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Investigation of Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance Genes (mcr-1–8) in Enterobacterales Isolates

Curēus, Jun 2, 2024

The escalating global rise in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria presents an increasingly... more The escalating global rise in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria presents an increasingly substantial threat to patient safety. Over the past decade, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) have emerged as one of the most critical pathogens in hospital-acquired infections, notably within intensive care units. Colistin has become one of the last-resort antimicrobial agents utilized to combat infections caused by CRE. However, the use of colistin has been accompanied by a notable increase in the prevalence of colistinresistant bacteria. This study aimed to investigate plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes ranging from mcr-1 to mcr-8 among members of the Enterobacterales order. This prospective study was conducted in the microbiology laboratory of

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Investigation of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Frequency and Genotype Analysis in Cervical Samples

Journal of biotechnology and strategic health research, Apr 3, 2024

Cinsel Yolla Bulaşan Hastalıklara Multidisipliner Yaklaşım

Bu üründe yer alan bilgiler sadece lisanslı tıbbi çalışanlar için kaynak olarak sunulmuştur. Herh... more Bu üründe yer alan bilgiler sadece lisanslı tıbbi çalışanlar için kaynak olarak sunulmuştur. Herhangi bir konuda profesyonel tıbbi danışmanlık veya tıbbi tanı amacıyla kullanılmamalıdır. Akademisyen Kitabevi ve alıcı arasında herhangi bir şekilde doktor-hasta, terapist-hasta ve/veya başka bir sağlık sunum hizmeti ilişkisi oluşturmaz. Bu ürün profesyonel tıbbi kararların eşleniği veya yedeği değildir. Akademisyen Kitabevi ve bağlı şirketleri, yazarları, katılımcıları, partnerleri ve sponsorları ürün bilgilerine dayalı olarak yapılan bütün uygulamalardan doğan, insanlarda ve cihazlarda yaralanma ve/veya hasarlardan sorumlu değildir. İlaçların veya başka kimyasalların reçete edildiği durumlarda, tavsiye edilen dozunu, ilacın uygulanacak süresi, yöntemi ve kontraendikasyonlarını belirlemek için, okuyucuya üretici tarafından her ilaca dair sunulan güncel ürün bilgisini kontrol etmesi tavsiye edilmektedir. Dozun ve hasta için en uygun tedavinin belirlenmesi, tedavi eden hekimin hastaya dair bilgi ve tecrübelerine dayanak oluşturması, hekimin kendi sorumluluğundadır. Akademisyen Kitabevi, üçüncü bir taraf tarafından yapılan ürüne dair değişiklikler, tekrar paketlemeler ve özelleştirmelerden sorumlu değildir.

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COVID-19 Öncesi̇ Dönemde Ve COVID-19 Pandemi̇si̇ Sirasinda Yoğun Bakimda Yatan Hastalardan İzole Edi̇len Bakteri̇yel Ve Fungal Etkenleri̇n Değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇ Ve Anti̇bi̇yoti̇k Duyarliliklarinin Karşilaştirilmasi

Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi, May 9, 2023

COVID-19 salgını, küresel bir halk sağlığı krizi yarattı. CO-VID-19'lu yoğun bakım hastaları, çeş... more COVID-19 salgını, küresel bir halk sağlığı krizi yarattı. CO-VID-19'lu yoğun bakım hastaları, çeşitli risk faktörleri nedeniyle bakteriyel ve mantar kaynaklı enfeksiyonlara daha yatkındır. COVID-19 pandemisi öncesi ve sonrasında antibiyotik kullanım profili ve mikrobiyolojik izolatlardaki eğilimleri karşılaştırarak Yoğun Bakım Ünitesindeki (YBÜ) antibiyotik tüketimini izole edilen etkenleri analiz etmeyi amaçladık.

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Molecular and serological tests for COVID-19

Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology, 2020

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health problem. Th... more The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health problem. There is little known for test utilization and diagnosis. Tests for COVID-19 include molecular tests and serological tests. Nucleic acid testing is a gold standard, while serological tests are used in seroprevalence. The tests should be selected according to the time course of the virus and serological response. The targeted genes are several. In our country, real-time polymerase chain reaction kit targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene fragment is being used. Common sample types are nasopharynx and/or oropharynx swabs. Patients with pneumonia sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, etc., should be tested. The peak concentrations of viral load reach before day 5, and the virus can be detected until the end of the 1 st week after the onset of illness from nasal-pharynx. There are also rapid tests either detect the viral components in nasopharyngeal secretions or antibodies. IgM/IgA and IgG antibody are detectable on day 5 and day 14, respectively, after symptom onset. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits based on recombinant nucleocapsid protein and spike protein are expected to give more reliable results. Rapid diagnostic tests detecting neither antigen nor antibody is the first choice of the World Health Organization for diagnosis but is recommended to be used for surveillance. Ideal guidance in current circumstances is to confirm cases with available tests by following national recommendations so that we should take action as soon as possible, give appropriate therapy, and determine their contacts for infection prevention.

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Evaluation of biofilm production, gelatinase activity, and mannose-resistant hemagglutination in Acinetobacter baumannii strains

Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, 2008

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen, but its pathogenic characteristics a... more Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen, but its pathogenic characteristics are not well defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate biofilm production, mannose-resistant hemagglutination, and gelatinase production in A. baumannii strains isolated from various clinical specimens. Eighty six strains of A. baumannii isolated from 86 hospital inpatients were studied for biofilm formation, gelatinase activity, and mannose-resistant hemagglutination. The isolates were identified using conventional techniques and/or the API 2ONE system. Comparisons of biofilm production, gelatinase activity, and mannose-resistant hemagglutination were made by chi-squared analysis. Twenty two and 61 of the isolates agglutinated human group O and AB erythrocytes in the presence of mannose, respectively. Gelatinase activity was detected in 12 isolates (14%), while 64 isolates formed biofilms. Several parameters may play important roles in causing infection in colonized patients. Id...

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Investigation of metallo-beta-lactamase producing strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii by E-test, disk synergy and PCR

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2008

Carbapenem non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains were tested... more Carbapenem non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains were tested for the presence of metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) by EDTA-synergy screening. Imipenem hydrolysis was investigated by a bioassay and IMP-/VIM-encoding genes by PCR. No bla(IMP/VIM) related genes or imipenemase activity were detected although E-test found all strains as MBL-positive. Disk synergy tests with 0.5 M EDTA determined 63.6-100%, while those with 0.1 M EDTA detected 0-7.7% of isolates as MBL producers. Most strains were susceptible to EDTA. In conclusion, for MBL-screening purposes, EDTA-synergy results change with molarity of EDTA, but even if some false positives are encountered, 0.1 M EDTA seems to be acceptable.

Comparison of the Characteristics of Brucella Patients Diagnosed With Blood Culture Positivity and/or Serology

Cureus, Aug 18, 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the clinical, laboratory, and treatm... more Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the clinical, laboratory, and treatment response characteristics of patients diagnosed with positive culture or serology. In this way, we wanted to assess the validity of serological diagnosis. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study between January 2010 and 2020. Patients with clinical and laboratory findings of acute/subacute brucellosis, patients with positive serological tests, and patients with growth of Brucella spp. in blood culture were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 -Wright agglutination test result ≥ 1/160 and Brucella spp. growth in blood culture; Group 2 -Wright agglutination test result ≥ 1/160 and no growth in blood culture; and Group 3 -Brucella spp. growth in blood culture and negative serological test. These three groups were retrospectively evaluated for clinical features, laboratory parameters, areas of involvement, treatment options, and treatment response. Results: We identified 294 patients diagnosed with brucellosis. Blood cultures were obtained from all patients, and Brucella spp. was detected in 40 patients (13.6%). There were 35 patients in Group 1, 254 patients in Group 2, and five patients in Group 3. When examining patients with symptoms, only fever showed a difference between the groups, which was significantly higher in Group 1. Laboratory investigations of the C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels of the patients showed significant differences between the groups; these parameters were significantly higher in Group 1. Conclusion: No significant difference was found in terms of treatment response and prognosis between patients with and without blood culture growth who were clinically compatible with acute/subacute brucellosis as diagnosed by serological methods. Therefore, serological tests are reliable methods for the diagnosis of brucellosis in cases where blood culture is inconclusive.

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Evaluation of Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles Isolated from Lower Respiratory Tract Samples

Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

Objective: In this study, we aimed to guide clinicians in planning empirical treatment and contri... more Objective: In this study, we aimed to guide clinicians in planning empirical treatment and contribute to regional data by presenting bacterial lower respiratory tract infection agents and antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: All lower respiratory tract samples from patients admitted to our laboratory between January 01 and December 31, 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Bacterial identification and susceptibility tests were performed using the VITEK 2 automated system and evaluated in accordance with the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Results: Significant growth was detected in 461 of 923 lower respiratory tract samples. Antibiotic susceptibility test results of 340 samples were evaluated after excluding the repeated samples of same patient. Gram negative bacteria was isolated in 309 (90.9%), Staphylococcus aureus in 17 (5%) and Candida albicans in 14 (4.1%) of 340 samples. The most frequently isolated Gram-negative ...

Investigation of Beta-lactamases in Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii Isolates

The Journal of the Kuwait Medical Association

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of PER-1, PER-2, GES, IMP-1, VIM-2, OXA-23, and OXA-24 ... more Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of PER-1, PER-2, GES, IMP-1, VIM-2, OXA-23, and OXA-24 type beta-lactamases in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, in view of the fact that Beta-lactamase production is the most important mechanism of acquired beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative pathogens. Design: Experimental study Setting: Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey Subjects: From January 2009 to December 2009, a total of 98 carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii bacteria were isolated from patients. Intervention: In-house PCR was performed for the detection of PER-1, PER-2, GES, IMP-1, VIM-2, OXA-23, and OXA-24 beta-lactamase genes in those clinical carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates. Main Outcome Measure: Prevalence rate of beta-lactamase genes in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates Results: GES beta-lactamase was found in 59 isolates (60.20%). PER-1 was found in eight isolates (8.16%). IM...

Molecular Analysis of Candida albicans Isolates from Clinical Specimens

Mycopathologia, 2009

The aim of this study was to genotype Candida albicans strains isolated from various clinical spe... more The aim of this study was to genotype Candida albicans strains isolated from various clinical specimens by using CA-INT-R and CA-INT-L primer pairs designed to span the region that includes the site of the transposable group-1 intron in the 25S rRNA gene. A total of 194 C. albicans isolates (28 invasive and 166 noninvasive) were genotyped. The frequencies of genotypes A, B, C and D were found as 51.0, 29.4, 19.1 and 0.5%, respectively. Statistically significant difference was determined between frequency of genotype distribution between invasive and noninvasive isolates (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Genotype C was more prevalent among invasive isolates while genotype A was in noninvasive ones. Furthermore, six different subtypes were determined among genotype A C. albicans isolates by restriction endonuclease analysis using a previously constructed differentiation scheme consisting of HaeIII and MspI digestions. This study demonstrated the genetic diversity of clinical isolates of C. albicans in our hospital.

Pamukkale Üniversitesi hastanesi Anestezi yoğun bakım Ünitesi’ndeki alet ilişkili hastane enfeksiyonları

Haydarpaşa Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi, 2011

The Frequency of Ocular Surface Inflammation Findings and Relationship with Mortality in Patients Diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Retrospective Study

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

Inpatient Cumulative Antibiotic Susceptibility Report of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Research and Practice Hospital (2020)

Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi

Objective: Broad-spectrum antibiotics used in empirical treatment lead to an increase in multidru... more Objective: Broad-spectrum antibiotics used in empirical treatment lead to an increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria in intensive care units and hospital wards. Cumulative antibiotic susceptibility reports can guide the correct selection of empirical therapy and development of antibiotic resistance policies. In this study, we aimed to prepare a one-year inpatient cumulative antibiotic susceptibility report for our hospital. Method: Identification of bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed with the automated VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, France) system and antibiogram results were evaluated according to the recommendations of The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, 2021). The cumulative antibiotic susceptibility report has been prepared according to the criteria in the Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data (CLSI 2014, M39-A4). Results: In this study, 1490 isolates were analysed. Vancomycin, teicoplan...

[Investigation of serum resistance for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains]

Mikrobiyoloji bülteni, 2006

Serum resistance is one of the major virulence factors of Gram negative bacteria. The aim of this... more Serum resistance is one of the major virulence factors of Gram negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from various clinical samples (19 tracheal aspirates, 14 urine, 7 sputum, 7 wound and one peritoneal fluid specimens). Forty-eight P. aeuginosa and 48 A. baumannii strains were tested for human serum bactericidal effect by using Benge's method. Thirty-five (72.9%), 9 (18.7%), and 4 (8.3%) of P. aeruginosa strains were found to be resistant, intermediate sensitive and sensitive to serum, respectively. These rates were detected as 81.2% (39/48), 14.5% (7/48), and 4.1% (2/48) for A. baumannii strains, respectively. It can be concluded that, high serum resistance rates of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates might have an important role in the pathogenesis of infections of these bacteria.

[Investigation of serum resistance for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains]

Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni, Jul 1, 2006

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