International journal of agriculture, environment and bioresearch, 2024
This study explores and identify possible solutions to reduce crop damages due to Human-Wildlife ... more This study explores and identify possible solutions to reduce crop damages due to Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) in the study areas. The study also provides information on types, extent and periods of damages, as well as perceptions and potential solutions to lessen crop loss and combat HWC. The study is supported by information gathered through the distribution of a questionnaire to Gewog1 Officials, Extension Agents2 and communities. The study's conclusions indicate that increasing incidences of HWC is associated with fragmentated wildlife habitats caused by rapid urbanization and infrastructure development, expanding agricultural activities, and regeneration of forest in fallow farmlands. The impediments in combating HWC issues are due to lack of enduring and effective long-term intervention measures. The study recommends installation of electric/solar and chain-link fencing around agricultural fields, development of compensation plans for farmers affected by wildlife, promotion and diversification of crops, and fostering community-based conservation programs involving local communities will strengthen harmonious balance between human and wildlife.
International Journal of Development Research, 2023
The effectiveness and sustainable waste management consist of addressing all the vital aspects: e... more The effectiveness and sustainable waste management consist of addressing all the vital aspects: economic, social, environmental, technological efficiency, and political willingness. In this study, the focus has been made to understand the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the Phobjikha valley waste management system in Bhutan through the use of statistical tools to analyze the data obtained through field surveys, visits, and literature reviews. The result establishes the positive evidence to support the initial understanding that there is a systemic flaw in the Phobjikha valley waste management system specifically the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the effective waste management system.
International Journal of Science and Research, 2024
This study attempts to analyze the characteristics, circumstances, or behavior that made Gandhi a... more This study attempts to analyze the characteristics, circumstances, or behavior that made Gandhi a leader. Further, the study examined Gandhi's approach to leadership principles, sources of power and influences routinely used by Gandhi for his effective leadership, and Gandhi's leadership style for actions and interactions with followers. Data on such variables are collected by desk reviewing past case studies, journal articles, reports, and book on Gandhi by different researchers, authors, and writers to establish the evidences. The study concludes that Gandhi was a national leader, a freedom fighter, a visionary, and a socialist reformer. His achievement in his life was a miracle and he lived in the hearts of millions of Indians and was respected by people around the world. Gandhi's naturally charismatic leadership inspires millions even after 76 years after his death, and he was one leader who possesses all the 11Cs 1 , such a leader is rare in this universe.
International Journal of Agriculture, environment and Bioresearch, 2024
This study explores and identify possible solutions to reduce crop damages due to Human-Wildlife ... more This study explores and identify possible solutions to reduce crop damages due to Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) in the study areas. The study also provides information on types, extent and periods of damages, as well as perceptions and potential solutions to lessen crop loss and combat HWC. The study is supported by information gathered through the distribution of a questionnaire to Gewog1 Officials, Extension Agents2 and communities. The study's conclusions indicate that increasing incidences of HWC is associated with fragmentated wildlife habitats caused by rapid urbanization and infrastructure development, expanding agricultural activities, and regeneration of forest in fallow farmlands. The impediments in combating HWC issues are due to lack of enduring and effective long-term intervention measures. The study recommends installation of electric/solar and chain-link fencing around agricultural fields, development of compensation plans for farmers affected by wildlife, promotion and diversification of crops, and fostering community-based conservation programs involving local communities will strengthen harmonious balance between human and wildlife.
International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research
This paper attempts to analyze that many organizations with the motivation to accomplish better o... more This paper attempts to analyze that many organizations with the motivation to accomplish better organizational results institute Performance Management System (PMS) formally and informally in their organizations. However, organizations have difficulty implementing a performance management system because its different dimensions are not consideredwhile in practice. The paper outlined the preliminary picture of the current situation of performance management appraisals generally and particularly applied by CSOs in Bhutan. The study further describes the findings of comparative analyses between the Management by Objectives (MBO) model and 360 feedback as applied by different organizations. Data were collected by desk reviewing past studies, reports, books, and journal articles on PMS by different researchers, authors, and writers to establish the interconnections and distinctions. The paper concluded with the resultsthat barriers to implementing effective PMS, recommendations, and via...
International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research
The study examines access to water, use and management of water resources and conflicts in the Lo... more The study examines access to water, use and management of water resources and conflicts in the Loisukut sub-catchment in Laikipia North Sub-Country. Additionally, the study provides information on grassroots initiatives that seek to improve and ensure equitable management of water resources by establishing connections with significant stakeholders. The study is supported by information acquired through the distribution of a questionnaire to various stakeholders, water users' groups, and communities. The study's conclusions indicate a relationship between water availability, consumption, and management that has a significant impact on water conflicts. The discrepancies in access to water are due to ineffective water management initiatives. The study recommends watershed conservation and diversifying pastoralists' economic opportunities will have positive effects on the environment, economy and society.
Bhutan lies at altitudes of 100-7500 m on the steep, long and complex southern slopes of the East... more Bhutan lies at altitudes of 100-7500 m on the steep, long and complex southern slopes of the Eastern Himalayas. Soil surveys show that, despite steep gradients, there are many moderately or deeply weathered soils. Many slopes are mantled with polycyclic, layered drift materials, so soil horizons owe as much to regolith heterogeneity as to pedogenesis. In the limited arable areas soil profiles are further complicated by rice cultivation and the construction, maintenance and irrigation of flat terraces on steep slopes. Some natural pedogenic horizonation is apparent, and there is an altitudinal zonation of soil types. Although the climate is warm and seasonally wet, most soils on the subtropical southern foothills are not particularly weathered and leached. The foothills are seismically active, and many soils are formed in unstable landslide debris. Elsewhere the regoliths are more stable. The main soils up to about 3000 m in the inner valleys are moderately weathered and leached, and have bright subsoil colours and thin dark topsoils. Above these there is a zone of bright orange-coloured non-volcanic andosolic soils. Further upslope there are acid soils with thick surface litter, stagnogleyic topsoils, and drab brown subsoils with organic cutans. These grade to weak podzols, which extend from about 3500 m up to the treeline, around 4000 m. Above this, alpine turf soils, with deep, dark, and friable topsoils and yellowish friable subsoils, are intermixed with unweathered glacial deposits. The interactions between pedogenesis and the deposition of the varied and layered drift materials complicate mapping and classification of the soils. Bhutan is the only independent survivor of the former Buddhist monarchies and theocracies in the Himalayas, as Ladakh, Mustang, Tibet and Sikkim are now subsumed into larger states. Bhutan ended its seclusion in the second half of the 20th century, but its location, topography and
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