me Warren

Followers

Following

Public Views

Interests

Uploads

Papers by me Warren

Rethinking democratic representation: eight theoretical issues and a postscript1

The Constructivist Turn in Political Representation

This chapter offers here a sketch of eight theoretical issues that are fundamental to rethinking ... more This chapter offers here a sketch of eight theoretical issues that are fundamental to rethinking the problems and potentials of political representation under emerging conditions. The issues include: (1) the relational character of representation; (2) the role that trusteeship plays in forms of democratic representation; (3) an assessment of representation in terms of both input and output; (4) representation considered as a political practice; (5) the way in which representation is constituted by and within political processes; (6) the objects of representation: who and what are represented; (7) the question of who is a democratic representative; and (8) the relationship between authorization and accountability in informal representation. In each of these dimensions the theory of representation in democracies needs refurbishing, a task that requires returning to the concept of representation in a more systematic way, also taking on board theoretical intuitions from deliberative, pa...

The Meaning of Corruption in Democracies

Download

Citizen Participation and Democratic Deficits: Considerations from the Perspective of Democratic Theory

Activating the Citizen, 2009

Are there political problems faced by the developed democracies to which more citizen participati... more Are there political problems faced by the developed democracies to which more citizen participation is the answer? 1 From the perspective of democratic theory, the answer is clear and long-standing. Governments should be responsive to citizens as a consequence of citizen participation, through elections, pressure, public deliberation, petitioning, or other conduits. For these forms of participation to function democratically, all affected by the decisions of a government should have the opportunity to influence those decisions, in proportion to their stake in the outcome. From a normative perspective, governments are in democratic deficit when political arrangements fail the expectation that participation should elicit government responsiveness. From an empirical perspective, governments are in democratic deficit when their citizens come to believe that they cannot use their participatory opportunities and resources to achieve responsiveness. From a functional perspective, governments are in democratic deficit when they are unable to generate the legitimacy from democratic sources they need to govern. My aim in this chapter is to clarify the question of democratic deficits as they relate to the participatory elements of democracy. What would it mean to understand the participatory features of the developed democracies as 'in deficit'? To address this 1 I am grateful to Joan DeBardeleben for providing many of the examples from the European Union as well as paragraphs on pp. 10, 11, and 15, and suggested wording elsewhere. I thank Hilary Pearse and Laura Montanaro for their research assistance.

Download

La democracia contra la corrupción

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 2013

sociedad civil es el medio conductor para evitar la corrupción, analiza la participación de aquel... more sociedad civil es el medio conductor para evitar la corrupción, analiza la participación de aquella en la solución de este fenómeno. Asimismo, se pone énfasis en el papel del gobierno y de las asociaciones para la creación de una democracia que, a la larga, deberá combatir al "mal comportamiento de la política", como es denominada la corrupción. El autor demuestra que hay un vínculo intrínseco entre las formas democráticas de organizar las instituciones y el ejercicio de la política, llevando esto a resolver la corrupción.

Download

Political Readings of Nietzsche

Political Theory, 1998

... The architecture of The Birth of Tragedy depends on what Nietzsche referred to at the time as... more ... The architecture of The Birth of Tragedy depends on what Nietzsche referred to at the time as an "inverted Platonism," and in his 1886 preface ("An Attempt at Self-Criti-cism"), he noted that his early argument had relied ... Berkowitz misreads Nietzsche's own self-criticism in a ...

Institutionalizing Deliberative Democracy

Deliberation, Participation and Democracy, 2007

Research into the deliberative dimensions of democracy has been remarkably productive over the la... more Research into the deliberative dimensions of democracy has been remarkably productive over the last decade or so, spawning new insights into how deliberation functions within the many political venues that constitute contemporary democracies. Normative theories of deliberative democracy have justified and sometimes inspired a wide range of new institutional developments, from citizen juries, stakeholder meetings, deliberative polling, and deliberative forums to the Freedom of Information legislation that enhances public deliberation (Chambers, 2003; Gastil and Levine, 2005; Parkinson, 2006). The key claim of deliberative theories of democracy is simple and compelling: deliberative approaches to collective decisions under conditions of conflict produce better decisions than those resulting from alternative means of conducting politics: coercion, traditional deference, or markets. The decisions resulting from deliberation are likely to be more legitimate, more reasonable, more informed, more effective, and more politically viable (Cohen, 1996; Habermas, 1996; Gutmann and Thompson, 1996; Bohman, 1998).

What kind of civil society is best for democracy?

Portugese Journal of Social Sciences, 2004

The correlation between civil society and democracy and civil society has been so striking that w... more The correlation between civil society and democracy and civil society has been so striking that we now see them as reinforcing one another. But as we look more closely at civil societies, we find they can grow in ways that undermine democracy. This was the case in Weimar Germany, and it appears that many of the newest democracies are threatened by growing nationalism and religious sectarianism. Many new democracies are only nominally democratic, maintaining veneers of democratic institutions that mask authoritarian realities. While each case has its own logic and history, a political theorist's responsibility is conceptual: can we distinguish between civil societies that are good for democracy and those that are not? I argue that we can and must: by conceiving the multiple requirements of democracy and as well as differing associations that might serve those requirements, we can distinguish between civil societies that are good for democracy and those that are not. If we can make these distinctions, we might also understand how to design institutions that encourage and protect those features of civil society that underwrite democracy.

Can Participatory Democracy Produce Better Selves? Psychological Dimensions of Habermas's Discursive Model of Democracy

Political Psychology, 1993

Page 1. Political Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1993 Can Participatory Democracy Produce Better Sel... more

Microfabricated fluidic devices: new approaches to chemical measurements

Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis, 2001

Microfabricated fluidic devices (microchips) may allow a paradigm shift that greatly enhances the... more Microfabricated fluidic devices (microchips) may allow a paradigm shift that greatly enhances the ability to acquire chemical and biochemical information similar to the ways in which the transistor and integrated circuit have influenced access to electronically coded information[l,2]. Our work on moving conventional bench-top liquid phase assays to microfabricated fluidic devices will be described. The implementation of chemical separation strategies on microfabricated platforms is a key element of this so-called lab-on-a-chip technology. Many separations concepts have now been demonstrated on microfabricated structures, including capillary electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, open channel electrochromatography, solvent programmed micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography!!] and open channel electrochromatography[4], free flow electrophoresis, and isoelectric focusing. In most cases, these separation techniques were transferred from conventional approaches to microstructures with increased levels of performance. Moreover, microfabricated fluidic structures provide the added advantage of allowing monolithic integration of chemical processing functional elements with essentially zero dead volume interconnects. Chemical processing elements that have been integrated with chemical separations on microchips include preand post-separation derivitization, enzymatic digestion[5], polymerase chain reaction amplification, antigenic reactions[6], and preconcentration by stacking, solid phase extraction, and electrokinetic accumulation on a microfabricated membrane[7]. Fundamental advantages and disadvantages of microfabricated fluidic devices will be discussed.

Download

The Future of Public Deliberation on Health Issues

Hastings Center Report, 2012

Download

<title>Low-power multichip module and board-level links for data transfer</title>

Optoelectronic Interconnects and Packaging IV, 1997

Advanced device technologies such as Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) and difhcti... more Advanced device technologies such as Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) and difhctive micro lenses can be combined with novel packaging techniques to allow low-power interconnection of parallel optical signals. These interconnections can be realized directly on circuit boards, in a multi-chip module format, or in packages that emulate electrical connectors. For applications such as stacking of Multi-Chip Module (MCM) layers, the links may be realized in bi-directional form using integrated d i f t i v e microlenses. In the stacked MCM design, consumed electrical power is minimized by use of a relatively high laser output fiom high efficiency VCSELs, and a receiver design that is optimized for low power, at the expense of dynamic range. Within certain constraints, the design may be extended to other forms such as board-level interconnects.

Download

International Public Management Journal

Democracy and the Everyday Origins of Fairness

Governance-Driven Democratization

Deliberative negotiation

$Research paper thumbnail of Directional beam control using on/off-axis high-efficiency diffractive optics integrated on substrate-emitting wertical-cavity lasers$

Directional beam control using on/off-axis high-efficiency diffractive optics integrated on substrate-emitting wertical-cavity lasers

High efficiency surface-emitting semiconductor laser resonators

We have synthesized a new tool, a lasing phase diagram, for designing high efficiency surface-emi... more

Variation at soluble enzyme loci in four Lens species

Synthetic infrared spectra for correlation spectroscopy

SPIE Proceedings, 1997

As a first step toward the development of a new remote sensing technique that we call "holographi... more As a first step toward the development of a new remote sensing technique that we call "holographic correlation spectro~copy~,'~ we demonstrate that difiactive optics can be used to synthesize the infi-ared spectra of real compounds. In particular, we have designed, fabricated, and characterized a difiactive element that successfully reproduces the major features of the spectrum of gaseous HF in the region between 3600 cm-' and 4300 cm-'. The reflection-mode difiactive optic consists of 4096 lines, each 4.5 pm wide, at 16 discrete depths relative to the substrate (fi-om 0 to 1.2 pm), and was fabricated on a silicon wafer using anisotropic reactive ion-beam etching in a four-mask-level process. We envision the use difiactive elements of this type to replace the cumbersome reference cells of conventional correlation spectroscopy and thereby enable a new class of compact and versatile correlation spectrometers.

Download

Comprehensive numerical model for cw vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

We present a comprehensive numerical model for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers that inclu... more We present a comprehensive numerical model for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers that includes all major processes effecting cw operation of axisymmemc devices. In particular, our model includes a description of the 2D transpoxt of electrons and holes through the cladding layers to the quantum well(s), diffusion and recombination processes of these carriers within the wells, the 2D transport of heat throughout the device, and a multilateral mode effective index optical model. The optical gain aquired by photons traversing the quantum wells is computed including the effects of strained band structure and quantum confinement. We employ our model to predict the behavior of higher-order lateral modes in proton-implanted devices, and to provide an understanding of index-guiding in devices fabricated using selective oxidation. 1JNTRODUCTION Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (vcsels) are presently the subject of intense research due to their promise as compact, , manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recom-' mendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Download

me Warren

Uploads

Papers by me Warren

Log In