Fazl ullah

Followers

Following

Public Views

InterestsView All (56)

Uploads

Papers by Fazl ullah

Genetic diversity and comparative study of genomic DNA extraction protocols in Tamarix L. species

Caryologia

The genus Tamarix consists of about 54 species that mainly grow in saline areas of deserts and s... more The genus Tamarix consists of about 54 species that mainly grow in saline areas of deserts and semi-deserts. This genus is chemically characterized by the presence of tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins and essential oils which interfere with the extraction of pure genomic DNA. Thus it is necessary to optimize extraction protocols to minimize the influence of these compounds to the lowest level. The present study compares the efficiency of five different approaches to extract total genomic DNA in Tamarix species, showing significant differences in the extracted DNA contents and quality,by using Kit (DNP TM Kit), CTAB DNA extraction method by Murray and Thompson, Sahu et al., Nalini et al. and Bi et al., for the extraction of DNA from Tamarix species. Our results showed significant differences in DNA contents between these five methods. The quantity and quality of extracted genomic DNA were checked by the spectrophotometer, Nano-Drop and and agarose gel electrophoresis analysis. Fina...

Download

Effect of Heat Treatment and La Doping on the Electrical Properties of BiFeO

La doped phase-pure multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) was prepared by the co-precipitation method using p... more La doped phase-pure multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) was prepared by the co-precipitation method using precursor bismuth oxide and iron nitrate Nona hydrate. The pallets of pure BFO were sintered in the temperature range from 500 to 650 °C for 1h in air. The structure of as-synthesized powders and pallets were studied by Powder X-ray diffraction method. Surface morphology was characterized by the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope and their dielectric properties were investigated as a function of sintering temperature and La doping. The DC electrical resistivity as a function of temperature was also measured. It is concluded that optimum sintering temperature is 500 °C to obtain pure phase of BFO. The grain size of the pallets was found to increase as a function of sintering temperature for the samples whereas grain size has decreased as a function of La doping. The pallets of both pure and La doped samples exhibited high AC resistivity, dielectric constant and low dielectric loss...

Using microscopic techniques for taxonomic implications of seed and fruits of Delphinium L. (sensu lato) (Ranunculaceae)

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2019

In present research, micromorphological characters of the genus Delphinium L. (sensu lato) Ranunc... more In present research, micromorphological characters of the genus Delphinium L. (sensu lato) Ranunculaceae seeds and fruits were studied using microscopic techniques. A total of 37 species were studied using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate seeds and fruits micromorphological characteristics for the taxonomic identification and species relationship in the genus. For each taxon, 33 characters were observed and studied. All characters were analyzed using MVSP software and UPGMA method by using dissimilarity index (average taxonomic distance). Considerable differences were observed in trichomes shape of fruit and seed color features. The results revealed that all studied taxa are separated into three clades. The first clade consists of D. pallidiflorum and D. semibarbatum, which have black seed and two types of glandular and crispate trichomes in fruit. The second clade consists of D. speciosum, D. szowitsianum, D. dasystachyson, D. aquilegifolium, D. ursinum, C. trigonelloides, and C. camptocarpa, which had a brown color seeds, two types of glandular and villous trichomes on fruits also have been observed. The remaining species were classified as third clade having various colors including yellow, black, and brown color seeds, the trichome shapes included one of the following forms strigose, villous, trichomes less, glandular, hooked, and crispate trichomes in fruits. The aim of the present study is to use micromorphological characters of seeds and fruits for the taxonomic identification and species delimitation in the genus Delphinium.

Download

Comparative micro-anatomical features of endemic Fritillaria taxa growing in the Mediterranean region (Turkey)

Flora, 2022

Assessment of SCoT and ISSR molecular markers in genetic diversity of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) in Iran

Phytotaxa, 2022

Lolium rigidum (Poaceae) is important forage and weed species grown in different habitats of Iran... more Lolium rigidum (Poaceae) is important forage and weed species grown in different habitats of Iran. Rigid ryegrass originated from the Mediterranean region. They are very resistant to common herbicides. To investigate the genetic variability of L. rigidum, we studied 81 individuals of 18 natural populations from Iran; four ISSR and four SCoT primers were used. These are reproducible and highly polymorphic markers. We examined their gene flow and genetic variation. Genetic diversity among and within populations was determined through different methods. The Mantel test indicated a significant correlation between these populations’ genetic distance and geographical distance and a high correlation between ISSR and SCoT markers. Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) produced high genetic differences among the studied populations for both markers. Structure analysis showed population genetic stratification and identified three genetic groups through ISSR molecular markers for L. rigidum i...

Postharvest disease inhibition in fruit by synthesis and characterization of chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2020

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Download

Diversity, distribution and ecological importance of weeds in the maize crop at Maidan valley, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 2015

The present studywas conducted to investigate different weeds of maize (Zea mays L.) and their us... more The present studywas conducted to investigate different weeds of maize (Zea mays L.) and their uses and distribution from 10 different localities i.e. Bagh, Chinarkot, Daro, Dokary, Hayaseri, Kaladog, Kotkay, Lal Qilla, Manial and Mulayano Banda of Maidan valley, District Dir, Pakistan. Forty six weeds species belonging to 22 families were found in maize crop. The dominant family was Poaceae having 7 species, followed by Amaranthaceae with 6 species, Asteraceae 5 species, Cyperaceae, Lamiaceae and Solanaceae with 3 species each, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae and Polygonaceae with 2 species each and remaining 13 families with one species each. On the basis of leaf size spectra 20 species (43.34 %) were Microphylls, 15 species (32.60%) Nanophylls, 6 species (13.04%) Leptophylls and 5 species (10.86 %) Mesophylls. The life form showed that there are 23 species (50%) of Therophytes, 11 species (23.91%) of Geophytes and Hemicryptophytes and 1 species (2.17%) was Chamaephyte.

The use of taxonomic studies to the identification of wetlands weeds

Advances in Weed Science, 2021

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li... more

Download

Taxonomic implication of leaf epidermal anatomy of selected taxa of Scrophulariaceae from Pakistan

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2020

The family Scrophulariaceae consists of taxonomically complex genera and species. The delimitatio... more The family Scrophulariaceae consists of taxonomically complex genera and species. The delimitation of the taxa within this family is always challenging. In this paper, we studied leaf epidermis anatomical characteristics and its taxonomic significance of four species belonging to four genera of the family Scrophulariaceae collected from northern Pakistan. The species were examined under light and scanning electron microscopes (LM and SEM). Qualitative and quantitative foliar epidermal anatomical features were examined for both adaxial and abaxial surfaces. Qualitative characters like epidermal cell shape, epidermal cell cover, anticlinal wall, trichomes type, stomata type and stomata position were examined. Quantitative characters like the length and width of leaf epidermis, stomata, stomatal pore, subsidiary cell and trichomes for both adaxial and abaxial surfaces were studied and measured. Stomatal index within the species and between the species was found to be different on adaxial and abaxial surfaces. Diacytic stomata and glandular trichomes on epidermis were only found in Anticharis glandulosa while rest of the taxa has anomocytic type stomata and dendroid trichomes on both surfaces. Based on the micromorphological characters, we did principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis for the species delimitation and identification. A taxonomic key has been provided to delimit and identify the studied taxa based on foliar epidermal characters. The aim of the present research was to elucidate the micromorphological characters to distinguish the studied taxa for taxonomic purposes.

Download

Micromorphological characters variation of lemma and palea in subtribe of Loliinae (Poaceae)

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2021

The subtribe Loliinae is one of the largest subtribes of Poeae with about 600 species. Festuca is... more The subtribe Loliinae is one of the largest subtribes of Poeae with about 600 species. Festuca is a large genus with close relations to other genera as Lolium, Castellia, and Vulpia. The taxonomic history of the Festuca-Lolium species group is very complicated. The polyploidy and hybridization make it more confusing. Due to the morphological similarities between genera identification is very difficult, the aim of the present study is to provide the taxonomic characters for the delimitation of the taxa of subtribe Loliinae. We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques for the evaluation of the lemma and palea surface micromorphology for 33 species of this subtribe. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to show the species groupings. Factor analysis based on the principal component analysis showed the diagnostic importance of each of the characters. The lemma and palea epidermal patterns of Castellia, Festuca, and Lolium were examined, and results revealed that Lolium and Vulpia sensu lato species made separate groups nested in the Festuca clusters. The length of the long cell of the lemma, prickle in the lemma and palea, the wall shape of long cells of the lemma, wax type, silica bodies of lemma and palea, and the short cells in palea were important diagnostic characters for the species studied. The measured and evaluated set of lemma and palea micromorphological features was unable to provide the delimitation of the Festuca genus as subgeneric or sectional level. Present observations illustrated a heterogeneous assemblage as Festuca that needs further study for delimitation.

Palynological characteristics of selected Lamioideae taxa and its taxonomic significance

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2020

Lamioideae comprised the second-largest subfamily in Lamiaceae. Although considerable progress ha... more Lamioideae comprised the second-largest subfamily in Lamiaceae. Although considerable progress has recently been made in the taxonomic study of Lamioideae, the subfamily remains one of the most poorly investigated subfamily in Lamiaceae. Therefore, the present study was designed with the aim to document the pollen micromorphology of some selected Lamioideae taxa and its taxonomic significance from Pakistan. Pollen micromorphological features were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains are monad, tricolpate, radially/bilateral symmetrical. The pollen grains were small to medium-sized having oblate, oblate/subspheroidal, and subspheroidal shape. Exine sculpturing was observed as reticulate, microreticulate, and bireticulate. The colpus surface ornamentation was found as verrucate, gemmate, scabrate, and psilate. There was a considerable variation between the species in the micromorphology, that is, the coarseness of the reticulum, thickness of the muri comprising the reticulum and the number of secondary lumina per primary lumen. Hence, this study documented the pollen morphology of some selected taxa of the subfamily Lamioideae from Pakistan and strengthens the taxonomic identification of subfamily based on pollen characters, which helps in the correct identification, discrimination of the species of Lamioideae at generic and species level.

Download

Phylogeny and diversity of lamiaceae based on rps14 gene in Pakistan

Genetika, 2020

The present research work was carried out to conduct concordance between the molecular data and t... more The present research work was carried out to conduct concordance between the molecular data and the phylogenetic relationship between the selected species of Lamiaceae. We studied 34 species collected from various phytogeographical areas of Pakistan. Molecular DNA was isolated from fresh leaf specimens of the selected taxa. The rps14 gene was amplified for the isolation of DNA sequencing and the amplified products were sequenced and analyzed for phylogenetic analysis. The sequenced products were analyzed using bioinformatics tools such as MEGA7, I-TASSER (Iterative Threading Assembly Refinement) and SAVES (The Structure Analysis and Verification Server). ExPASY translate tool was used for the translation of nucleotide sequences to amino acid sequences. Phlomis cashmeriana with Origanum vulgare, and Lamium album with Lamium amplexicaul showed a close relationship in both phylogenetic trees with well-represented bootstrap (BS) values. The pairwise distance ranged from 0.013 to 0.19 with an overall mean distance of 0.068 was also observed. I-TASSER software was utilized to predict the 3D protein structures followed by stereochemical analysis. Based on the present finding it is determined that the rps14 gene would be used as a DNA barcode for the identification of plant taxa. Additionally, it is needed for the development of additional reliable molecular markers to resolve the systematics issues in the family Lamiaceae.

Download

Influence of Hot Water Treatments on the Storage Life of Sweet Orange Cv. Sherkhana-I

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2018

Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is a member of Rutaceae family and subfamily Aurantioideae. It ran... more Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is a member of Rutaceae family and subfamily Aurantioideae. It ranked 2 nd after apple in the world business and largely produced in Pakistan. Allspecies of citrus aresubtropical fruitsprimarily, but are suitable for a wideclimaterange, 28-124 °F. Sweet Orange is an important member of genus &quot;citrus&quot; (Nicolosi et al., 2000). In Pakistan, citrus fruits are cultivated on 194.5 thousand hectaresarea , with a production of 1982.25 thousand tons per year, while citrus is grown on 4.0 thousand hectares in KPK is with 32.3 thousand tons per year production (MINFA, 2010). Technique of hot water treatment is applied to many fruit types to prevent insect and fungal attack in the post-harvest management (Lurie, 1998). Hot water (HW) and steam or hot air is applied commercially for increasing storage life of fruits. Heat treatment methods and duration of fruit exposure to heat may affect fruit quality. Hot water treatment is more effective than the hot air and is a heat transfer medium Abstract | The experiment &quot;Influence of hot water treatments on the storage life of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) cv. Sherkhana-I&quot; was carried out at

Characterization and phytostimulatory activity of bacteria isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) rhizosphere

Microbial Pathogenesis, 2020

Replacing agrochemicals with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) may offset some of the enviro... more Replacing agrochemicals with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) may offset some of the environmental impacts of food production. The objectives of this study were to (1) isolate and characterize bacterial strains from tomato rhizosphere, including root, shoot and leaf, (2) select and identify the most promising PGPB strains, (3) verify the phytostimulatory activity and mineral uptake potential of selected strains. Bacterial strains isolated from tomato rhizosphere, were screened for phosphorous (P) solubilization, production of indole acetic acid (IAA), amylase activity, antibiotic resistance, and quick test strip (QTS) for biochemical characterization. The tested strains, positive for all five of these assays were selected for molecular identification and subjected to greenhouse growth trails with tomato and mung bean. Two strains were selected and identified as Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) isolated from rhizosphere and Klebsiella variicola (K. variicola) isolated from root endosphere using 16s rRNA sequences. Both strains produced IAA, gibberellic acid (GA3) and kinetin, however B. cereus showed potential GA3 and IAA production as compared to K. variicola. In tomato, only one growth variable (shoot length) was increased over the control by one of the selected bacterial strains (B. cereus). In mung bean, inoculation with either strain B. cereus or K. variicola increased shoot length and dry weight. Moreover, our results showed that the use of PGPB significantly increased plant growth and Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg, Cu, Na and K contents of plants. It seems that evaluated strains had a higher ability in boosting plant growth and higher yield.

Systematics study through scanning electron microscopy; a tool for the authentication of herbal drug Mentha suaveolens Ehrh

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2019

In all over the world, herbal drugs are usually adulterated with similar species or varieties due... more In all over the world, herbal drugs are usually adulterated with similar species or varieties due to incorrect identification. Most of herbal products devoid purity and quality, therefore an attempt was carried out to identify plant species and authenticate its herbal drug products from Mentha suaveolens. Microscopy tools provide an excellent platform to identify plants at species level. In this study, microscopic and pharmacokinetic parameters of M. suaveolens were observed. Plant species were collected from high diverse areas of Northern Pakistan. Macro and micro-morphology including palynology and anatomical features were analyzed to study M. suaveolens. Species characteristics were studied, while implementing microscopic techniques for the delimitation and identification of the species. Traditionally Mentha species are used to cure several diseases that is, digestive disorders, respiratory disorders. Micromorphology (stem, leaves, flowers structure, length etc.), palynology (shape, size of pollen etc.), and anatomical characters (types of stomata, epidermal cell shape, and trichomes) were studied. Micromorphology and anatomical characters were of great interest and significance to discuss the taxonomy of the species. Taxonomic characters were studied to characterize and authenticate the species. The aim of the present study is to observe in detail the taxonomic identification of the species in term of morphology, palynology, and foliar epidermal anatomy for the correct identification along with their medicinal uses in the area. K E Y W O R D S foliar and pollen micromorphology, medicinal uses, Mentha suaveolens, SEM 1 | INTRODUCTION Family Lamiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution and is represented by 236 genera and 7,200 species. Mediterranean and Central Asian regions have a high diversity of family Lamiaceae species (Perveen & Qaiser, 2004). Besides these regions, some regions of the world including Nepal,

Download

Organometallic assembling of chitosan‐Iron oxide nanoparticles with their antifungal evaluation againstRhizopus oryzae

Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 2019

The ever-increasing resistance of plant microbes towards fungicides and bactericides has been cau... more The ever-increasing resistance of plant microbes towards fungicides and bactericides has been causing serious threat to plant production in recent years. For the development of an effective antifungal agent, we introduce a novel hydrothermal protocol for synthesis of chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles (CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs) using acetate buffer of low pH 5.0 for intermolecular interaction of Fe 2 O 3 NPs and CH. The composite structure and elemental elucidation were carried out by using X-ray power diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet Visible Absorption Spectroscopy (UV-vis spectroscopy). Additionally, antifungal activity was evaluated both In vitro and In vivo against Rhizopus oryzae which is causing fruit rot disease of strawberry. We compared different concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 075% and 1%) of CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs and 50% synthetic fungicide (Matalyxal Mancozab) to figure out suitable concentration for application in the field. XRD analysis showed a high crystalline nature of the NPs with average size of 52 nanometer (nm). SEM images revealed spherical shape with size range of 50-70 nm, whereas, TEM also revealed spherical shape, size ranging from 0 nm to 80 nm. EDX and FTIR results revealed presence of CH on surface of Fe 2 O 3 NPs. The band gap measurement showed peak 317-318 nm for bare Fe 2 O 3 NPs and CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs respectively. Antifungal activity in both In vitro and In vivo significantly increased with increase in concentration. The overall results revealed high synergetic antifungal potential of organometallic CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs against Rhizopus oryzae and suggest the use of CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs against other Phyto-pathological diseases due to biodegradable nature.

Download

The quest for some novel antifertility herbals used as male contraceptives in district Shangla, Pakistan

Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019

Medicinal plants have been used worldwide for population control since ancient times. Today, popu... more Medicinal plants have been used worldwide for population control since ancient times. Today, population growth is one of the burning issues in the world. The main purpose of this research is to record and investigate contraceptive uses of medicinal plants in order to control population growth in Pakistan and in the world through cheaper and safer methods. Field trips were carried out from November 2015 to March 2017. These data were collected during field surveys and interviews from traditional therapists and from the local of the District Shangla. The information gathered was quantitatively analysed through relative frequency of citation (RFC), disease consensus index (DCI) and Jaccard index (JI). The results showed that a total of 48 plant species belonging to 40 genera and 26 families were used by the local communities of the study area as male contraceptives. A detailed study of these reported plants species was done by investigating local name, part used, family name and habitat, mode of utilization etc. This study documented some important medicinal plants for the use and control of male contraception and will attract the researcher's interest for clinical trials, which could be of great scientific support to the society.

Download

Taxonomic importance of spore morphology inThelypteridaceaefromNorthern Pakistan

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2019

Spore morphology of Thelypteridaceae species growing in Malakand Division, Northern Pakistan, was... more Spore morphology of Thelypteridaceae species growing in Malakand Division, Northern Pakistan, was studied using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The taxa are Christella dentata and Glaphyropteridopsis erubescens in the subfamily Thelypteridoideae, and Phegopteris connectilis, Pseudophegopteris pyrrhorhachis, and Pseudophegopteris levingei in the subfamily Phegopteridoideae. The studied species exhibit differences in spore size, exospore thickness, color, and ornamentation. Spores of the studied species are monolete and medium-sized, and shape is ellipsoidal in both polar and equatorial views. The average measurement of the polar diameter ranges from 27 μm to 31 μm, whereas in the equatorial direction it varied from 20 μm to 40 μm. The exospore thickness ranges from 1.2 μm to 2.4 μm. Reticulate, laevigate with microgranules, cristate, and coarsely echinate surface ornamentation are observed among the species. Multivariate analysis including unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean and principal component analysis was used for the grouping and discrimination of species and genera.

Download

Leaf micromorphological adaptations of resurrection ferns in Northern Pakistan

Flora, 2019

Highlights  Leaf micromorphological traits in resurrection fern species studied reflecting desic... more Highlights  Leaf micromorphological traits in resurrection fern species studied reflecting desiccation tolerance.  Variable leaf traits are observed in response to desiccation tolerance.  Resurrection ferns in more stressful habitats exhibit structural modification in leaf.  Leaf morphological features may define positive strategies to endure dehydration.

Download

Taxonomic study of subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) by polynomorphological approach

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2019

The present study is insight into pollen morphology for characterizing species and their utility ... more The present study is insight into pollen morphology for characterizing species and their utility in the taxonomic separation of certain taxa of subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) from Pakistan. The pollen micromorphology of 11 species of the Nepetoideae was analyzed and documented using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for both qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Most species have hexazonocolpate pollen grains but trizonocolpate and tetrazonocolpate pollen with circular and oval amb were also rarely observed in Mentha spicata. The basic pollen shape in most of the studied species was subspheroidal but prolate grains were also observed in M. spicata, S. coccinea, and S. plebeia. The exine sculpturing of Nepetoideae pollen was taxonomically very informative particularly at subfamily level. Observations of exine sculpturing with SEM revealed various types of pollen grains: reticulate, bireticulate, microreticulate, perforate, aerolate, and gammate. The bireticulate type further subdivided into three subtypes based on the number of secondary lumina in each primary lumen and is characterized by varying characteristics of the secondary reticulum and primary muri. A significant variation was observed in colpus surface ornamentation. The maximum polar diameter was found in O. americanum (58 ± 5.8 μm) and the maximum equatorial diameter observed in O. basilicum (50.25 ± 1.37 μm). Pollen features of the studied species were discussed and compared based on the current taxonomical concepts. The results showed that pollen traits of the subfamily Nepetoideae was found significant to classify the taxa. Furthermore, pollen features provide additional evidence to distinguish macromorphologically similar taxa from each other.

Download

Fazl ullah

Uploads

Papers by Fazl ullah

Log In