Papers by SAWAI SINGH H I R K A N W A R JASWANT Singh
Clarification Efficiency of Synthetic and Herbal Clarificants in Quality Jaggery Production
Sugar Tech, 2005
Experiments conducted at the Regional Sugarcane and Jaggery Research Station, Kolhapur during 199... more Experiments conducted at the Regional Sugarcane and Jaggery Research Station, Kolhapur during 1999-2000, 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 to study the clarification efficiency of some synthetic an herbal clarificant suitable for quality jaggery. The synthetic clarificant like Bhendi powder or SNi @ 2 ppm with herbal clarificant bhendi plant @ 2 kg/1000 lit wee found effective in improving NRS, Colour, Jaggery recovery
Theriogenology, 2003
In cattle, follicle dimension has been used as the main criterion for selection of oocytes for in... more In cattle, follicle dimension has been used as the main criterion for selection of oocytes for in vitro embryo production. However, follicles with similar diameters may be in very different physiologic phases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether morphology and developmental competence of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) are related to the phase of development of the follicle, and presence of the corpus luteum (CL) or the dominant follicle in the ovary from which the COCs were collected. Cows (n ¼ 143) were given a luteolytic dose of PGF 2a and 8 days later underwent transvaginal ultrasound guided ablation of follicles !4 mm to induce emergence of a new follicular wave. Cows (n ¼ 10-20 per replicate) were slaughtered on Day 2, 3, 5 or 7 (Day 0 ¼ follicular wave emergence), equivalent to the growing, early static, late static, and regressing phases of subordinate follicle development. COCs were collected from subordinate follicles !3 mm, were classified as denuded, degenerated or healthy, and underwent IVM-IVF-IVC. The proportion of oocytes that developed to the blastocyst stage was higher (P < 0:05) in those collected on Day 5 after wave emergence (23%) than on Day 2 (12%), 3 (13%) or 7 (16%). Data did not support the hypothesis of a local effect of the CL or dominant follicle. We conclude that a positive relationship exists between early follicular regression and oocyte competence. Moreover, morphologic characteristics of oocyte quality used in this study were not predictive in identifying competent oocytes.
AGRICULTURE UPDATE, 2014
The study was conducted in Ludhiana district to know the information seeking and information shar... more The study was conducted in Ludhiana district to know the information seeking and information sharing behaviour of vegetable growers and to determine the relationship of socio-personal characteristics of vegetable growers with their information seeking and information sharing behaviour. The data were collected by selecting 80 vegetable growers randomly. Findings of the study revealed that about one third of the respondents (33.75%) and nearly one fourth of the respondents (23.75%) had medium and high overall information seeking behaviour, respectively. Private dealers, friends, Kisan Mela and PAU scientists were emerged as the main sources of seeking information. The weed control, plant protection, recommended varieties and fertilizer applications were the major areas for seeking information regarding vegetable cultivation. Most of the respondents shared information with neighbours, friends, relatives and mode of sharing was verbal as stated by 100 per cent of the respondents. Nearly one third of the respondents possessed medium and high overall information sharing behaviour. The plant protection, weed control, marketing, seed treatment and recommended varieties were the main aspects to share the information. Education, operational land holding, land under vegetable cultivation, income, social participation, scientific orientation and mass media exposure were positively and significantly correlated with information seeking behaviour. Age, social participation and cosmopoliteness were positively and significantly correlated with information sharing behaviour. Thus it is suggested that farmers should seek information from reliable sources. They should be motivated to share the information among the other farmers who are engaged in vegetable cultivation.
Cadmium‐induced variations in phenolics, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase inMarsilea minutaLinn
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology, 1994
Exposure of Marsilea minuta to cadmium chloride under experimental conditions upto 96h, caused in... more Exposure of Marsilea minuta to cadmium chloride under experimental conditions upto 96h, caused increase in phenolics, peroxldase and polyphenol oxidase, along with ultrastructural changes indicating senescence. These results are discussed in relation to the cadmium induced pathomorphological changes.
Impact of anaerobically treated and untreated (raw) distillery effluent irrigation on soil microflora, growth, total chlorophyll and protein contents of Phaseolus aureus L
Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India, 2004
Impact of distillery effluent (untreated and treated) irrigation on soil microflora of the pots u... more Impact of distillery effluent (untreated and treated) irrigation on soil microflora of the pots used for growing Phaseolus aureus L. was investigated. The growth of the P. aureus plants as affected by distillery effluent irrigation was also evaluated. The irrigation of the pots by 1-10% distillery effluent (anaerobically treated) stimulated the growth of the soil microflora (increased number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) and P. aureus plants (increased shoot and root lengths, biomass, chlorophyll and protein contents). Further, 15-20% distillery effluent (anaerobically treated) had toxic effect on soil micro flora as indicated by reduced number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. Reduction in shoot, root, lengths, biomass, chlorophyll, protein contents of P. aureus was also observed when irrigated by 15-20% treated distillery effluent. All the concentrations of raw distillery effluent reduced the bacterial population. However, the treated distillery effluent concentrations...
Histomorphometry of dominant and subordinate bovine ovarian follicles
The Anatomical Record, 2000
The study was designed to quantitatively characterize the histomorphological attributes of domina... more The study was designed to quantitatively characterize the histomorphological attributes of dominant and subordinate follicles in relation to follicular wave dynamics. Heifers (n = 27) were examined daily using ultrasonography to record the growth of individual follicles from 2 days before ovulation until the day of ovariectomy to obtain growing (n = 7), early static (n = 6), late static (n = 6) and regressing (n = 5) phase anovulatory dominant follicles of Wave 1, as well as preovulatory (n = 6) and subordinate (n = 42) follicles. The wall thickness of Wave 1 dominant follicles decreased dramatically (P &lt; 0.01) during the late-static (60.2 +/- 4. 3 microm) and regressing (41.8 +/- 4.3 microm) phases compared to earlier phases. Cells of the granulosa layer of the dominant follicle of Wave 1 became loose during the late-static phase, with an increase (P &lt; 0.001) in number of degenerating cells. Dominant follicles of Wave 1 were lined by fibroblast-like flattened cells during the regressing phase. One day after wave emergence (i.e., before selection), the three largest follicles of the wave were histomorphologically indistinguishable. The wall of the preovulatory follicle close to the medulla of the ovary was thicker (P &lt; 0.01) than the wall facing the ovarian surface. The wall of subordinate follicles was thinner (P &lt; 0.01) and had a lower mitotic index (P &lt; 0.01) than that of their dominant counterparts 3 days and 6 days after wave emergence. In summary, follicular status, ascribed by ultrasonography, was associated with quantitatively distinct histomorphological characteristics. Morphometric changes in the dominant follicle during immature, mature, and post-mature phases were similar to, but occurred later than, those of subordinate follicle. The dominant follicles of Wave 1 entered histological atresia at the time of emergence of Wave 2.
Vaccine, 2007
Adjuvants in vaccines are immune stimulants that play an important role in the induction of effec... more Adjuvants in vaccines are immune stimulants that play an important role in the induction of effective and appropriate immune responses to vaccine component. In search of a potent vaccine adjuvant, the water-soluble biopolymeric fraction BOS 2000 from Boswellia serrata was evaluated for desired activity. We investigated the ability of BOS 2000 to enhance HBsAg specific immune responses. The effect was determined in the form of protective anti-HBsAg titers, neutralizing antibodies (IgG1 and IgG2a), spleen cell lymphocyte proliferation by using MTT assay, Th1 (IFN-␥ and TNF-␣) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines as well as T-lymphocyte subsets (CD4/CD8) and intracellular cytokines (IFN-␥/IL-4), these responses were highest in BOS 2000 immunized mice. Alum induced only a modest enhancement of antibody responses. Reducing the dose of adjuvant by 18.1-fold in comparison to alum, total IgG and its subtypes (IgG1 and IgG2a) antibodies titer in serum was significantly enhanced. Analysis of HBsAg specific cytokines revealed that alum was associated with a predominantly IL-4 response. In contrast, BOS 2000 was associated with production of both IFN-␥ and IL-4. We conclude that BOS 2000 is a potent enhancer of antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 immune responses in comparison to alum with Th2 limitation and is a promising adjuvant for vaccine applications.
Acquired resistance to proguanil in Plasmodium knowlesi
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1952
... cit.). In plasmodial infection, BISHOP and McCONNACHIE (1948) demonstrated that a proguanilre... more ... cit.). In plasmodial infection, BISHOP and McCONNACHIE (1948) demonstrated that a proguanilresistant strain JASWANT SINGH AP RAY, PC BASU AND CP NAIR 647 of P. gallinaceum was also resistant to sulphadizine. In ...
Theriogenology, 2006
We have recently reported the presence of an ovulation-inducing factor (OIF) in the seminal plasm... more We have recently reported the presence of an ovulation-inducing factor (OIF) in the seminal plasma of llamas and alpacasspecies characterized as induced ovulators. The study was designed to test the hypothesis that the seminal plasma of bulls will induce ovulation in llamas, and to compare the ovulation-inducing effect of seminal plasma of conspecific versus hetero-specific males. The seminal plasma of alpacas, a closely related induced ovulator (Lama pacos), and cattle, a distantly related ruminant species (Bos taurus) considered to be spontaneous ovulators, were compared with that of the llama (Lama glama). Ovulation and maximum corpus luteum diameter were compared by ultrasonography among female llamas (n = 19 per group) treated intramuscularly with 2 mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS, negative control) and those treated with 2 mL of seminal plasma of bulls, alpacas, or llamas (conspecific control). The diameter of the preovulatory follicle did not differ among groups at the time of treatment. Bull seminal plasma induced ovulations in 26% (5/19) of llamas compared to 0% (0/19) in PBS group (P < 0.001). The proportion of females that ovulated was lower (P < 0.01) in bull seminal plasma group compared to the groups treated with alpaca or llama seminal plasma (100%). A corpus luteum was detected on Day 8 (Day 0 = treatment) in all llamas in which ovulation was detected earlier (Day 2) by ultrasonography. The diameter of the CL did not differ among groups. Results document the presence of an ovulation-inducing factor in the seminal plasma of B. taurus. The interspecies effects of seminal plasma on ovulation and luteal development provide rationale for the hypothesis that OIF is conserved among both spontaneous and induced ovulating species.
73 Vitrification of Bovine Oocytes: Effect of Packaging and Equilibration Time on Nuclear Maturation
Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 2009
The conservation of female animal genetics is challenging because of the scarcity of oocytes and ... more The conservation of female animal genetics is challenging because of the scarcity of oocytes and their sensitivity to cryopreservation techniques. During slow, controlled freezing procedures, intracellular ice crystallization often leads to cell damage. Vitrification as an alternate method of cryopreservation exposes cells to a higher concentration of cryoprotectants with an ultra-rapid cooling rate, leading them to an ice-crystal-free, solid glasslike structure. The vitrification procedure has been used successfully for the cryopreservation of embryos and other body tissues, but very few reports of successful oocyte cryopreservation exist because of their complex structure. The present study was designed to compare two packaging methods (Cryotop v. 0.25-mL straw) and two equilibration times (10 v. 0 min) for vitrification of bovine oocytes. COC were aspirated from follicles <8 mm in diameter on bovine ovaries collected from a slaughterhouse. COC with ≥3 layers of cumulus cells a...
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of 15-Deoxyspergualin in a Canine Renal Allograft Model of Local Immunosuppression
Journal of Surgical Research, 1997
Local immunosuppression is based on the rationale that one can simultaneously prevent rejection a... more Local immunosuppression is based on the rationale that one can simultaneously prevent rejection and reduce systemic side effects by administering appropriately chosen immunosuppressive agents directly into the allograft. We utilized a mongrel canine renal transplant model with a programmable, implantable pump/catheter system to estimate the first-pass extraction of 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) during renal artery infusion and to compare the efficacy and toxicity of continuous intraarterial (ia) versus intravenous (iv) DSG delivery. Six autotransplanted dogs were given DSG by both iv bolus (1 mg/kg) and ia infusion (1.0 mg/kg/d). DSG was administered to allograft recipients by continuous ia infusion at 0.5 (n = 11) and 0.75 (n = 8) mg/kg/day and by continuous iv infusion at 0.5 (n = 12) and 0.75 (n = 6) mg/kg/day. Mean +/- SD elimination half-life was 0.6 +/- 0.1 hr, and the transplanted kidney removed as much as 55-88% (mean 66%) of locally infused DSG. When compared with untreated controls [mean survival time (MST) = 8 days], low-dose (0. 5 mg/kg/day) DSG produced a significant antirejection effect when given ia (MST = 12 days; P = 0.04) but not iv (MST = 9 days; P = 0. 09), with equivalent overall mean drug levels during normal renal function. However, two of the four longest-surviving animals in the ia group died from severe systemic toxicity, manifested by anorexia, diarrhea, leukopenia, and sepsis. High-dose (0.75 mg/kg/day) DSG significantly prolonged survival via both local (MST = 12 days; P = 0.04) and systemic (MST = 11 days; P = 0.02) routes, but half of the iv-treated dogs died from, and four of the longer-surviving ia-treated animals manifested signs of, systemic toxicity, with significantly higher mean drug levels in the iv group. DSG significantly suppressed vascular rejection at both doses when administered locally and systemically, dose-dependently affected the severity of tubulointerstitial rejection and graft edema, and was not nephrotoxic. Our autotransplant pharmacokinetic data overestimated the allografted kidney&#39;s ability to extract DSG during local infusion of slightly lower, but immunosuppressive, doses, so that death from systemic toxicity was not prevented and a direct survival benefit of ia vs iv therapy was not realized. Local DSG administration might be combined with other immunosuppressants to therapeutic advantage.
Immunomodulatory activity of biopolymeric fraction RLJ-NE-205 from Picrorhiza kurroa
International Immunopharmacology, 2006
In the last three decades, numerous biopolymeric fractions have been isolated from medicinal plan... more In the last three decades, numerous biopolymeric fractions have been isolated from medicinal plants and used as a source of therapeutic agents. The most promising biopharmacological activities of these biopolymers are their immunomodulatory effects. The biopolymeric fraction RLJ-NE-205 was isolated and purified from the rhizomes of Picrorhiza kurroa. We evaluated the effects of biopolymeric fraction RLJ-NE-205 from P. kurroa on the in vivo immune function of the mouse. Balb/c mice were treated with the biopolymeric fraction RLJ-NE-205 (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as an antigen. Haemagglutination antibody (HA) titre, plaque forming cell (PFC) assay, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction, phagocytic index, proliferation of lymphocytes, analysis of cytokines in serum and CD4/CD8 population in spleen (determined by flowcytometry) were studied. At the dose of 50 mg/kg, significant increases in the proliferation of lymphocytes (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001) and cytokine levels (IL-4 and IFN-gamma) in serum (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001) were observed. A dose dependent increase was demonstrated in HA titre (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05), DTH…
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2011
This study describes the anti-cancer activity of P19, an analog of parthenin. P19 induced apoptos... more This study describes the anti-cancer activity of P19, an analog of parthenin. P19 induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells and inhibited cell proliferation with 48 h IC50 of 3.5 lM. At 10 mg/kg dose, it doubled the median survival time of L1210 leukemic mice and at 25 mg/kg it inhibited Ehrlich ascites tumor growth by 60%. Investigation of the mechanism of P19 induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells revealed that N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and s-methylisothiourea (sMIT) could reverse several molecular events that lead to cell death by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) formation. It selectively produced massive NO in cells while quenching the basal ROS levels with concurrent elevation of GSH. P19 disrupted mitochondrial integrity leading to cytochrome c release and caspase-9 activation. P19 also caused caspase-8 activation by selectively elevating the expression of DR4 and DR5. All these events lead to the activation of caspase-3 leading to PARP-1 cleavage and DNA fragmentation. However, knocking down of AIF by siRNA also suppressed the apoptosis substantially thus indicating caspase independent apoptosis, too. Further, contrary to enhanced iNOS expression, its transcription factor, NF-jB (p65) was cleaved with a simultaneous increase in cytosolic IjB-alpha. In addition, P19 potently inhibited pro-survival proteins pSTAT3 and survivin. The multimodal pro-apoptotic activity of P19 raises its potential usefulness as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic.
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2008
An essential oil from a lemon grass variety of Cymbopogon flexuosus (CFO) and its major chemical ... more An essential oil from a lemon grass variety of Cymbopogon flexuosus (CFO) and its major chemical constituent sesquiterpene isointermedeol (ISO) were investigated for their ability to induce apoptosis in human leukaemia HL-60 cells because dysregulation of apoptosis is the hallmark of cancer cells. CFO and ISO inhibited cell proliferation with 48 h IC50 of ∼30 and 20 g/ml, respectively. Both induced concentration dependent strong and early apoptosis as measured by various end-points, e.g. annexinV binding, DNA laddering, apoptotic bodies formation and an increase in hypo diploid sub-G0 DNA content during the early 6 h period of study. This could be because of early surge in ROS formation with concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential observed. Both CFO and ISO activated apical death receptors TNFR1, DR4 and caspase-8 activity. Simultaneously, both increased the expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c protein with its concomitant release to cytosol leading to caspase-9 activation, suggesting thereby the involvement of both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Further, Bax translocation, and decrease in nuclear NF-B expression predict multi-target effects of the essential oil and ISO while both appeared to follow similar signaling apoptosis pathways. The easy and abundant availability of the oil combined with its suggested mechanism of cytotoxicity make CFO highly useful in the development of anti-cancer therapeutics.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1991
Acyl derivatives of boswellic acids as inhibitors of NF-κB and STATs
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2012
Boswellic acid acylates including their epimers were synthesized and screened against a panel of ... more Boswellic acid acylates including their epimers were synthesized and screened against a panel of human cancer cell lines. They exhibited a range of cytotoxicity against various human cancer cell lines thereby leading to the development of a possible SAR. One of the identified lead compounds was found to be an inhibitor of the NF-κB and STAT proteins, warranting further investigations to be developed into a potential anticancer lead.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2007
4-Amino analogues prepared from b-boswellic acid and 11-keto-b-boswellic acid, wherein the carbox... more 4-Amino analogues prepared from b-boswellic acid and 11-keto-b-boswellic acid, wherein the carboxyl group in ursane nucleus was replaced by an amino function via Curtius reaction, displayed improved cytotoxicity than the parent molecules. The same molecules also exhibited apoptotic activity by inducing DNA fragmentation.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2007
The present study revealed the synergistic effect of boswellic acid mixture (BA) and glucosamine ... more The present study revealed the synergistic effect of boswellic acid mixture (BA) and glucosamine for anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities in rats. Two studies were conducted, that is, acute anti-inflammatory by carrageenan edema and chronic anti-arthritic by Mycobacterium-induced developing arthritis. Five groups of animals were included in each of the study: the vehicle control, positive control (ibuprofen 100 mg/kg), boswellic acids (250 mg/kg), glucosamine (250 mg/kg) and a combination of boswellic acids (125 mg/kg) and glucosamine (125 mg/kg). BA when administered at 250 mg/kg in rats, carrageenan-induced paw edema and Mycobacterium-induced developing arthritis were significantly inhibited. In comparison to boswellic acids, glucosamine when administered at 250 mg/kg showed a mild effect in carrageenan-induced edema and moderate inhibition of paw swelling against developing arthritis. Although the combination of boswellic acids and glucosamine did not affect the acute inflammation to a greater extent yet a significant anti-arthritic activity was observed in rats. In conclusion, a synergistic effect was observed in chronic inflammatory conditions when two chemical entities were administered in combination in preclinical study.
Biochemical Pharmacology, 1986
Metabolism of pantothenic acid (PaA) in beagle dogs was investigated. The dogs excreted 12.3% of ... more Metabolism of pantothenic acid (PaA) in beagle dogs was investigated. The dogs excreted 12.3% of the dose in the urine within 24 hr after a single oral administration of [3H]PaA (3 mg/kg). High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the urine showed the presence of unchanged vitamin and a major metabolite, which accounted for 60.2 and 39.8% of the urinary radioactivity respectively. Although the metabolite was hydrolyzed by treatment with fl-glucuronidase or acid phosphatase, it was found that this hydrolysis resulted from the actions of ~glucosidase contained as a contaminant in these enzyme preparations, fl-Glucosidase completely hydrolyzed the metabolite to generate PaA and glucose. The metabolite was isolated and subjected to GC/MS and NMR analyses. It was identical to synthetic PaA fl-glucoside, 4'-O-(fl-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-pantothenic acid. It was shown by the use of dog liver microsomes that PaA underwent fi-glucosidation in the presence of uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG). It is proposed that fi-glucosidation by UDP-glucosyltransferase is a novel metabolic pathway of PaA in the dog. Despite extensive studies on PaAt, its metabolism in mammals is not understood completely. Nakamura and Tamura [1] and Pietrzik and Hornig reported that rats excrete in urine free PaA and 4'phosphopantothenic acid, which is the first intermediate in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A. However, Karnitz et al. [3] detected only free PaA. Taylor et al. reported that in the dog a major metabolite is excreted in urine with a small amount of free PaA after administration of [14C]PaA, and that the metabolite accounts for 40% of the dose in 7 days. The metabolite was hydrolyzed by treatment with /3-glucuronidase (Helix pomatia). Therefore, they concluded that the metabolite was a glucuronide of PaA. Enzymatic analysis alone, however, may lead to an incorrect conclusion as a result of contamination by other enzymes in the preparation used. In the present study, we isolated the urinary metabolite of PaA in beagle dogs by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and, by spectral and chromatographic comparisons between the metabolite and the synthetic compound, determined that it was a /3-glucoside of PaA which has been heretofore unreported in mammals. We also demonstrated that in dog liver microsomes PaA undergoes fl-glucosidation in the presence of UDPG.
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1992
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Papers by SAWAI SINGH H I R K A N W A R JASWANT Singh