Papers by Shigeki YOKOYAMA
Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 2012
To determine the effects of recent warming trends on agricultural production in Japan, in 2003 an... more To determine the effects of recent warming trends on agricultural production in Japan, in 2003 and 2005, surveys of the public institutes of agricultural research in 47 prefectures were conducted. The results suggest that recent warming trends have already significantly affected nearly all types of crops and livestock in Japan. All 47 prefectures reported warming effects on fruit tree cultivation and over 70% of prefectures recognized the effects on rice, vegetable and flower cultivation. Horticultural crops and rice are likely to be more sensitive to global warming than other agricultural crops and livestock. Our survey elucidated many effects of recent warming, such as phenological changes in many crops, increases in fruit coloring disorders and incidences of chalky rice kernels, reductions in yields of wheat, barley, vegetables, flowers, milk and eggs, and alterations in the type of disease and pest.
The Japanese journal of rural economics, 2015
Wonogiri in Central Java, Indonesia, is an erosion-prone reservoir area. Though cultivation of mo... more Wonogiri in Central Java, Indonesia, is an erosion-prone reservoir area. Though cultivation of mountainside slope is an important income source, it is the largest cause of rapid sedimentation in a downstream reservoir. In addition, it may not be a sustainable way of agriculture due to soil loss. For both sustainable regional economy and sustainable use of the reservoir, countermeasures for the upland crop field are being recommended. This research considered preferable development strategies, using estimated input-output data. Comparison of development scenarios implies that promotion of rice sector may be a preferable strategy.
緩衝地帯内のコミュニティに対する森林特別利用開発計画の影響:ベトナム,Bac Ma国立公園の事例
日本森林学会大会学術講演集, 2016
Impact of Special Use Forest Development Plan on communities inside buffer zone: A case of Bac Ma National Park, Vietnam
新技術採用と社会ネットワーク(フィリピン・ターラック州深井戸灌漑システムにおけるAWDの事例)
農業普及研究, Jun 15, 2009
Japanese Journal of Farm Management, 2005
Role of “mediator-cum-actor” in rural advisory service-Case from Madagascar rice technical assistance project
開発学研究, 2020
Increasing in water productivity in rice is crucial as irrigated rice production consume a substa... more Increasing in water productivity in rice is crucial as irrigated rice production consume a substantial part of the total world's fresh water. To promote the adoption of water saving technologies, farmers are provided with a tangible incentive to save water is necessary. The social experiment survey of volumetric pricing had been conducted in Bohol, the Philippines, where double rice cropping has been started since 2008 under gravity irrigation. The preliminary results showed that both economic incentive and technical training promoted the efficient water use.
Tropical agriculture and development, 2017
In response to the tightening supplies and growing demands for water on a global scale, the Inter... more In response to the tightening supplies and growing demands for water on a global scale, the International Rice Research Institute has attempted to diffuse a water-saving technology called alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) for rice farming in Asian countries. This study assessed the compatibility of AWD with local agriculture, based on field surveys in An Giang Province (AG), which is located in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Interviews with the local government staff that is responsible for AWD diffusion in AG indicated that farmers who used AWD realized not only water-saving effects, but also improvements in rice yield and growth. For instance, rice farming in the Mekong Delta has always suffered from culm lodging due to the flood plain location; however, farmers realized decline of culm lodging through AWD, and hence these additional benefits will help to further diffuse AWD. Moreover, these interviews illuminate that AWD can be used in certain natural, agro-engineering, and social settings, because it's an irrigation technology that requires precise water level control. For instance, higher-lying paddy fields tend to dry up earlier due to higher levels of percolation and seepage, while lower-lying fields are difficult to drain; therefore, mid-lying fields are best suited to AWD. This study highlights the importance of compatibility between AWD and the local agriculture in the diffusion process based on qualitative surveys, which should be quantitatively verified with statistical data and satellite images on a wider scale.
Employment and Income Structure in Irrigated Village, West Java
農業経済研究. 別冊, 日本農業経済学会論文集, Nov 30, 1998
タンザニア先進稲作地域におけるポスト「緑の革命」の課題
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2016
山口哲由 ( 農環研 )， Luu Minh Tuan ( アンジャン省植物防疫部 ), 南川和則 ( 農環研 )， 横山繁樹 (JIRCAS) キーワード ： AWD (alternative... more 山口哲由 ( 農環研 )， Luu Minh Tuan ( アンジャン省植物防疫部 ), 南川和則 ( 農環研 )， 横山繁樹 (JIRCAS) キーワード ： AWD (alternative wetting drying)， 農業技術普及， 再発明， 水田灌漑， メコンデルタ
E1 Nino Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Food Security : Case of Lampung, Indonesia in 1997/98
農業経営研究, Jun 25, 2005
Go to AGRIS search. Japanese Journal of Farm Management (Jun 2005). E1 Nino impacts, mitigation m... more Go to AGRIS search. Japanese Journal of Farm Management (Jun 2005). E1 Nino impacts, mitigation measures and food security: Case of Lampung, Indonesia in 1997/98. ...
Agricultural Water Management, Feb 1, 2019
Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is an irrigation technique developed to save water in paddy ri... more Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is an irrigation technique developed to save water in paddy rice farming. We investigated how local paddy irrigation conditions affected the adoption of AWD by farmers in An Giang province of the Mekong River Delta region, Vietnam. To this end, we used community-level statistics collected in the
ENSO Impacts on Food Crop Production in Asia and the Pacific
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2005
Monographs, 2002
El Nino induced weather abnormality, drought in particular, has become a regular part of the econ... more El Nino induced weather abnormality, drought in particular, has become a regular part of the economic and environmental problems of many countries in Asia and the Pacific, especially in the equatorial western pacific region. The multi-faceted concerns of El Nino and the subsequent effects on water resources and its long-term impacts on land degradation, food production, human lives, the nation's economy and environment is a common concern and therefore, served as a common platform for the focal points of sustainable development of the region. Food production in the region remains insecure due to the on-going changes in climate patterns and most especially, the increasing incidence of El Nino and La Nina, in addition to the usual patterns of dry spells and droughts. It could be worsened by the inefficient management of people and their respective natural resources. Science has a way to manage and formulate plans of action to prevent, reverse, and rehabilitate areas and people affected by human-induced disasters. However, in dealing with natural disasters like El Nino and La Nina, scientists can best provide advisories and early warning systems to minimize damage but so far, none of the scientific knowledge can be developed to prevent or reverse the occurrence of climate abnormality itself. Records indicate that during the last 100 years, there were about 23 events of El Nino and 15 events of La Nina. During the last 4 decades, it has been observed that incidences of El Nino increased from once every ten years to once every 3 years. Relatively weaker El Nino events occurred every 2 to 3 years and events that caused serious and widespread damage to crops, livestock and fishery sectors recur every 8 to 11 years. The impacts come in many forms, and each one has economic, social, and environmental impacts. Food and water supply to individual farm families are seriously impaired, causing them to migrate to nearby urban areas. Food security programs of some countries have to be reviewed and have to set aside scarce hard currency reserves to compete with other countries for whatever is available on the international market to augment their food reserves. Prolonged and severe dry spells encourage widespread forest-fires, as happened in Indonesia, and the resulting haze affected the daily lives and health of many people, not only from Indonesia but also adjoining countries like Singapore and Malaysia. The Philippines, a country highly dependent on agriculture, was severely damaged by the last 1997-1998 El Nino. Some 74,000 hectares of food producing areas in 18 provinces were affected and the production of rice and maize decreased by as much as 27 per cent and 44 per cent respectively (expected effects of 2002-03 El Nino in the Philippines are shown in Table and). El Nino parched the land and destroyed its cover and as the country was about to recover, within the next 2 to 3 years, or even the year after, La Nina, the other side of ENSO, brought too much rain and caused flash floods and once again damaged the crops, livestock, fisheries, and destroyed
Rural Development Issues in Bangladesh and Lessons from the Japanese Experience
Toshi keikaku rombunshū, Oct 25, 2006
Since Coleman and Putnam published their epoch-making works in the late 1980s and early 1990s, th... more Since Coleman and Putnam published their epoch-making works in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the notion of social capital has been considered a trump for eradicating poverty and enhancing the well-being of dwellers in backward areas of developing countries. This article aims to clarify whether social capital has a positive effect on utilization of medical service among poverty stricken urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh with a view to providing a useful practical framework for making community development strategies more effective in South Asia. The statistical analysis, based on the household data obtained from intensive structured survey conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and CARE-Bangladesh, clearly suggests that the higher the social capital levels are, the more slum dwellers are likely to get needed medical attention.
Marketing innovation for vegetables: conditions for diversification in uplan farming
... Marketing innovation for vegetables: Conditions of diversification in upland farming. Post a ... more ... Marketing innovation for vegetables: Conditions of diversification in upland farming. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Hayami, Yujiro (b. 1932, d. ----. PUBLISHER: Regional Co-ordination Centre for Research and ...
Exploring climate-resilient and risk-efficient cropping strategies using a new pond irrigation system: An experimental study in northern Ghana
Agricultural Systems, Jun 1, 2021
Abstract CONTEXT The planned interventions to enhance adaptation and build resilience of predomin... more Abstract CONTEXT The planned interventions to enhance adaptation and build resilience of predominantly rainfed and vulnerable smallholder production systems to climate change in African drylands include small-scale irrigation using rainwater harvesting reservoirs. However, the required technological improvement, participatory breakthroughs, institutional settings, farm risk management, and investment justification are rarely established comprehensively and integrated into adaptive planning. OBJECTIVES To develop and assess new reservoir-based climate-resilient and risk-efficient irrigation cropping strategies synthesizing technological, participatory, institutional, managerial, and investment capabilities. METHODS We crafted an innovative rice and vegetable pond irrigation system together with governance arrangements and cropping schedule adjustments tailored to the system. The system was validated through a five-year participatory on-farm experiment in northern Ghana. Using agronomic, hydrological, and socioeconomic data obtained from the experiments and surveys, we constructed and extended empirical bioeconomic models through simple risk programming to identify irrigation cropping strategies that are the most efficient in securing smallholders' food and income and resilient to interannual climate fluctuations. The net present values were computed to determine the financial effects of the identified strategies on the investment payback of the pond system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Shifting sowing dates allowed smallholders to irrigate timely, albeit sparingly, without compromising their autonomous adaptations in rainfed systems. Supplementary irrigation and improved weed control increased the average rice yield by 23%, more than doubled the profitability, and lowered the coefficients of its variation compared to that of rainfed rice (from 48% to 38%). Vegetable irrigation in the dry season was even more profitable. The risk-efficient cropping strategies identified by empirical models mostly combined multiple rainfed crop choices with balanced irrigation allocation between rice and vegetables, enabling food self-sufficiency and increased income level and stability. A 5000 m3 pond storage capacity was sufficient to secure these benefits under the observed climate fluctuations. The cropping strategy found to produce sufficient financial increments to achieve mid-term (8-to-12-years) payback of pond investment under the same level of risk that smallholders accepted under rainfed systems is among the most advisable. SIGNIFICANCE We addressed multidimensional challenges underlying planned adaptation through reservoir irrigation. The innovative pond system established can offer promising alternatives and complement smallholder autonomous adaptations to secure food and income under a changing climate. The identified strategic compromise between farm risk management and investment payback can reconcile local intention and policy guidance to develop concerted adaptation actions.
Uploads
Papers by Shigeki YOKOYAMA