Papers by Shekhar Pandharipande
Resource-Efficient Technologies, 2016
The present work reported a method for removal of benzeneacetic acid from water solution using Ca... more The present work reported a method for removal of benzeneacetic acid from water solution using CaO2 nanoparticle as adsorbent and modeling the adsorption process using artificial neural network (ANN). CaO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical precipitation technique. The characterization and confirmation of nanoparticles have been done by using different techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope (HR-FESEM),transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) analysis. ANN model was developed by using elite-ANN software. The network was trained using experimental data at optimum temperature and time with different CaO2 nanoparticle dosage (0.002-0.05 g) and initial benzeneacetic acid concentration (0.03-0.099 mol/L). Root mean square error (RMS) of 3.432, average percentage error (APE) of 5.813 and coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.989 were found for prediction and modeling of benzeneacetic acid removal. The trained artificial neural network is employed to predict the output of the given set of input parameters. The single-stage batch adsorber design of the adsorption of benzeneacetic acid onto CaO2 nanoparticles has been studied with well fitted Langmuir isotherm equation which is homogeneous and has monolayer sorption capacity.
Polymers were used as insulators of electricity & considered as non conducting material. Polyanil... more Polymers were used as insulators of electricity & considered as non conducting material. Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most commonly studied organic conducting polymer having wide applications. Chitosan is one of the most abundantly used biomaterial, which is similar to cellulose having easy biodegradability. Chitosan has various applications in industries such as medicine, food, textiles etc. It has potential to be used as sensing element in chemical and biosensor. The objective of the present work is to synthesize polyaniline grafted chitosan film followed by its characterization using FTIR, SEM & Electrochemical potential difference studies. Five film samples CP1-CP5 of varying proportions of these two materials are prepared. From the interpretation of IR data it is clear that the grafted copolymer PANi-g-chit has characteristic peaks of PANi and chitosan, which could be a strong evidence of grafting. SEM images of samples CP1 to CP5 have clearly indicated grafting of polyanil...
Osmotic dehydration is gaining importance as a better method of drying of fruits. There are sever... more Osmotic dehydration is gaining importance as a better method of drying of fruits. There are several advantages associated with osmotic dehydration that include, lower drying temperature, lower energy requirement & better product quality with retention of aroma, texture & valuable ingredients. The rate of dehydration under osmotic conditions is affected by the parameters, osmotic medium, concentration of osmotic solution, temperature & time. The objective of the present work is to study the effect of time, temperature and concentration of osmotic sugar solution on the weight reduction during dehydration of orange carpel. Based on the observations, results and discussion, it can be concluded that, orange carpel can be partially dewatered by osmotic dehydration using osmotic sugar solution. The % weight reduction obtained varied from 9 to 44 depending upon the operating parameters like sugar solution concentration, temperature and duration of osmosis. It is observed that the most favou...
Wheat grass is an excellent source of enzymes such as amylase, esterases, lipase etc. Use of enzy... more Wheat grass is an excellent source of enzymes such as amylase, esterases, lipase etc. Use of enzymes for deinking is emerging over the chemical deinking techniques considering the drawbacks of latter such as high environmental impact and costs. The present work examines chemical and enzymatic deinking procedures for Mixed Office Waste (MOW) and newspaper samples. The novel feature of the present study is use of wheat grass extract for acquiring the required enzyme while the chemical deinking process uses conventional method for deinking. The effectiveness of the process depends upon the retention time for enzymes during the enzymatic hydrolysis and the extent of use of bleaching chemicals for chemical deinking. The choice of the enzyme also depends upon the quality and the grade of the paper used. Extent of deinking is estimated by analysing the optical properties of hand sheet paper made. The results are encouraging and show a good potential in use of wheat grass extract in enzymat...
Genetic Algorithm for Constrained Optimization Models and Its Application in Groundwater Resources Management
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2008
ABSTRACT Genetic algorithms (GAs) have been shown to be an efficient tool for the solution of unc... more ABSTRACT Genetic algorithms (GAs) have been shown to be an efficient tool for the solution of unconstrained optimization problems. In their standard form, GA formulations are "blind" to the constraints of an optimization model when the model involves these constraints. Thus, in GA applications alternative procedures are used to satisfy the constraints of the optimization model. In this study, the method that is utilized in the Complex Algorithm to solve constrained optimization problems is abstracted to develop a repairing procedure for GAs. The proposed procedure, which handles infeasible solutions that may be generated in a standard GA process, is embedded into the conventional GA to yield an improved GA process (IGA) for the solution of optimization problems with equality and inequality constrains. Two numerical examples are included to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method for the solution of constrained optimization applications. Finally the IGA is successfully used to develop an optimal groundwater management plan for the Savannah, Ga. region.
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2014
Chemical reaction optimisation (CRO) is well suited in searching global solutions to varied natur... more Chemical reaction optimisation (CRO) is well suited in searching global solutions to varied nature of optimisation problems. It is amongst newer methods of evolutionary algorithms, nature inspired meta-heuristics for optimisation. A chemical reaction is a process of transforming reactants; the unstable substances into products the relatively stable ones. In chemical reactions, the reactants with some initial energy interact with each other through a sequence of elementary steps. At the end, molecules with minimum energy to support their stable structure are formed. This phenomenon is the source of inspiration in development of algorithm for CRO to get optimal solution. Present work aims at development of CRO using MATLAB ©. It also aims in study of dynamics of various parameters of CRO in searching optimum solutions. It is further extended in comparative studies of performance of CRO with other conventional as well as evolutionary optimisation methods such as Genetic Algorithm. Numerical experiments for two test functions in the category of non-linear constrained optimisation problems reported in the literature are carried. The results are indicative of the utility of CRO and its performance is observed at par with other optimisation methods. It can be concluded that there is lot of potential in CRO as an effective alternate optimisation method with universal applicability. There is need for more numerical experimentation to substantiate this claim.
Biocomposites are synthesized by two or more materials having bio source. These materials have at... more Biocomposites are synthesized by two or more materials having bio source. These materials have attributes that eliminate the weaknesses of individual materials while combining the strength. The present work is aimed at exploring the possible biocomposite synthesis, by using various proportions of biomaterials originating from agro source. Two types of bio composites have been synthesized, CBS comprising carbon, beeswax and starch whereas in CBSH, hydroxyapatite is also employed in addition to other materials. Based on visual observation, texture and other apparent physical properties, two samples have been selected for FTIR analysis. Based on the interpretation of which, two more samples have been synthesized for detailed analytical study that included compressive strength, SEM and EDX. Based on the interpretation of the findings of these analytical methods, it can be concluded that the present work has successfully synthesized these biocomposites. The compressive strength is obtain...
Osmotic dehydration can be viewed as an alternative method for drying of food materials with adva... more Osmotic dehydration can be viewed as an alternative method for drying of food materials with advantages of retention of gloss, texture & colour of dried products. Artificial neural network is emerging as a modeling tool for complex operations involving non linear multivariable relationships. The present work is aimed at estimation of the osmotic drying rates & weight reduction of beetroot slices as a function of concentration of sodium chloride, time & temperature using artificial neural network. Based on the observations, results & discussion, it can be said that, beetroot slices can be partially dewatered by osmotic dehydration in salt solution and percent weight loss is from 10 to 29 % depending upon the operating parameters. It can be concluded that the present work has successfully demonstrated the potential of ANN in modeling of osmotic dehydration of beetroot slices with high accuracy.
Chemical reaction optimisation (CRO) is well suited in searching global solutions to varied natur... more Chemical reaction optimisation (CRO) is well suited in searching global solutions to varied nature of optimisation problems. It is amongst newer methods of evolutionary algorithms, nature inspired meta-heuristics for optimisation. A chemical reaction is a process of transforming reactants; the unstable substances into products the relatively stable ones. In chemical reactions, the reactants with some initial energy interact with each other through a sequence of elementary steps. At the end, molecules with minimum energy to support their stable structure are formed. This phenomenon is the source of inspiration in development of algorithm for CRO to get optimal solution. Present work aims at development of CRO using MATLAB©. It also aims in study of dynamics of various parameters of CRO in searching optimum solutions. It is further extended in comparative studies of performance of CRO with other conventional as well as evolutionary optimisation methods such as Genetic Algorithm. Numer...
Beeswax-Starch-Activated Carbon & Hydroxyapatite
Biocomposites are synthesized by two or more materials having bio source. These materials have at... more Biocomposites are synthesized by two or more materials having bio source. These materials have attributes that eliminate the weaknesses of individual materials while combining the strength. The present work is aimed at exploring the possible biocomposite synthesis, by using various proportions of biomaterials originating from agro source. Two types of bio composites have been synthesized, CBS comprising carbon, beeswax and starch whereas in CBSH, hydroxyapatite is also employed in addition to other materials. Based on visual observation, texture and other apparent physical properties, two samples have been selected for FTIR analysis. Based on the interpretation of which, two more samples have been synthesized for detailed analytical study that included compressive strength, SEM and EDX. Based on the interpretation of the findings of these analytical methods, it can be concluded that the present work has successfully synthesized these biocomposites. The compressive strength is obtain...
Development of Polyaniline Grafted Chitosan Sensor for Detection of Ammonia & Ethanol Vapour
1Associate Professor 2MTech 4th Sem Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering, Laxm... more 1Associate Professor 2MTech 4th Sem Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur City, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The use of conducting polymers as sensing elements in electrochemical or chemical sensors is a center of attraction due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties when exposed to different types of gases and liquids. The demand for gas sensor is increasing day by day due to requirements in air quality monitoring, safety of processes & medical applications. Polyaniline is one of the most commonly used polymer and its characteristics as sensor can be enhanced by adding other material to form composite. Chitosan has promising characteristics to be used as biosensor, vapor sensor, electrochemical sensor etc. The presen...
Artificial neural network for prediction of thermal conductivity of rGO–metal oxide nanocomposite-based nanofluids
Neural Computing and Applications, 2021
A four-input artificial neural network (ANN) model has been presented for the prediction of therm... more A four-input artificial neural network (ANN) model has been presented for the prediction of thermal conductivity of rGO–metal oxide nanocomposite-based nanofluids. For this, data of five types of water-based nanofluids containing rGO–metal oxide nanocomposites particles were used from the available literature. The four-input variables considered were molecular weight of nanocomposite, average particle size of nanocomposites, concentration, and temperature of nanofluid which exhibited thermal conductivity of the nanofluids as output. Using the same architecture, two ANN models were developed, one using a total of 185 data points and the other by dividing the data points in two sets (training and testing). The model agreed well with the experimental data and exhibited an R2 value of 0.956 for the testing data set. Also, the magnitude of deviation of the predicted thermal conductivity for all the data points was very less with an average residual of ± 0.048 W/mK.
Modeling Combined Isobaric Vle of Four Ternary Mixtures Using Artificial Neural Networks
Vapour-Liquid Equilibria is a multidisciplinary theme having diversified areas of application inc... more Vapour-Liquid Equilibria is a multidisciplinary theme having diversified areas of application including designing of several chemical process equipments. There are theoretical and thermodynamic models reported in the literature, however the accuracy gets lowered because of multivariable non-linear behavior of the system making it complex. The objective of the present work is to develop Multilayer Perceptron network for estimation of VLE of four types of ternary mixtures involving combinations of eight components. VapourLiquid Equilibria of ternary mixtures reported in the literature have been used in the present work that include, hexane-ethanol-benzene, methanol-ethanol-water, acetone-benzene-cyclohexane, methanol-water-acetic acid. The correlation is to be developed for input parameters, molecular weights of the individual components and equilibrium temperature with the output parameters, equilibrium liquid and vapour phase compositions. There are 127 data points which are divided...
1Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, L.I.T. Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 2Dipali ... more 1Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, L.I.T. Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 2Dipali Awari, Ungraduate student, Chemical Engineering, L.I.T. Nagpur ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract – Fruit and vegetable peels are considered agro waste and are thrown into the environment instead of being used as a source of nutrient, supplement or antimicrobial agent. Various studies conducted on peels revealed the presence of these useful constituents, which can be used for various purposes. Present work addresses to this issue partially & attempts in separation of pectin from combined fruits peels mixture like apple, pineapple, orange, sweet lime, and pomegranate. Experimental studies are conducted for combinations of fruit peels waste & the FTIR of the samples A-1, OLP-1, APO-1 have been carried out. From the comparison of the spectrogram, it can be observed that the wave...
Artificial Neural Network modelling for pressure drop estimation of oil-water flow for various pipe diameters
1Associate professor, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, LIT, RTM Nagpur University, Maharashtra, Ind... more 1Associate professor, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, LIT, RTM Nagpur University, Maharashtra, India 2M.Tech. 4th SEM student, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, LIT, RTM Nagpur University, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract – The flow of two immiscible liquids in pipeline occurs many times in chemical industries. Oil-water mixture is dispersion and estimation of pressure gradient for flow through pipeline using empirical equation is tedious and less accurate. The present work is aimed at development of artificial neural network models for estimation of pressure gradient as a function of pipe diameter, flow rate, composition of oil-water mixture and angle of elevation of the pipe. 175 experimental runs have been conducted by varying process parameter combinations. Three ANN models have been developed using elite-ANN© based on the experimental data generated...
Phytoremediation Studies for Removal of Copper & Chromium Using Azolla Pinnata and Water Hyacinth
Phytoremediation includes all the natural processes taking place within certain aquatic plants to... more Phytoremediation includes all the natural processes taking place within certain aquatic plants to accumulate or degrade polluting compounds. Water hyacinth and Azolla are amongst aquatic plants that are being investigated for removal of heavy metals Chromium and Copper in the present work from synthetic solutions having 50 and 10 ppm separately. Based on observations, results & discussion, it can be said that water hyacinth can survive in copper and Chromium concentration less than 50 ppm for around 15 days. The effective uptake for 50 ppm initial concentration is observed to 29% and 14% for copper and chromium respectively for 15 days. Similarly Azolla is effective to the extent of 6 and 62.5% copper and chromium removal respectively over 28 days period. The same figures for 10 ppm initial concentration for Water hyacinth are 13% and 71% for copper and chromium removal respectively..The present study has successfully addressed to the novel and upcoming method of removal of metallic...
Release of poisonous and harmful gases in the open air and of untreated polluted water to fresh w... more Release of poisonous and harmful gases in the open air and of untreated polluted water to fresh water bodies has made the environmental conditions severe. Presence of excessive heavy metals like copper is found to damage not only fishes but humans also through the food cycle. The present work aims to synthesize an effective adsorbent from Banana peels, a material readily available by chemical treatment. The adsorbent synthesized is employed in removal of copper ions from waste water & is observed to be effective in removal of 12% to 89.47% of copper for adsorbent dosage varied between 0.5gm to 2 gm. Conventional adsorption isotherms have been estimated to describe the adsorption process & efforts have been made to develop Artificial Neural Network models for the same. It can be concluded that there is a lot of potential in Banana peel adsorbent that need to be tapped.
1147 All Rights Reserved © 2017 IJSETR Abstract— Water pollution has become a global problem wi... more 1147 All Rights Reserved © 2017 IJSETR Abstract— Water pollution has become a global problem with progression of modern industries and has attracted attention of one and all in recent years. Chitosan is being considered as an adsorbent for removal of pollutants from water. This is due to its efficiency compared with activated carbons and other adsorbents. The objective of present work is to synthesize Fe2O3/CuFe2O4/chitosan magnetic nanocomposites. Onion extract is used as a reductant for green synthesis of magnetic nanocomposites. The nanocomposites show ferromagnetic behavior tested by applying magnet to the material synthesized. The effects of onion and chitosan amount on the morphology and particle size of nanocomposites are investigated. The method is proved to be a new, simple, efficient and quick way. Characterisation of samples synthesized indicated that magnetic nanocomposites were formed successfully. The added advantage of these types of composites is in its ease of sep...
Review on the characterization methods of Hydroxyapatite and its Bio-composites
Natural bone constitutes 67% of its weight as Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and is a bioactive substance h... more Natural bone constitutes 67% of its weight as Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and is a bioactive substance having ability to form chemical bond with body tissues. It can be synthesized in laboratory using calcium and phosphate reagents and can be one of the potential bone graft material. The only factor that prohibits its use as natural bone is in its poor mechanical strength. Research is being conducted to enhance its compressive strength by formation of biocomposites using Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Gelatin, Chitosan and other polymeric materials. The characterization of HAp and its biocomposites synthesized is an important topic. The various characteristics analyzed include various functional group using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), morphology and surface properties using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) / Transmission Electron Spectroscopy (TEM), crystallinity and chemical composition of compound using X-ray diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), thermal stability using Thermog...
Exploration of photophysical properties of green light emitting bis(8-hydroxyquinoline) zinc (Znq 2 ) metal chelate under various environments
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Papers by Shekhar Pandharipande