Papers by joseph milstein
Capteur d'oxygene ultra-rapide
Cellule (10) ou capteur d'oxygene utilise pour mesurer la teneur en oxygene d'un echantil... more Cellule (10) ou capteur d'oxygene utilise pour mesurer la teneur en oxygene d'un echantillon, comprenant un corps dote d'une chambre (14) qui abrite une anode (16) et une cathode (20) electrochimiquement actives. Un materiau poreux (18) chimiquement inerte et electriquement inactif est place entre l'anode et la cathode et se trouve en contact avec ces dernieres. Un connecteur (12) d'anode et de cathode est en contact avec l'anode et la cathode. Une solution electrolytique d'hydroxyde de potassium et de metal dissous sature le materiau poreux et realise la connexion electrique entre l'anode et la cathode. On introduit dans la chambre l'echantillon qu'on desire mesurer. L'electrolyte active la reduction catalytique des molecules libres d'oygene que contient l'echantillon. L'intensite de l'ecoulement de courant traversant une charge ohmique connectee entre l'anode et la cathode est directement proportionnelle a la teneur e...
6,833,656 B2 * 12/2004 Hooley et al. ................. 310/369 6,892,989 Bl * 512005 Whitmore et ... more 6,833,656 B2 * 12/2004 Hooley et al. ................. 310/369 6,892,989 Bl * 512005 Whitmore et al. ............ 2441200 6,935,242 B2 * 8/2005 Rastegar et al. 102/501 6,982,402 Bl * 1/2006 Rastegar et al. ............... 244/3.l 7,059,664 B2 * 612006 Aase et al. ................. 296/180.5 7,147,269 B2 * 12/2006 Aase et al. ................. 296/180.l 7,147,271 B2 * 12/2006 Aase et al. ................. 296/180.5 7,178,395 B2 * 212007 Browne eta!. ............. 73/170.11 7,178,859 B2 * 212007 Browne eta!. ............. 296/180.5 7,255,044 B2 * 8/2007 Rastegar et al. 102/400 7,429,074 B2 * 9/2008 Mc Knight et al. ........ 296/180.l 7,516,918 B2 * 412009 Cox et al. 244/53 R 7,703,839 B2 * 4/2010 McKnight et al. ......... 296/180.5 7,798,443 B2 * 9/2010 Hamilton et al. . ........... 244/99.8 7,901,524 Bl* 3/2011 McKnight et al. 148/563 8,113,469 B2 * 2/2012 Lang . ............................ 244120
Room temperature composition dependence of the anisotropy energy of HoxTb1−xFe2 single crystals
AIP Conference Proceedings, 1976
The single ion model suggests that the anisotropy energy of the HoxTb1−xFe2 compounds should scal... more The single ion model suggests that the anisotropy energy of the HoxTb1−xFe2 compounds should scale linearly with holmium concentration. In order to verify this model the room temperature magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy was investigated for a series of HoxTb1−xFe2 single crystals for 0.82<x<0.91 using torque magnetometry techniques. These measurements revealed, for the first time, that anisotropy constants of higher order than K1 and L2, the first and second order magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants, are required to account for all of the observed anisotropy. The additional constants, K3 and K4, correspond to the coefficients of the eighth and tenth order direction cosines in the anisotropy energy expansion. A comparison of the composition dependence of the anisotropy constants with the single ion model showed only fair agreement for K1 and very poor agreement for K2, K3, and K4. The poor agreement is attributed to the fact that the anisotropy constants are not unique, i.e., they depend strongly o...
V současném globalizovaném světě jsou možnosti jednotlivých suverénních států v daňové politice z... more V současném globalizovaném světě jsou možnosti jednotlivých suverénních států v daňové politice značně omezeny. Ta je často využívána k přilákání zahraničních investorů, kteří následně snižují nezaměstnanost a zvyšují domácí bohatství. Nicméně v posledních letech přišla na řadu otázka daňové konkurence. Ta se jevila jako problém i pro Evropskou unii (EU), která umožňuje volný pohyb zboží, kapitálu, pracovních sil a právo usazování. Jedním ze způsobů, jak se vyhnout tržním distorzím, je daňová harmonizace. To je důležitý aspekt zdůvodnění vysvětlujících snahy Evropské komise směrem k určitému stupni harmonizace zejména nepřímých daní v rámci členských států. Proto se zmíněná problematika stala jedním z hlavních úkolů tohoto uskupení. Daňová harmonizace, nebo alespoň její koordinace, je jedním z hlavních témat EU již od Římské smlouvy. A ačkoliv je občas odsunuta do pozadí, vždy se opět vynořuje na povrch, neboť je to téma prvořadého významu, které úzce souvisí se suverenitou jednotlivých členských států. Zejména ze strany Evropské komise je zaznamenána řada iniciativ, které usilují o harmonizaci daňových systémů. Protože však jednotlivé národní režimy nejsou identické, byly její snahy úspěšné pouze v některých oblastech. Cílem příspěvku je poskytnout souhrnný pohled na harmonizaci vybraných typů daní v rámci EU od jejího počátku po současnost, přičemž důraz bude kladen na využívání daňové harmonizace v boji proti ekonomické krizi. Text bude zaměřen zejména na seznámení se s oblastí nepřímých daní, jejichž harmonizace je dána Římskou smlouvou, a na korporátní daně, které představují nejvíce harmonizované přímé daně. Budou sumarizována hlavní východiska harmonizačního procesu a základní legislativní normy.
Rare Earth Intermetallics for Magnetostrictive Devices
Advances in Chemistry, 1980
Physical Review B, 1979
The EPR spectra of Fe + and Mn + in the single crystal ZnGa204 have been measured. The room-tempe... more The EPR spectra of Fe + and Mn + in the single crystal ZnGa204 have been measured. The room-temperature spin-Hamiltonian parameters of Fe +, which are related to the magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the spinel ferrites, are g[[= 2.005(2), gi = 2.008(3), D = -0.2442(2) cm a =+0.0444(&) cm ', and a -F=0.0353(4) cm . For Mn + the parameters are g =2.0011(6) and A = -76.2(2) x10 cm '. The details of the Mn + spectra indicate a small degree of A-B disorder in this normal spinel. The Fe3+ and Mn + are located on B and A sites, respectively.
Single crystal growth of Ho1−xTbxFe2
AIP Conference Proceedings, 1975
Numerous magnetic measurements of cubic Laves phase REFe2 (RE= rare earth) compounds have been re... more Numerous magnetic measurements of cubic Laves phase REFe2 (RE= rare earth) compounds have been reported in the literature. Because of the difficulty in single crystal synthesis, the majority of these measurements have been carried out on polycrystalline samples. We wish to report the growth of single crystals of a number of compositions in the system Ho1−xTbxFe2, where 0.1&quest;x&quest;0.2, which exhibit the interesting properties of quite large megnetostriction (1,2) and low anisotropy (3,4).The crystals were prepared from 99.9&percnt; rare earth ingot and 99.95&percnt; iron metal by the Czochralski method. An electric arc furnace similar to that of Reed and Pollard (5), powered by a stabilized DC arc welding power supply, was used. Typical growth condtidions were a pull rate of 0.5 cm.hr, seed rotation of 40–80 rpm, and melt rotation of 50–75 rpm. Gettered argon served as a growth atmosphere, a slight over-pressure being maintained in the furnace at all times. Large single crystal specimens (typically 1 cm diameter by 1–2 cm in length) have been grown.On the basis of a variety of measurements, including x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction (6), electron microprobe, and metallographic examination, the crystals appeared to be macroscopically single phase and homogeneous, with the Ho−Tb ratio varying no more than approximately ±1&percnt; in a given specimen. Furthermore, the compounds apparently melt congruently in the composition region investigated.
Some characteristics of a novel direct thermal to optical energy converter medium
AIP Conference Proceedings, 1995
We have measured some of the optical characteristics of a novel energy conversion medium, over a ... more We have measured some of the optical characteristics of a novel energy conversion medium, over a range of compositions in the system Yb2O3−Al2O3, which we have fabricated by a proprietary process. These specimens have good resistance to thermal shock, are durable, and are mechanically and chemically stable. The integrated emission of light generated by these unoptimized specimens when heated with
Method of use of thermophotovoltaic emitter materials
Ion implanted silicon solar cells with 18 percent conversion efficiency
17Th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 1984
Method for measuring oxygen content
A new high temperature air-stable TPV emitter
AIP Conference Proceedings, 1996
We have demonstrated a new class of material which appear to provide significant advantages as TP... more We have demonstrated a new class of material which appear to provide significant advantages as TPV emitters, including selective emission, high power density by virtue of operation at very high temperature, stability in air, appreciable thermal shock resistance, and the ability to be produced in desired shapes. These materials also afford the possibility of tuning the characteristic emission wavelength to various bands as may be desired, and the possibility of being powered by any one of a variety of power sources, including gas flames and concentrated solar energy.
Ion implanted silicon solar cells with 18% conversion efficiency
The results of research on the basic understanding of high efficiency in silicon solar cells are ... more The results of research on the basic understanding of high efficiency in silicon solar cells are presented. It is shown that through the use of low resistivity silicon, texture-etching, ion implantation, surface passivation, and Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/ antireflection coatings, very high performance can be obtained. Cells with 18% AMI conversion efficiency (100 mW/cm/sup 2/, 28/sup 0/C) are reported, and research to increase the performance to much higher levels is described.
Process and apparatus for preparation of single crystals and textured polycrystals
Techniques for the growth of bulk optical crystals
Laser Focus, 1988
Research on polycrystalline-silicon solar cells: Goals and accomplishments
This paper reviews the results obtained in the polycrystalline silicon solar cell task area at th... more This paper reviews the results obtained in the polycrystalline silicon solar cell task area at the Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) since the last IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, and presents a description of the goals which are expected to be achieved in the next year and beyond. Some of the future program elements are presented in general terms, in view of Requests for Proposals that are presently in process.
Magnetically Variable Surface-Wave Velocity in a Highly Magnetostrictive Rare-Earth-Iron Compound
1977 Ultrasonics Symposium, 1977
Photonic band gap materials and method of preparation thereof
Grain-boundary structure and properties in polycrystalline silicon
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Papers by joseph milstein