ajay Bansal

Synthesis of rGO/TiO2 Nanocomposite for the Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of RhB Dye

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2019

In this work, the successful synthesis of reduced graphene oxide–TiO2 (rGO/T) photocatalysts with... more In this work, the successful synthesis of reduced graphene oxide–TiO2 (rGO/T) photocatalysts with various concentrations of GO (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) has been reported. The synthesis of rGO/T photocatalysts was done by the photo-assisted reduction of GO to rGO using ultraviolet radiation followed by the hydrothermal deposition of rGO onto the TiO2. The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXs) techniques. The photocatalysts were used for the photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. The photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye of 10 ppm was successfully carried out under UV light, as well as solar light irradiation over rGO/T photocatalysts. Here, the influence of GO over the photoactivity of TiO2 was explored. It was found that the synthesized rGO/T photocatalysts exhibit enhanced photocatalytic efficiency as compared to unmodified TiO2. The rate of photodegradation of RhB dye was successfully fitted by Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model.

Axial dispersion in packed bed reactors involving viscoinelastic and viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluids

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2012

Axial dispersion is an important parameter in the performance of packed bed reactors. A lot of fl... more Axial dispersion is an important parameter in the performance of packed bed reactors. A lot of fluids exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour but the effect of rheological parameters on axial dispersion is not available in literature. The effect of rheology on axial dispersion has been analysed for viscoinelastic and viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluids. Aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose and polyacrylamide have been chosen to represent viscoinelastic and viscoelastic liquid-phases. Axial dispersion has been measured in terms of Bo L number. The single parameter axial dispersion model has been applied to analyse RTD response curve. The Bo L numbers were observed to increase with increase in liquid flow rate and consistency index 'K' for viscoinelastic as well as viscoelastic fluids. Bodenstein correlation for Newtonian fluids proposed has been modified to account for the effect of fluid rheology. Further, Weissenberg number is introduced to quantify the effect of viscoelasticity.

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Two-Phase Pressure Drop in a Trickle Bed Reactor Involving Newtonian/Non-Newtonian Liquid Phase

Chemical Engineering Communications, 2008

Background: The unmet needs for health care have been used as an alternative measurement to monit... more Background: The unmet needs for health care have been used as an alternative measurement to monitor equity in health services. We sought to examine contextual influences on unmet needs for health care whereas precedent studies have been focused on individual characteristics on them. Methods and Findings: The current study conducted multilevel logistic regression analysis to assess the effects of individual-and contextual-level predictors in meeting individual health care needs in South Korea. We sampled 7,200 individuals over the age of 19 in the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2009. Included in the regression model were individual predictors such as demographic variables, socioeconomic status, and self-rated health; the density of beds and physicians in public and private sectors within different regions were used as contextual-level predictors. This study showed the inverse association between unmet needs and regional resources in private sectors after controlling for the effects of individual-level predictors. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increasing regional resources in private sectors might produce inefficiency in the health care system and inequity in access to health services, particularly where the competition in private health care sectors was highly stimulated under the fee-for-service reimbursement scheme. Policies for the reallocation of health care resources and for reduction of individual health care costs are needed in Korea.

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Study Of Flow Behavior Of Aqueous Solution Of Rhodamine B In Annular Reactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

The present study deals with the modeling and simulation of flow through an annular reactor at di... more The present study deals with the modeling and simulation of flow through an annular reactor at different hydrodynamic conditions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the flow behavior. CFD modeling was utilized to predict velocity distribution and average velocity in the annular geometry. The results of CFD simulations were compared with the mathematically derived equations and already developed correlations for validation purposes. CFD modeling was found suitable for predicting the flow characteristics in annular geometry under laminar flow conditions. It was observed that CFD also provides local values of the parameters of interest in addition to the average values for the simulated geometry.

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Application of Neural Network for Estimating Properties of Diesel–Biodieselblends

International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2010

Soybean oil was transesterified with methanol in the presence of alkaline catalyst to produce met... more Soybean oil was transesterified with methanol in the presence of alkaline catalyst to produce methyl esters commonly known as biodiesel. Biodiesel and diesel blends were prepared and tested in laboratory for flash point, fire point, viscosity and density. Seven neural network architectures, three training algorithms along with ten different sets of weight and biases were examined to predict the above-mentioned properties of diesel and biodiesel blends. The best suited neural network and training algorithm were selected and further generalized to improve its performance by using early stopping technique. The results showed that the neural network having an architecture 2-7-4 with Levernberg-Marquardt algorithm gave the best estimate for the properties of diesel-biodiesel blends.

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Assessment of groundwater quality near municipal solid waste landfill by an Aggregate Index Method

International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2012

Leachate generated from municipal solid waste landfill site affects the groundwater quality in th... more Leachate generated from municipal solid waste landfill site affects the groundwater quality in the adjacent areas through percolation in the subsoil. In this study, Aggregate Index method is applied to determine the quality of groundwater around a municipal solid waste dumping site. As the aggregate index is an increasing function of the distance from the landfill site, the groundwater quality improves as one move away from the landfill site. Aggregate index decreases with increase in time. Thus, water quality goes down with time. It may be due to the reason that with the passage of time the solid waste material gets degraded and the waste constituents percolate down along with rainwater thereby polluting groundwater. Hence, some remedial measures are required to prevent further contamination of groundwater in the vicinity.

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Production of self-cleaning cement using modified titanium dioxide

The present work explores the applications of titanium dioxide and photocatalysis to produce self... more The present work explores the applications of titanium dioxide and photocatalysis to produce self-cleaning cement. In the present study, self-cleaning cement was prepared using titanium dioxide and white cement. To enhance the performance, titanium dioxide was also doped with Ag, and further used for preparation of self-cleaning cement. The doped titanium dioxide was characterized using XRD and TEM. The surface of prepared cement samples were analyzed using SEM. The self-cleaning ability of the prepared cement samples were evaluated in a photocatalytic activity test under sunlight as well as artificial UV-light. It has been observed that prepared cement samples are able to clean their surfaces.

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Engineering Applications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Studies on the Biodegradation of Azo Dyes by White Rot Fungi Phlebia Radiata

Dye degradations by white rot fungi have been studied in the presence of an easily metabolizable ... more Dye degradations by white rot fungi have been studied in the presence of an easily metabolizable external carbon source that is unlikely to be present in waste water. For wastewater treatment, it is important to study the potential of white rot fungi to decolorize the azo dyes in the absence of external carbon source. The potential of D. flavida to decolorize the azo dyes in the absence of external carbon source has been studied. Decolorization of Amaranth, Metanil yellow, Trypan blue and Chlorazole black was studied with D. flavida. Decolorization was studied in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks at 36°C, stationary, 50 ml N-limited medium with dye 50 mg/l in the absence and presence of glucose. Decolorization and enzyme activity were measured. It was observed that decolorization for Amaranth was 99% after five days, Metanil yellow 82.5% after 10 days, Trypan blue 99% and Chlorazole black E 72% after 10 days of treatment both in the absence and presence of glucose. UV-VIS spectra of dyes before and after the treatment of dyes with D. flavida showed a decrease in the absorbance at their maximum absorption wavelength in visible region and a shift towards shorter wavelength indicating the degradation of dyes. It showed that D. flavida could be used for the treatment of azo dyes in waste water without an external carbon source for reduction of cost.

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Study Of Flow Behavior Of Aqueous Solution Of Rhodamine B In Annular Reactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

The present study deals with the modeling and simulation of flow through an annular reactor at di... more The present study deals with the modeling and simulation of flow through an annular reactor at different hydrodynamic conditions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the flow behavior. CFD modeling was utilized to predict velocity distribution and average velocity in the annular geometry. The results of CFD simulations were compared with the mathematically derived equations and already developed correlations for validation purposes. CFD modeling was found suitable for predicting the flow characteristics in annular geometry under laminar flow conditions. It was observed that CFD also provides local values of the parameters of interest in addition to the average values for the simulated geometry.

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Application of Neural Network for Estimating Properties of Diesel–Biodieselblends

International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2010

Soybean oil was transesterified with methanol in the presence of alkaline catalyst to produce met... more Soybean oil was transesterified with methanol in the presence of alkaline catalyst to produce methyl esters commonly known as biodiesel. Biodiesel and diesel blends were prepared and tested in laboratory for flash point, fire point, viscosity and density. Seven neural network architectures, three training algorithms along with ten different sets of weight and biases were examined to predict the above-mentioned properties of diesel and biodiesel blends. The best suited neural network and training algorithm were selected and further generalized to improve its performance by using early stopping technique. The results showed that the neural network having an architecture 2-7-4 with Levernberg-Marquardt algorithm gave the best estimate for the properties of diesel-biodiesel blends.

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Performance of titania based nano-photocatalysts on the degradation of orange G azo dye

Proceedings of the 5th IASME/WSEAS …, 2010

Dyes create severe environmental problems by releasing toxic and potentially carcinogenic substan... more

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RTD in Trickle Bed Reactors: Experimental Study

Chemical Engineering Communications, 2007

Axial dispersion has been measured in a laboratory-scale model trickle bed reactor at different l... more

Comparative Studies on Uptake of Wastewater Nutrients by Immobilized Cells of Chlorella minutissima and Dairy Waste Isolated Algae

Indian Chemical Engineer, 2011

The present study has been carried out to assess the nutrient removal potential of two different ... more The present study has been carried out to assess the nutrient removal potential of two different algal species in immobilized alginate beads for nutrient removal from wastewater. Chlorella minutissima and wild algae isolated from a local dairy waste treatment plant were used in the study. The percentage removal of nutrients (ammonia-N, phosphate and nitrate-N) by algal alginate beads at different

RTD in trickle bed reactors: Experimental study

Axial dispersion has been measured in a laboratory-scale model trickle bed reactor at different l... more

Flow regime transition in a trickle bed reactor

... DOI: 10.1080/009864490522597 AJAY BANSAL a , RK WANCHOO a * & SK SHARMA a pages 1046-1066... more

Production of biodiesel from wastewater grown Chlorella minutissima

The present study has been undertaken to assess integrated algal harvesting in sewage wastewater ... more The present study has been undertaken to assess integrated algal harvesting in sewage wastewater for biodiesel feedstock. Chlorella minutissima microalgae are grown in wastewater from local hotel sewage drain and produced biomass is used to produce biodiesel. C. minutissima effectively removes the wastewater nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus with the 99.19% and 96% removal respectively. Content of oil in produced algal biomass is drastically reduced i.e. 4% in response to 57% of total dry biomass reported in literature. The extracted oil mainly consists of small chain fatty acids (C-16:0, C-18:1, C-18:2, C-18:3). Transesterification reaction shows that maximum fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) concentration is converted from free fatty acids of oil during 1-2 h at 65°C.

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Photocatalytic Degradation of Amaranth Dye in Aqueous Solution Using Sol-gel Coated Cotton Fabric

Immobilization of nanosized titanium dioxide on cotton fabric enhances the dye degradation effici... more Immobilization of nanosized titanium dioxide on cotton fabric enhances the dye degradation efficiency of the photocatalyst due to dual effect of adsorption and photodegradation. The present study involves the process of immobilizatrion of titania particles on cotton fabric to overcome the drawbacks encountered with the powdered suspensions. The solgel coated cotton fabric was used to degrade the amaranth dye in aqueous solution in order to evaluate the photocatalytic performance. The prepared fabric showed enhanced dye degradation capabilities.

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To study the effect of leachate treated with scrap tire shreds and gravel on soil and groundwater

Current World Environment, 2010

In Delhi, the capital of India, alone more than 5000 tonnes of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is gen... more

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Characterization, activity and process optimization with a biomass-based thermal power plant's fly ash as a potential catalyst for biodiesel production

RSC Adv., 2015

A typical thermal power plant operated using 70–80% gram straw, 10–15% cotton straw, 5–10% wheat ... more

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