Integrated plant nutrient management system (IPNMS) is an approach to optimize the nutrient requi... more Integrated plant nutrient management system (IPNMS) is an approach to optimize the nutrient requirement of plants by managing soil on sustainable basis (Roy et al., 2006). The IPNMS seeks for both, increase in agricultural production and sustaining the resources for the future generations. It is a strategy to utilize and manage the organic and inorganic plant nutrient sources for improving crop productivity and soil quality (Peter et al., 2000; Rajamanickam et al., 2011). Chemical fertilizers are considered as a compulsory component for crop production. The continuous and excess application not only reduces the profitability but deteriorates environment quality. Therefore, to get the maximum economic output, it is imperative to use organic nutrient sources in combination with chemical fertilizers. The use organic nutrient sources (such as farm yard manure, poultry manure, etc.) in combination with chemical fertilizers is helpful for improving soil health and sustaining crop producti...
Untreated wastewater used for irrigating crops is the major source of toxic heavy metals and othe... more Untreated wastewater used for irrigating crops is the major source of toxic heavy metals and other pollutants in soils. These heavy metals affect plant growth and deteriorate the quality of edible parts of growing plants. Phytohormone (IAA) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can reduce the toxicity of metals by stabilizing them in soil. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the IAA and EPS-producing rhizobacterial strains for improving growth, physiology, and antioxidant activity of Brassica juncea (L.) under Cd-stress. Results showed that Cd-stress significantly decreased the growth and physiological parameters of mustard plants. Inoculation with Cd-tolerant, IAA and EPS-producing rhizobacterial strains, however, significantly retrieved the inhibitory effects of Cd-stress on mustard growth, and physiology by up regulating antioxidant enzyme activities. Higher Cd accumulation and proline content was observed in the roots and shoot ...
The present solution culture experiments were conducted in a bid to screen ten eucalyptus species... more The present solution culture experiments were conducted in a bid to screen ten eucalyptus species for their growth response to salinity in the rooting environment. Three months old seedlings were grown with and without 150 mol m -3 NaCl salinity in a solution culture experiment for eight weeks. Species differed significantly for plant height, shoot and root dry weights at both salinity levels. Increased NaCl salinity significantly suppressed shoot and root biomass with varying degrees. Two species viz. E. camaldulensis (Salt sensitive) and E. occidentalis (Salt tolerant) were selected on the basis of their relative shoot dry weight. Both of these species were further grown in solution culture experiment to reconfirm growth response and ionic composition as affected by salinity stress. Absolute shoot and root biomass was significantly higher in E. camaldulensis as in the first experiment. Growth response of E. occidentalis to applied NaCl salinity was not consistent in this experiment as indicated by its relative shoot dry weight. The inconsistent behavior was attributed to higher temperature and relative humidity in second experiment which aggravated the hazardous effects of salinity in this species. Increased NaCl salinity in root environment significantly increased Na + and Cl -1 concentration in leaves of both species. However, salinity did not affected K + concentration significantly in E. occidentalis. E. camaldulensis although exhibited low relative production at high salinity yet performed better in terms of absolute growth at control as well as at 150 mol m -3 NaCl salinity. Hence may be recommended to be used for rehabilitation of saline lands.
Nitrogenous fertilizer has remarkably improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield across the world sinc... more Nitrogenous fertilizer has remarkably improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield across the world since its discovery by Haber-Bosch process. Due to climate change, future rice production will likely experience a wide range of environmental plasticity. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important trait to confer adaptability across various abiotic stresses such as flooding, drought and salinity. The problem with the increased N application often leads to a reduction in NUE. New solutions are needed to simultaneously increase yield and maximize the NUE of rice. Despite the differences among flooding, salinity and drought, these three abiotic stresses lead to similar responses in rice plants. To develop abiotic stress tolerant rice varieties, speed breeding seems a plausible novel approach. Approximately 22 single quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 58 pairs of epistatic QTLs are known to be closely associated with NUE in rice. The QTLs/genes for submergence (SUB1A) tolerance, anaerobic ge...
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