Over a 4-year period, harp seals and California sea lions maintained in fresh water experienced e... more Over a 4-year period, harp seals and California sea lions maintained in fresh water experienced episodes of electrolyte imbalance characterized by low plasma sodium concentrations. Clinical manifestations ranged from mild to severe central nerves system (CNS) disturbances and death. The results of studies on the food-fish, plasma, electrolytes, and adreno-corticopic hormone tests pointed to insufficient salt intake with superimposed physiologic and pathologic stresses as the cause of the condition.
The NOAA Central library was asked to prepare the following bibliography on methods of extraction... more The NOAA Central library was asked to prepare the following bibliography on methods of extraction and analysis of microplastics in bivalves in order to support future research by the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. This bibliography focuses specifically on literature that discusses methods of extraction and analysis of microplastics in bivalves. Peripheral research on impact, other aquatic life, sediment extraction/analysis etc. is not included unless it also meets the scope outlined above. Sources Reviewed The following databases were used to identify sources: Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded, ScienceDirect, ProQuest's Science and Technology including ASFA, BioOne, American Fisheries Society Journals and back files, and the Directory of Open Access Journals. Only English language materials were included. There was no date range specification in order to cover any relevant research.
The Butte Regional Conservation Plan (BRCP or Plan) will provide a comprehensive, coordinated, an... more The Butte Regional Conservation Plan (BRCP or Plan) will provide a comprehensive, coordinated, and efficient program to conserve ecologically important resources in the lowland and foothill region of Butte County (the "Plan Area"), including endangered, threatened, and other at-risk species and their habitats; natural communities and the ecological processes that support them; biodiversity; streams and ponds and the watersheds that support them; wetlands and riparian habitats; and ecological corridors. Important to the success of the BRCP is the continued ecological and economic function of working landscapes, including certain farming and ranching practices, and the preservation of open space. The BRCP addresses regulatory compliance with state and federal laws that protect species, wetlands, and streams for Butte County, cities within the Plan Area, water/irrigation districts within the Plan Area, the Butte County Association of Governments (BCAG),1 and the California Department of Transportation.
The study reported here explores how to enhance the public value of hurricane forecast and warnin... more The study reported here explores how to enhance the public value of hurricane forecast and warning information by examining the entire warning process. A mental models research approach is applied to address three risk management tasks critical to warnings for extreme weather events: 1) understanding the risk decision and action context for hurricane warnings, 2) understanding the
The Knobbed Porgy Calamus nodosus, an important secondary species in reef fish catches of the sou... more The Knobbed Porgy Calamus nodosus, an important secondary species in reef fish catches of the southeastern United States, was recently the subject of a fishery closure due to the porgy complex quota being exceeded. Knobbed Porgy (n=448) were aged using sectioned sagittal otoliths. Opaque zones on otolith sections were annular, forming in March-July (peaking in May). Knobbed Porgy ranged from 1 to 21years, and the largest fish measured 507mm TL. Body size relationships relating TL, FL, and total body weight (W) for Knobbed Porgy were TL=1.07•FL+22.93 (n=3,173;r(2)=0.97), FL=0.91•TL-12.54 (n=3,173;r(2)=0.97), W=(1.38x10(-5))TL3.03 (n=12,732; r(2)=0.92), and W=(7.99x10(-5))FL2.79 (n=3,199; r(2)=0.90). Mean length at age was significantly differentbetween Knobbed Porgy collected in North Carolina through southeast Florida (northern region) and those collected in the Florida Keys (southern region). The von Bertalanffy growth equations for Knobbed Porgy were L-t=412[1-e(-0.20(t+1.97))] (n=448) for all regions combined, L-t=403[1-e(-0.38(t+0.0001))] (n=117) for northern region fish, and L-t=326[1-e(-0.42(t+1.61))] (n=331) for southern region fish. Age-varying estimates ofnatural mortality were 0.36-0.79year(-1) (ages 2-21) for the northern region and 0.42-0.67year(-1) (ages 1-12) for fish from the Florida Keys. Hydrated oocytes were present during February-April in macroscopically staged ovaries (n=148) for fish from the Florida Keys, and gonadosomatic index data indicated that the month of peak spawning in females was April. The updated life history information should be useful to fishery managers in formulating effective management strategies.
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