Prostate Cancer (PC) is mostly asymptomatic despite mortality rate highly dependent on early diag... more Prostate Cancer (PC) is mostly asymptomatic despite mortality rate highly dependent on early diagnosis and treatment which might have been hindered by existing barriers. By the year 2018, PC ranked second globally among the most diagnosed cancers in males attributing to 13.5% of deaths. Disparities existed regarding the mortality rates of PC with a slight predominance in blacks compared to other races. The level of PC screening in Kenya like any other Sub-Sahara African country was terribly low [2-,10]. A community-based study carried out in a rural area reported only 2.4% of the participants had been screened, while in the capital city of Kenya (Nairobi City County), only 4.1% of the respondents had ever been screened. Objective : The aim of the study was to determine the intra- personal factors influencing uptake of prostate cancer screening among men aged 40-69 years in Kiambu County, Kenya. Methodology: In April 2019, the study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design...
Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is curable with early detection, yet it remains a major public h... more Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is curable with early detection, yet it remains a major public health problem globally and a leading cause of mortality among men. The objective of the study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to the uptake of prostate cancer screening among men aged 40–69 years in a rural community in Kenya. Methods: We utilized an explorative qualitative design and purposive sampling to select participants. Six focus group discussions (FGDs) and seven in-depth interviews were conducted among 59 men aged 40–69 years and key informants in Kiambu County, Kenya. Data was collected using a semi-structured guide and content analysis was done. Results: The facilitators of screening included experience of symptoms, proximity and prominence of cancer, accessibility, and advocacy. The barriers to screening included lack of knowledge, fatalistic beliefs, low risk perception, stigma, and male dominance factors. Conclusion: This study provides vital information for ...
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2019
Foot self-care practices are regarded as fundamental in prevention of diabetic foot ulcers[2].Glo... more Foot self-care practices are regarded as fundamental in prevention of diabetic foot ulcers[2].Globally, it is estimated that the prevalent cases of persons living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were more than 500 million [17]. Patients with type 2 DM suffer diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), one of the DM complication most costly to treat and with huge impact on global health [3]. The purpose of the study was to assess the determinants of foot self-care practices among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This research was a descriptive cross sectional, conducted among 133 type 2 DM clients who were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected using an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using SPSS version 21. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age of the respondents (p=0.003), level of education (p=0.006 and monthly income (p=0.014) significantly influenced foot self-care practices. 51.2% of the respondents demonstrated low level foot self-care practice while48.8% demonstrated high level foot care practice. 61% were found to have low knowledge level while 39% had high level of knowledge on foot self-care. Low level of knowledge on foot care influenced the practice of foot self-care among the type 2 DM patients attending outpatient diabetic clinic at a referral hospital in Meru County. There was a significant association between knowledge and practice of foot self-care practice (p=<0.001). Those with high level of knowledge were 4.3 times more likely to have high level of foot self-care practice.
Background. Globally, an increase in mortality from prostate cancer (PC) remains a big challenge ... more Background. Globally, an increase in mortality from prostate cancer (PC) remains a big challenge with disparities existing with a slight preponderance among men in low and middle-income countries. Prostate cancer is a leading cause of mortality among men in sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, despite the majority of men presenting with advanced prostate cancer for treatment, knowledge and screening for prostate cancer is low. e study aimed to examine the e ectiveness of a community health worker-led education intervention on knowledge, perception, and PC screening. Methods. is was a quasiexperimental study among Kenyan men aged 40-69 years. e intervention site was Gatundu North subcounty and the control site was Kiambu subcounty in Kiambu County. Strati ed random sampling was applied to select 288 respondents per arm of the study. We used a pretested intervieweradministered questionnaire to collect data at baseline and 6 months postintervention. Pearson's chi-square test was used for data analysis. Results. Awareness of prostate cancer signi cantly increased postintervention (P < 0.05). e proportion of respondents who had good knowledge of prostate cancer increased signi cantly from 49% to 76.4%(P < 0.05) in the intervention arm. e proportion of respondents with a high perception of self-vulnerability increased signi cantly from 26% to 42.1% (P < 0.05). e proportion of men who had undergone PC screening signi cantly increased from 4.5% to 20.4% (P < 0.05) in the intervention arm. In postintervention, there was a statistically signi cant di erence in the proportion of men screened for prostate cancer in the intervention and control arm (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Health education by community health workers during household visits increased awareness and knowledge, perception, and uptake of PC screening. Utilization of community health worker delivered education is an e ective strategy that requires to be adopted to enhance screening.
Background Globally, prostate cancer ranks as the second most frequently diagnosed cancer among m... more Background Globally, prostate cancer ranks as the second most frequently diagnosed cancer among men with the highest mortality rates being in Asia and Africa. The screening rates have been very low among men from developing countries with the majority presenting in advanced stages of the disease. The study aimed to assess the awareness of prostate cancer and screening among men aged 40–69 years in a rural community in Kenya. Methods This cross-sectional mixed-method survey was conducted among men aged 40–69 years. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire among 576 men and a Focus Group Discussion guide among 44 men. The study was conducted in all the community units in Gatundu North and Kiambu Sub-counties, Kenya. Results Five hundred and seventy-six men participated with a response rate of 100%. Of the men interviewed, 84% had ever heard of prostate cancer. Slightly below half (40.6%) of the respondents had ever heard of prostate cancer screening. There was the existence...
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Papers by Ruth Mbugua