Sachin Khade

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Measurement of the Λ hyperon lifetime

Physical Review D

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Design of Multi-band MIMO Antenna for 5G Wireless Applications

2022 Third International Conference on Intelligent Computing Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT)

Miniaturized High Bandwidth Microstrip Antenna using Metamaterial concept based Technology

2021 International Conference on Computational Performance Evaluation (ComPE)

Metamaterial concept based technology is applied in this paper for achieving the compactness of m... more Metamaterial concept based technology is applied in this paper for achieving the compactness of microstrip antenna. Complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is used as a tool to achieve this objective. The CSRR acts as a resonator in which LC components connected in parallel thereby provides a low resonance frequency. An annular CSRR based structure has a capability to reduce the size of structure. By optimizing the geometry of Complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR) high bandwidth antenna can be accomplished as compared to conventional design. A hexagonal shaped design is used to demonstrate the concept of CSRR metamaterial technology. Proposed structure achieves the 38% compactness. Antenna performance remains acceptable at such remarkable decrease in patch size, even though there is slight decrease in efficiency and gain of antenna, but it meets with minimum requirement of antenna to be used as an efficient radiator.

A T-Shaped Rectangular Microstrip Slot Antenna for Mid-Band and 5G Applications

Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2021

A T-shaped rectangular Microstrip slot antenna for mid-band applications like5G bands n48, n77, n... more A T-shaped rectangular Microstrip slot antenna for mid-band applications like5G bands n48, n77, n78 and other satellite communication applications are portrayed. The proposed antenna has dimension of 35×30×1.6 mm 3 and the structure consists Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) with miniaturized size of antenna. The proposed design is embedded on FR4 lossy substrate with dielectric constant of 4.3 and thickness of 1.6 mm. A rectangular slot is etched with dimension of 23×13 mm 2 in which T-shape patch is inserted. The current distribution, gain, directivity, impedance and other simulated results are also presented. The gain and directivity at the resonance frequency of 3.637 GHz is 3.66 dB and 3.9 dBi respectively. Maximum current is around 125 A/m and antenna has a bandwidth of around 1.7 GHz

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Remote Sensing Application for Analysis of Forest Change Detection

2022 International Conference for Advancement in Technology (ICONAT), 2022

Forest cover is generally defined as the relative in percent or square kilometers/square miles of... more Forest cover is generally defined as the relative in percent or square kilometers/square miles of land area which is occupied by forests. And the coverage of global forest cover is most essential for soil health, climate, water cycle and air quality. The condition can be improved by reforestation and afforestation to some extent but cannot be restored to full range. Once the natural forests are converted to various lands uses it's impossible to restore these ecological services. The terms “deforestation” and “forest area net change” are different as deforestation is defined as the forest losses while forest net change may possess some expansion and degradation of forests in a given period. The rate of deforestation has increased the loss of forests and due to this environmental misbalance is occurring. So if this continued then various parameters of environment like climate, quality of soil etc. can be degraded and may not be cured. Therefore, the following research is geared towards analyzing the parts of deforestation using remote sensing technology of a particular Yavatmal district of Maharashtra state, India. The satellite images used for this analysis of forest change detection are of planet scope having 3 m resolution. The target of this research is to detect the forest cover change using remote sensing and GIS. For the identification of forest covers various techniques like segmentation and classification are used. The best classification is by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) which identifies the health of vegetation along with the changes in the different parameters. After using NDVI some values generated will detect the areas of forest changes with the amount of change. And with the help of this research it is observed that out of total forest area i.e. 76740.32 hectares, the negative forest change is reduced to 29.44% due to degradation of forests maybe due to fires, deforestation, leaf shedding etc.

Square shape MIMO antenna with defected ground structure

2018 4th International Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology (RAIT), 2018

MIMO antenna with compact size of 26 × 40 mm2 is proposed. Two square shaped planar monopoles are... more MIMO antenna with compact size of 26 × 40 mm2 is proposed. Two square shaped planar monopoles are proposed with micro strip feed lines. To achieve better isolation defective ground structure (DGS) is introduced. The patch operating at a frequency range of 2.2 to 7.2 GHz which covers WLAN/ Wi-Max/ Wi-Fi applications. The simulated results are verified by measured results. The proposed MIMO antenna have very low mutual coupling and hence provides very good isolations. The antenna achieves peak gain of 5.4 dB with efficiency of 91%.

Power Generation Using Renewable Energy Sources

2021 Fifth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC), 2021

From last few decades the use of electronic devices having low power consumption is increased inn... more From last few decades the use of electronic devices having low power consumption is increased innumerably. The concept of renewable energy is arising due to rise in energy requirement of portable electronic equipments. Aim of the paper is to convert the renewable energy into an electrical energy. In this paper a piezoelectric generator is designed which will generate electrical energy by using applied vibrations and pressure of footsteps during the walking. The renewable energy sources such as piezoelectric material, solar energy and wind energy are used to produce power. These non-electrical energy sources are converted into electrical energy. Programming is done using the MPLAB software. The Hardware is usually the PCB part. It comprises of PIC microcontroller which is the heart of the system PIC16F886 Microcontroller. The system designed is easy to implement and cost effective.

Comparative study of circularly polarized patch antenna using multiple substrates

2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering (ic-ETITE), 2020

This paper presents a micro-strip antenna for 5G, WLAN applications. The antenna proposed here is... more This paper presents a micro-strip antenna for 5G, WLAN applications. The antenna proposed here is simple in structure, low cost and light in weight. The overall dimension of the antenna is $50 \times 50$ mm. Three different types of substrates are used here to discover the working of antenna in depth. The antenna hence has single wide band of 4.44GHz, 4.92GHz and 4.8GHz respectively in all the three substrates namely FR-4(lossy), Rogers RO4450F(lossy) and Quartz fused(lossy). The antenna possess circular polarization. Overall the antenna sustains good performance and can be used in areas of wireless communication.

Design and implementation of MIMO antenna for WLAN application

2017 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP), 2017

A two element circular shape Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for WLAN applications ... more A two element circular shape Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for WLAN applications is proposed. The total size of the proposed MIMO antenna is 18 × 36 mm2. In the ground plane a T-shaped reflecting stub is extruded having DGS for improving the isolation and impedance bandwidth. Further, the isolation is enhanced by inserting a T-shaped parasitic element in between the two elements of antenna. The mutual coupling of proposed antenna is found to be below <−19 dB throughout the operating band from 3.5 to 6.1 GHz. At resonant frequencies the reflection coefficient of antenna is below <−10dB. The isolation is good enough among the operating band. The performance parameters of antenna like mutual coupling, isolation, radiation pattern, gain, diversity and VSWR are examine and confirm through measurement. The maximum combine gain of an antenna is found to be 4.6 dB.

A Wideband Slot Antenna with Simple Structure

2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering (ic-ETITE), 2020

A circularly polarized slot antenna with simple structure and wideband performance is proposed in... more A circularly polarized slot antenna with simple structure and wideband performance is proposed in this paper. It has one cross-shaped main radiating slot, two parasitic slots placed above and below the cross-shaped slot. The length of main radiating slot is about 1-lambda for wideband performance. The simulation results including S11, radiation pattern, gain are depicted and illustrated. Simulation results of various changes in length of mainradiating slot of proposed antenna has been portrayed. The peak gain of more than 5.0 dBi is achieved with the operating bandwidth from 3.6 to 5.6 GHz for length of 43mm of mainradiating slot. Moreover, operating bandwidth of around, 3.4 to 4.51 GHz, 3.8 to 6.13 GHz, 4.2 to 6.5 GHz is achieved for main-radiating length of 47mm, 39mm and 35mm respectively. Proposed antenna can be used for various applications like WLAN, Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX, 5G, Radar and Satellite communication.

A Modified Rectangular Mid-band Microstrip Slot Antenna for WLAN, WiFi and 5G Applications

Journal of the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 2021

A modified rectangular Microstrip slot antenna for numerous applications like WLAN, Wi-Fi 5, sate... more A modified rectangular Microstrip slot antenna for numerous applications like WLAN, Wi-Fi 5, satellite telecommunication and 5G application is portrayed. The proposed antenna has dimension of 25×30×1.6 mm. The structure consists of partial ground and DGS. The proposed design is embedded on FR4 lossy substrate having dielectric constant of 4.3 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Two similar inverted L shape CLLR are introduced at left and right edge of the ground plane to improve current distribution and to achieve wide bandwidth. The results like reflection coefficient, surface current, gain, directivity, VSWR, impedance and radiation pattern are found up to the mark.

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Design An Algorithm For Vertical Handoff In Wireless Network

The convergence of heterogeneous wireless access technologies characterizes the 4G wireless netwo... more The convergence of heterogeneous wireless access technologies characterizes the 4G wireless networks. In such network environment the user equipped with multiple network interfaces, would want to roam between different networks without any interruption in the running applications and services, in such a way that minimize the network usage cost. This paper proposed a algorithm to decide the best network at best time moment to handoffs. The proposed algorithm make the right vertical handoff decisions by determining the suitable network at required time among available networks based on dynamic factors such as Received Signal Strength(RSS) of network and velocity of mobile station as well as static factors such as Offered bandwidth, Power Consumption and Network usage cost. The proposed algorithm not only meets the individual user needs but also improve the whole system performance by reducing the unnecessary handoffs. The proposed algorithm is successfully developed, simulated and ana...

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Design of Star Shaped Antenna

2020 8th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO), 2020

A star shaped antenna with micro-strip feed line is proposed in this paper. Advantage of antenna ... more A star shaped antenna with micro-strip feed line is proposed in this paper. Advantage of antenna along with electromagnetic application have been meld by researcher with strive across world. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured which is operated bandwidth of 2.36-2.77GHz useful for ISM, Wi-Fi and Wi-Max application. The geometry of star shaped pattern radiator with notch loaded semi-elliptical ground confined utilization of bandwidth. The overall design of antenna is done with $40 \times 38 \times 1.6$ mm3. The performance, gain, efficiency and band-width of the antenna are achieved by reducing the size of probe in many attempts. Measured results show that the reflection coefficient is lower than -20.0 dB ((VSWR) $\leq$ 1.21).

4-Shaped MIMO Antenna with Enhance Isolation

A compact 4-shaped multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed with parasitic eleme... more A compact 4-shaped multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed with parasitic element and DGS. The overall size of proposed MIMO antenna system is 50×50×1.6 mm. A defected ground plane structure (DGS) etched into the ground plane to improve mutual coupling effect between two antennas is reduced and isolation is increased. It covers two frequency bands, lower frequency band was 3.18-3.92 GHz and higher frequency band was 4.9-5.89 GHz.The reflection coefficient of antenna is less than -10dB at resonant frequencies. The isolation observed at lower band and higher band is below -25 dB which indicated there is good isolation in between two antenna element. The maximum gain of an array antenna is found 2.9dBi . Key Wordsmutual coupling, isolation, diversity gain, multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) antenna, radiation pattern, Correlation coefficient ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Fractal antenna for wireless applications

2017 6th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO), 2017

In this paper, a compact single-element fractal antenna system measuring 20×15 mm2 is proposed. T... more In this paper, a compact single-element fractal antenna system measuring 20×15 mm2 is proposed. The ring resonator increased the number of resonances which make antenna multiband. The reflection coefficient of antenna is found to be below −10dB in the range of 5.1–6.3 GHz and 7.5–8.8 GHz. The performance of the antenna is studied in terms of mutual coupling, pattern of radiation, realized peak gain, directivity and VSWR. The maximum gain of antenna found to be 2.14dB.

Fractal Elliptical Monopole Antenna for Wi-Fi, WiMax and WLAN

2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC), 2018

A compact Fractal Elliptical Monopole antenna system with dimensions $40 \times 45 mm^{2}$ is pro... more A compact Fractal Elliptical Monopole antenna system with dimensions $40 \times 45 mm^{2}$ is proposed. Four small circular defects are placed in the antenna to improve isolation. The ring resonator is introduced to increase the number of bands i.e. multiband. The reflection coefficient of antenna is well below to -10 dB at 2.4 GHz, 3.51 GHz and 4.45 GHz. The antenna performance is evaluated by its radiation pattern, peak gain, VSWR and directivity. The highest gain achieved by antenna is 4.47 dB.

H-slot Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G WLAN Application

2020 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), 2020

In this paper a 4.8 GHz H-Shaped slot rectangular Microstrip patch antenna for 5G WLAN applicatio... more In this paper a 4.8 GHz H-Shaped slot rectangular Microstrip patch antenna for 5G WLAN applications is proposed. The H-shaped slot is used in rectangular patch of Microstrip patch antenna for enhancing the antenna parameters like VSWR, Reflection coefficient, Gain, Bandwidth. The proposed antenna is designed to achieve the industrial standards for 5G WLAN application. Microstrip patch antenna is gaining popularity due to its thin planner profile. They can be easily mounted on the planner surface of space born application such as aircrafts, missiles. In this antenna design reflection coefficient, VSWR are comes out to be -25.44 dB, 1.11 respectively for the frequency 4.8 GHz. In this paper the proposed antenna is designed with the microstrip line feeding.

Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2020

A small multiband antenna with step geometry is proposed. The proposed fork like antenna structur... more A small multiband antenna with step geometry is proposed. The proposed fork like antenna structure with partial ground plane is designed on FR4 substrate having dimensions 20 × 30 mm2. The proposed antenna is designed such that it operates at three different bands. The multiband operations are obtained by adding split ring resonator on the back side of patch which is useful for Mobile and Wi-Fi/Wi-Max applications. The proposed antenna achieves impedance bandwidth from 1.89 to 1.91 GHz, from 3.16 to 3.91 GHz, from 3.914 to 4.28 GHz and from 5.693 to 6.323 GHz. The antenna achieved a maximum gain of 3.09 dB with efficiency more than 90%.

Fractal MIMO Antenna for Wireless Application

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2019

A compact two-element fractal MIMO antenna with dimension of 20 × 32 mm2 is proposed. A T-shaped ... more A compact two-element fractal MIMO antenna with dimension of 20 × 32 mm2 is proposed. A T-shaped reflecting stub is placed between two antenna elements to reduce mutual coupling, and hence to improve isolation. The ring resonator is used on backside antenna which increased the number of resonances. The reflection coefficient of antenna is found to be below −10 dB at 2.4 and 3.5–7.1 GHz. The mutual coupling between antenna element is found less than −10 dB. The performance of antenna is evaluated in terms of mutual coupling, radiation pattern, peak gain, directivity, and VSWR. The maximum combined gain of antenna is found to be 3.01 dB.

Mutual Coupling Effect on Mimo Antenna

International Journal of Electronics and Electical Engineering, 2014

To reduce mutual coupling effect on MIMO Antenna this paper presents the analysis of bent ground ... more To reduce mutual coupling effect on MIMO Antenna this paper presents the analysis of bent ground plane antennas for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO). First, the three plate antenna array patterns of the envelope correlation coefficients are proposed to evaluate the diversity performance of antennas in MIMO systems. Following this, a compact three-element suspended plate antenna array with a bent ground plane is presented. The diversity performance of the design is experimentally and numerically analysed.

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