plus grand nombre de repetitions. Il permet aussi une estimation commode de l'indice foliaire (LAI).

Effects of water stress on dry matter content and partitioning in four grapevine cultivars (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.)

OENO One, 2005

Three-year-old grapevines of four cultivars (Garnacha tinta (Grenache noir), Tempranillo, Chardon... more Three-year-old grapevines of four cultivars (Garnacha tinta (Grenache noir), Tempranillo, Chardonnay and Airén) were grown on 35 L container under full irrigation and restricted irrigation conditions in order to determine the effect of water stress on carbohydrate allocation. Total grapevine dry matter was measured at pruning, fruitset, veraison and harvest. Roots, wood, shoots, leaves and clusters were dried separately. Shoots were the most affected organs by water stress, while wood was the least affected. Vines under water stress partitioned more dry matter to wood and roots to the detriment of fruits and shoots. The period from fruitset to veraison was the most active for dry matter accumulation under conditions of stress, whereas non-water stressed vines accumulated more dry matter from veraison to harvest. Under both irrigation treatments, fruits competed with roots for dry matter partitioning. Irrigation treatment and cultivar determined fruit size. Fruit size determined dry matter partitioning between organs and the dry matter accumulation pattern. Résumé : Quatre cépages (Grenache noir, Tempranillo, Chardonnay et Airén) greffés sur 1103 Paulsen ont été cultivés dans des conditions d'irrigation normale et sous contrainte hydrique. L'objectif du travail est de comprendre le rôle de l'eau en relation avec l'allocation du carbone dans les différents organes de la plante. Les bilans de matière sèche totale ont été réalisés en hiver (au moment de la taille), durant la croissance herbacée des fruits, à la véraison et à la maturité vendange. Les racines, le tronc, les sarments, les feuilles et les fruits ont été déshydratés séparément. Les vignes ont été cultivées en containers de 35 litres (l) dans un substrat homogène. Nous avons pu observer une différence importante de la répartition de la matière sèche entre les plants. L'effet de la contrainte hydrique sur l'allocation du carbone dépend du cépage. Les rameaux en croissance ont subi plus fortement la contrainte hydrique comparés aux parties pérennes aériennes. Les vignes sous contrainte hydrique ont réparti plus de matière sèche dans les organes pérennes au détriment des fruits et des bourgeons. Les vignes ayant subi une contrainte hydrique présentent une dynamique différente de répartition de la matière sèche. La période entre la nouaison et la véraison s'est avérée la plus active pour l'accumulation de la matière sèche en condition de contrainte hydrique, alors que les vignes sans contrainte hydrique ont accumulé plus de matière sèche dans les racines entre la véraison et la maturité vendange. Pour les vignes soumises aux deux types d'irrigation, les fruits ont fait concurrence aux racines pour la distribution de la matière sèche. La croissance du fruit dépend de la quantité d'eau apportée l'état hydrique de la plante et du cépage. L'allocation du carbone entre les organes dépend à la fois du niveau de la contrainte hydrique et du cépage.

Download

Comparison of different methods of grapevine yield prediction in the time window between fruitset and veraison

OENO One, 2015

Aim: To compare grape yield prediction methods to determine which provide the best results in ter... more Aim: To compare grape yield prediction methods to determine which provide the best results in terms of earliness of prediction in the growing season, accuracy and precision.Methods and results: The grape yields predicted by six models – one for use at fruitset (FS), two for use at veraison (V1 and V2), and three for use during the lag phase (LP40, LP50 and LP60) – were compared to field-measured yields. Regressions for the yield predicted by each model were constructed. The V1 and V2 models had the highest R2 (0.75) and efficiency index (EF; 0.67-0.71) and the lowest RMSE values (±16-17%, or <0.5 kg per m of row). The FS model had the same or similar R2 (0.58), EF (0.06) and RMSE (±30%, or <0.83 kg per m of row) values as the LP models, but allowed yield predictions to be made one month earlier.Conclusion: The validated FS, V1 and V2 models are all useful in predicting grape yields and could be used to accurately forecast (with different errors) grape yields at either early or...

Download

Efectos del déficit hídrico en pre-envero sobre la composición de vinos tintos jóvenes (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Cabernet sauvignon) en Madrid. España

El cultivo de vid en zonas cálidas y secas, habitualmente compromete el crecimiento de la baya as... more El cultivo de vid en zonas cálidas y secas, habitualmente compromete el crecimiento de la baya así como el de su composición, y por lo tanto la de sus vinos, y en particular su composición fenólica. Como consecuencia del cambio climático, existen desfases en la madurez de las uvas, dificultando en ocasiones la obtención de uvas con taninos suficientes y maduros y con buenas sensaciones gustativas y aromáticas para vinos de calidad. Este ensayo tiene como objetivo estudiar posibles herramientas a utilizar para atenuar dichos efectos, estimulando el metabolismo y crecimiento mediante la aplicación de distintas estrategias de riego. Durante los períodos de crecimiento 2010 y 2011, se establecieron cuatro estrategias de riego: i) déficit moderado continuo (T0,45-0,6), ii) déficit severo continuo (T0-0,3), iii) déficit severo despúes de envero (T0,45-0,3), iv) déficit severo antes de envero (T0-0,6). Se llevaron a cabo las microvinificaciones correspondientes a las tres repeticiones de cada uno de los tratamientos y se realizaron los análisis de los vinos resultantes una vez finalizada la fermentación alcohólica, impidiendo el inicio de la fermentación maloláctica. A pesar de que en el análisis interanual, no hay efectos significativos de los tratamientos en la composición básica del vino, a excepción de la concentración de ácido málico, sí se observó en la relación entre peso de baya y composición polifenólica del vino, una menor concentración de antocianos a medida que la baya incrementa su tamaño. Palabras clave: Cabernet sauvignon, composición, riego, vino tinto, cambio climático. Effects of pre-veraison water deficit on Cabernet sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) wine composition in Madrid. Spain.

Download

Cumulative effects of water deficit (2002-2006) on vegetative growth and yield in Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines

Vine performance on yield, vegetative growth and berry composition were monitored on three defici... more Vine performance on yield, vegetative growth and berry composition were monitored on three deficit irrigation regimes under Mediterranean conditions on a vineyard at SE Madrid County (Spain). The trial was carried out along 2002-2006 seasons on Cabernet-Sauvignon grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto SO4 rootstock. Plants were vertically shoot positioned. Distance between plants in the row was 1.1 m and rows were 2.5 m apart. Three water regimes were settled: rainfed (T0), and two irrigation treatments with a proportional quantity to reference (ETo) 20% (T20) and 45% (T45). Shoot load was identical for all treatments. Irrigation was trigger was shoot growth rate almost ceased. Surface area (SA), yield components, pruning weight, and berry composition were measured. Predawn leaf water potential, midday leaf water potential and leaf water potential for daily maximum photosynthesis rate were used as plant water status indicators. Leaf water potentials decreased along the season b...

Food science fermentation practice at laboratory conditions

This work aimed to develop a food science fermentation process in a university laboratory. Food t... more This work aimed to develop a food science fermentation process in a university laboratory. Food technology teachers normally experiment problems when they reproduce food science industrial processes in their subject practices. These problems usually are limited budgets, lack of adequate industrial facilities or student distractions when practices are developed by massive groups. We think that this work could inspire other teachers to reproduce other complex processes in a regular laboratory. This food science practice consists on a micro-fermentation method that reproduces a real fermentation process at a laboratory scale. For that purpose we use materials such us a micro-glass tank with a fermentation valve installed, food additives (such us sulfur dioxide), commercial dehydrated yeast, Buchner funnel equipped with filter flask, vacuum pump, refrigerator, glass bottles , corks... During fermentation process students are able to control basic parameters monitored at industrial level...

pilar baeza

Uploads

Papers by pilar baeza

Log In