amani Ali

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The Theory of Interpretation in Solving Contemporary Legal Issues: With A Focus on the Instrument of Ijtihad

MATEC web of conferences, 2018

Since the beginning, legal theory has concerned itself with the establishment of principles and p... more Since the beginning, legal theory has concerned itself with the establishment of principles and precepts that govern the procedure of legal interpretation, from the initial stages of the judicial reasoning down to the promulgation of ruling and their implementation, Islam is a total way of life. Muslims are obliged to abide by the rules of Allah in every aspect of their lives, always and wherever they live. However, the actual rules of Allah as given in the Qur'an and the sunna are limited. The Qur'an contains only six hundred verses directly related to laws, and there are approximately two thousand hadiths. The function of interpretation is to discover the intention of the Lawmaker of the matter, therefore, interpretat primarily concerned with the discovery of that which is rot self-evident the objective of interpretation is to ascertain the intention c the Lawmaker with regard to what has been left unexpressed as a matter of necessary interference from the surrounding circumstances. Sometimes, the textual sources did not provide detailed guidelines in which to derive the law, and then the role of interpretation is important to determine the law. In Islamic law the role of Ijtihad undoubtedly important in order to meet new problems. But some of the Jurist contended that the role of Ijtihad had ended and we have to follow the rule that has been stated. An explanation given to this trend is that a point had been reached at which all essential question of law had been thoroughly discussed and further deliberation was deemed unnecessary. In Common law, man-made law and legislation are related to one another within a philosophy of law. Parliament makes law and it is the duty of the courts to give effect to them if properly enacted. While courts may rule that a particular statute or section is invalid for various reasons such as unconstitutionality, they cannot say, "We shall change this Act because it is not appropriate". That function belongs to Parliament (Wu Min Aun 1990: 120). So as in Islamic law, the Lawmaker is Allah S.w.t and the sacred text (Quran) is legislated due to His intention whereas Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad is enacted due to the Prophet's intention. Therefore, Ulama of Usul Fiqh, in making any Ijtihad, they are du y bound to be guided by Quran and Sunnah.

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Reno-protective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonist and anti-platelets in experimentally induced diabetic kidney disease in male albino rats

PubMed, Dec 1, 2022

Objectives: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in diabetics is progressively increasing wit... more Objectives: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in diabetics is progressively increasing with an increased risk of fatal complications. Materials and methods: Sixty male albino rats were used in the study, and type 2 diabetes mellitus were induced. Diabetic rats were divided randomly into 5 groups, the control diabetic group and 4 treated groups were treated with metformin (group3), dulaglutide (group 4), metformin & cilostazol (group 5), and the last group was treated with dulaglutide & cilostazol (group 6). At the end of the experiment, the weight of rats and systolic blood pressure were estimated. After overnight fasting, the serum levels of blood glucose, lipid profile, and kidney function were measured. After scarification, gene expression of eNOS and NFKB in kidney tissue were estimated and kidney tissues were examined for histopathology. Results: Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in body weight, blood pressure, serum blood glucose, lipid profile, and impaired kidney function. Metformin and dulaglutide are associated with a significant decrease in blood pressure, blood glucose level, serum lipid profile, and improved kidney function. These changes are associated with a significant increase in anti-oxidative markers, and decreased inflammatory and fibrotic markers, especially with the addition of cilostazol. Conclusion: Metformin and dulaglutide have been shown to ameliorate kidney damage in diabetics by stimulating the anti-oxidant defense system, normalizing kidney functional parameters, and improving histopathological changes. The addition of cilostazol to metformin or dulaglutide increased some of their anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatory properties.

Language independent optical character recognition for hand written text

8th International Multitopic Conference, 2004. Proceedings of INMIC 2004.

The OCRs that deal with more than one language can be of two types I . Multilingual OCRs. 2. Lari... more

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Severe Acute Lung Injury

Chest, 2010

E xperimental studies have provided evidence indi- cating that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may b... more E xperimental studies have provided evidence indi- cating that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may be useful for the treatment of a variety of clinical disorders, including sepsis, acute renal failure, acute myocardial infarction, and more recently, acute lung injury (ALI). Based on these preclinical studies, MSC reduce the severity of organ injury as well as enhance recovery. The objectives of this article are the following: (1) to discuss briefl y the general properties of MSC, (2) to review key experimental studies that support the potential value of MSC for treatment of clinical ALI, (3) to consider which patients with ALI might be the best candidates for cell-based therapy, and (4) to outline the steps that will be required to test allogeneic human MSC for patients with ALI. MSC are multipotent adult stem cells that were fi rst isolated from the bone marrow and have the capacity to differentiate into bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, and fi broblasts. MSC do not possess the plasticity of embryonic stem cells, but they offer practical advantages because of their ease of isolation and propagation and also because their use does not generate the ethical issues that are often raised by the use of embryonic stem cells. 1 MSC were originally characterized in 1968 by Friedenstein and colleagues, 2 who reported that bone marrow stromal cells were adherent, fi broblastic in appearance, and clonogenic. Subsequent work indicated that adult MSC can be isolated from several human tissues, including bone

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Different Handwritten Character Recognition Methods: A Review

2019 Global Conference for Advancement in Technology (GCAT), Oct 1, 2019

One of the PC related issues that are being looked for and investigated is the means by which a p... more One of the PC related issues that are being looked for and investigated is the means by which a picture can be perceived and characterized. How PCs can perceive pictures like people who perceive the picture. One that can be perceived from a picture is handwritten. Handwritten recognition can help with human work, for example, check investigation and for manually written structure handling. In recognition of picture, the view point, light conditions, and whether the caught picture is clear or not will influence the way toward perceiving the picture. There are a few techniques to be examined in this paper; in this paper to be talked about is a strategy that can be utilized for handwritten recognition.

Arabic Handwritten Character Recognition Using Machine Learning Approaches

This paper presents a statistical framework for recognising 2D shapes which are represented as an... more This paper presents a statistical framework for recognising 2D shapes which are represented as an arrangement of curves or strokes. The approach is a hierarchical one which mixes geometric and symbolic information in a three-layer architecture. Each curve primitive is represented using a point-distribution model which describes how its shape varies over a set of training data. We assign stroke labels to the primitives and these indicate to which class they belong. Shapes are decomposed into an arrangement of primitives and the global shape representation has two components. The first of these is a second point distribution model that is used to represent the geometric arrangement of the curve centre-points. The second component is a string of stroke labels that represents the symbolic arrangement of strokes. Hence each shape can be represented by a set of centre-point deformation parameters and a dictionary of permissible stroke label configurations. The hierarchy is a two-level architecture in which the curve models reside at the nonterminal lower level of the tree. The top level represents the curve arrangements allowed by the dictionary of permissible stroke combinations. The aim in recognition is to minimise the cross entropy between the probability distributions for geometric alignment errors and curve label errors. We show how the stroke parameters, shape-alignment parameters and stroke labels may be recovered by applying the expectation maximization EM algorithm to the utility measure. We apply the resulting shape-recognition method to Arabic character recognition.

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An Efficient Character Segmentation Algorithm for Recognition of Arabic Handwritten Script

This manuscript proposed a new novel algorithm for vertical segmentation because the accuracy of ... more This manuscript proposed a new novel algorithm for vertical segmentation because the accuracy of recognition will be very high if there is a good character segmentation. For the purpose of locate the segmentation points used the word image thinning to fetch the width of stroke of one pixel and to detect the ligatures of Arabic characters geometry and shape are used in the segmentation procedure. The proposed segmentation approach is worked with touching characters, in case of ligatures touching segmentation existing between the characters of consecutive closed and the existence of ligatures within characters in the case of open characters. It evaluated on IFN/ENIT, AHDB and our dataset. It shows higher accuracy with an excellent performance by decreasing over-segmentation problem which showed through open characters segmentation and correct the segmentation in cases of the touching characters or the miss-segmentation errors in images of word.

Effect of short-term erythropoietin therapy on insulin resistance and serum levels of leptin and neuropeptide Y in hemodialysis patients

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2017

Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition, in which a higher than normal insulin concentration is ne... more Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition, in which a higher than normal insulin concentration is needed to achieve a normal metabolic response. As long as hyperinsulinemia is adequate to overcome IR, glucose tolerance remains normal. Compensatory increases in renal tubular uptake and excretion of insulin in the setting of diminished glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were reported as early as 1970. Numerous factors related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been implicated in the etiology of IR. These include uremic toxins, chronic metabolic acidosis, intracellular ion homeostasis disequilibrium, as well as qualitative and quantitative disturbances of insulin receptors on adipocytes, skeletal muscle cells and hepatocytes, cytokines produced by adipocytes (adipocytokines), chronic inflammation as well as low physical activity. DeFronzo et al. demonstrated that resistance to insulin in patients with CKD developed mainly in peripheral tissues. At the same time, no impairment of hepatic glucose uptake or inhibition of glucose synthesis in the liver was observed. Treatment of IR in CKD patients can be achieved by hemodialysis, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, thiazolidinedione, treatment of calcium and phosphate disturbances, and recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo). Nondiabetic patients with an increased serum leptin concentration have been reported to have a higher risk of IR. Leptin seems to play an important role in the regulation Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) is a known complication of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). It may be an important therapeutic target in stages of chronic kidney disease. Aim: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of short-term treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) therapy on IR, serum leptin, and neuropeptide Y in ESKD patients on hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty ESKD patients were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned into two groups. Erythropoietin (rHuEpo) group consisted of 15 patients (7 females, 8 males, mean age 47.8 ± 9.3 years) treated with rHuEpo therapy after each session of dialysis. No-rHuEpo group consisted of 15 patients (7 females, 8 males, mean age 45.5 ± 8.6 years) not treated with rHuEpo. In addition to, control group consisted of 15 healthy controls (6 females, 9 males, mean age 48.8 ± 11 years). Results: The mean fasting insulin (11 ± 4.2 mU/L) and homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) test (2.6 ± 1.1) were significantly higher in ESKD patients than control group (6.6 ± 1.4 mU/L and 1.5 ± 0.3, respectively). There were significant decreases in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (5.6 ± 1%), fasting insulin level (9.3 ± 3.1 µU/mL), HOMA-IR (2.2 ± 0.7), and serum leptin levels (17.4 ± 8.7 ng/mL) also significant increase in neuropeptide Y levels (113 ± 9.9 pg/mL) after 3 months of rHuEpo therapy, in addition to further significantly decrease fasting insulin levels (7.1 ± 2.1 µU/mL) and HOMA-IR (1.7 ± 6) after 6 months in rHuEpo group. In contrast, there were significantly increases in HbA1c% (5.9 ± 0.5%) and leptin levels (42.3 ± 25.3 ng/mL) in No-rHuEpo group throughout the study. Conclusion: IR and hyperleptinemia are improved by recombinant human erythropoietin therapy.

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Estradiol Down-Regulates Gene Expression of Angiotensin-II Receptor Type One in Ovariectomized Rats

International journal of innovative research in medical science, Aug 25, 2017

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Effect of Coronary Reperfusion Therapy on Inflammatory Markers, Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance in Ischemic Patients

International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Apr 19, 2018

Background: Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and surgical coronar... more Background: Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and surgical coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for coronary artery disease may have inflammatory response. Insulin resistance-associated dysfunction of lipid metabolism can promote both systemic and local inflammatory responses that participate in the development of coronary artery disease. Objective: The aim of our work is to determine the changes in serum adiponectin level, high sensitive C-reactive protein in patients who underwent PCI and surgical CABG for coronary artery disease and compare the effect of both revascularization procedures on these parameters in non-diabetic ischemic patients after one month. Also we investigated whether or not there was a relation between their levels and insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: 40 patients with ischemic heart disease who underwent the procedure of reperfusion therapy are reevaluated one month after intervention by either PCI or CABG. Serum adiponectin, insulin & high sensitive C-reactive protein were measured and insulin resistance was assessed using HOMA-IR index. Results: High sensitive C reactive protein, Insulin and adiponectin levels decreased significantly in patients after PCI with p-value <0.05.One month after revascularization, high sensitive C reactive protein and adiponectin levels were significantly higher in patients exposed to CABG in comparison to patients exposed to PCI. Insulin resistance as indicated by HOMA-IR was elevated in patients one month after CABG with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: PCI causes less reperfusion injury compared to CABG procedure depending on high sensitive C-reactive protein as predictor of reperfusion injury after revascularization by PCI in ischemic patients.

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Efficient Algorithms for Text Lines and Words Segmentation for Recognition of Arabic Handwritten Script

Advances in intelligent systems and computing, 2019

A new methodology for Arabic handwritten document images segmentation is done in this paper to se... more A new methodology for Arabic handwritten document images segmentation is done in this paper to segment the documents into distinct entities as words and text lines. Based on features of Arabic scripts, the document images are divided into three main subsets of connected components where the Hough transform method is applied to them to achieve text lines segmentation. To enhance the result by avoiding the Hough transform text line detection failure, the authors used a method in postprocessing stage based on skeletonization that covers the possible false correction alarms to create proficiency vertical connected characters’ segmentation. The segmentation of the Arabic words is pointed as a two-class problem. The authors used fusion of convex and Euclidean distance metrics to calculate the distance between neighboring overlapped components, which in the Gaussian mixture modeling framework is classified as a distance of an intra-word or as an inter-word. The proposed method performance is depended on a constant and particular evaluation method that appropriate measures of the performance used to compare the segmentation of our result against the other strong researcher result. The proposed method showed higher efficiency and accuracy in the experimentation, which was conducted on two various Arabic handwriting datasets that are IFN/ENIT and AHDB.

A novel features and classifiers fusion technique for recognition of Arabic handwritten character script

SN applied sciences, Sep 26, 2019

Arabic is the one of the fifth spoken language across the globe (422 million speak Arabic). Accur... more Arabic is the one of the fifth spoken language across the globe (422 million speak Arabic). Accurate recognition of Arabic characters is a challenging work because of two reasons; firstly, major dissimilarities and minor similarities with other languages and secondly right to left writing style. Hence, good quality features are to be extracted and better classifiers are required to develop the optical character recognition of Arabic characters/font. This manuscript explores automatic and appropriate selection of classifiers and features sets for recognition of character in Arabic handwritten script. After analyzing the problem, this manuscript investigates a new model which is concentrated on fusion strategy. To achieve this objective, fusion of various classifiers and features has been done. The suggested work is on multi-font script recognition that contains fonts of SH Roqa, Naskh, Farsi, and Igaza. To perform experimentation, different classifiers and features which are appropriate to the script recognition for Arabic font nature have been considered and implemented. The suggested work has been executed on AHCD and IFN/ENIT datasets. The experimentation results indicate that fusion strategies bring results better than traditional methods.

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A Survey on Arabic Handwritten Character Recognition

SN computer science, May 1, 2020

There are much heavy studies on handwritten character recognition (HCR) for nearly previous four ... more There are much heavy studies on handwritten character recognition (HCR) for nearly previous four decades. The research on some of the common script like Arabic, Indian and Chinese has been done. This manuscript presents a survey of character recognition on Arabic script, and most of the popular published paper methods are summarized and also analyzed different methods for building a robust system of HCR and included some future research on recognition direction of handwritten character. The paper analyzed and presented various algorithms with respect to preprocessing methods, segmentation methods, feature extraction methods and various classification approaches of the Arabic character recognition.

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The Potential Therapeutic Effect of Orexin-Treated versus Orexin-Untreated Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Journal of Diabetes Research

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by resistance to peripheral... more Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by resistance to peripheral insulin actions. Mesenchymal stem cells have been studied for years in T2DM therapy, including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). Orexin neuropeptides (A and B) are well-known regulators of appetite and physical activity. The aim of this work was to elucidate the possible therapeutic effect of AD-MSC preconditioning with orexin A (OXA) on insulin resistance in rats. Twenty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups: a normal control group and 3 diabetic groups (a control T2DM group, diabetic rats treated by an AD-MSCs group, and diabetic rats treated by AD-MSCs preconditioned with OXA). We noticed that the treated groups showed a significant alleviation of insulin resistance parameters as shown in lowering the serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and HOMA-IR as compared to the control diabetic group with more...

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Developing a Conceptual Framework Suitable for E-Health in War-torn Zones: The Case of Libya Conflict Regions

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020

The myriads of healthcare challenges are no doubt more complex among nations under the siege of w... more The myriads of healthcare challenges are no doubt more complex among nations under the siege of war and conflicts, such as the case of Libya. The healthcare systems are mostly overburdened due to escalated cases of injury, poor hygiene and limited number of medical expertise. Libya prior to the civil uprising had depended on foreign medical expertise, and as a result of the uprising these experts were forced to relocate. Series of civil conflict and random attacks has further weakened the health care system in Libya, which is basically the traditional or conventional system. This conventional system of health record management, diagnosis and prescription can easily be damaged or loss in the phase of conflict. Application of ICT in the health sector known as e-health has proffered solutions to most of these challenges through electronic health record management, diagnosis, booking appointments and medical prescriptions. Hence health records can be accessed online and easily on reques...

Technology Readiness Index 2.0 as Predictors of E-Health Readiness among Potential Users: A Case of Conflict Regions in Libya

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020

The use of various e-health products to improve health care services delivery is a viable solutio... more The use of various e-health products to improve health care services delivery is a viable solution to health challenges all over developing countries and more importantly the regions battling with conflict. This is important considering the damages to the health record and the risk of attack during transit to healthcare facilities among several other challenges. While the sustainability of e-health is an issue that still poses a challenge to the developing world. That is, implementation framework to support the long-term sustainability of E-Health systems in conflict regions and generally the developing countries faces enormous challenges. Accordingly, evidences abound among developing countries that several E-Health pilot projects could not progress to full-scale implementation. Several studies have indicated that the success of E-Health implementation is linked to the acceptance of such technology by end-users (Michel-Verkerke, Stegwee, & Spil, 2015; Fanta & Pretorius, 2018). This...

Survey on Segmentation and Recognition of Handwritten Arabic Script

SN Computer Science, 2020

The issue of handwritten recognition in Arabic script nature has attracted many researchers from ... more The issue of handwritten recognition in Arabic script nature has attracted many researchers from both academic and industrial fields. But their efforts have not reached satisfying outcomes till now. In this paper, a survey has been done in segmentation and recognition of handwritten documents in Arabic script. Most of the previous published works have been analyzed, and some remedies have been suggested. Various strategies used for creating a powerful recognition system have been summarized. This paper presents various algorithms with respect to text, word and characters segmentation and recognition of Arabic document. It analyzes the recognition stage of Arabic script depending on segmentation strategies.

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Awake Nasal Fiberoptic Intubation in Lateral Position for Severely Obese Patients with Anticipated Difficult Airway: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Healthcare

Background: Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for difficult intubation. To safely manage a... more Background: Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for difficult intubation. To safely manage and overcome airway challenges in severely obese patients with a suspected difficult airway, awake fiberoptic intubation is recommended. We aimed to investigate the utility of awake nasal fiberoptic intubation in severely obese patients with suspected difficult airway while positioning them in the lateral decubitus position. Methods: This randomized controlled trial compared lateral and supine positions for awake nasal fiberoptic intubation in severely obese patients with an anticipated difficult airway by assessing the success rate, time needed to secure the airway, peri-procedural adverse events, and postoperative satisfaction of patients. Results: Sixty patients with a median age of 37 [inter-quartile range (IQR): 29–44] years were included, of which 47 (78.3%) were females. The median body mass index (BMI) was 45.5 [IQR: 42.5–50.8] kg/m2. The success rate of fiberoptic intubation was ...

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Assessing The Effect of Modified Bluegrass S Conventional Lingual Spurs in The Correction Of Open Bite associated with Tongue Thrust : Comparative study

Ain Shams Dental Journal

Introduction : the aim of this comparative randomized clinical trail (RCT), was to study the effe... more Introduction : the aim of this comparative randomized clinical trail (RCT), was to study the effect of Modified Bluegrass "Non-Punitive therapy" on tongue thrust and dentoalvolar structure and to compare it with Conventional Lingual Spurs "Punitive therapy" for an early correction of anterior open bite in mixed and early permanent dentition. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 20 subjects recruited at Ain Shams university ,orthodontic clinic Ain Shams University. Randomly allocated into 2 groups of subjects, with anterior open bite and Class I malocclusion , 5 subjects were excluded due to not completing follow up process. Group 1(G1) comprised 7 patients treated with Conventional lingual spurs with a mean initial age of 11.14 years (SD, ±1.86). Group 2(G2) consisted of 8 patients treated with Modified Bluegrass appliance, with a mean age of 10.38 years (SD, ±2.45). Results: Baseline demographic and cephalometric characteristics were similar between groups. There were significantly greater overbite improvement in both groups, slightly more in G1(3.2±2.69) than in the G2,(2.2±1.32),with no statistical Conclusions: Both appliances resulted in an improvement of overbite and tongue position during an early open-bite correction , with similar dentoskeletal changes were observed in both groups after I year of treatment. However ,the C.L.S group showed significant reduction in Mandibular plane angle than the M.B.G group .

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Study on Malting Condition of Millet and Sorghum Grains and the Use of the Malt in Bread Making

DEDUCATION It is impossible to name all those good friends whom encouraged me, I can only say, th... more

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