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Rania Hodhod

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Rania Hodhod holds a PhD in Computer Science from University of York, England.

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Papers by Rania Hodhod

Breast Cancer Detection by Using Data Mining, a Review Study

مجلة الجمعیة المصریة لنظم المعلومات وتکنولوجیا الحاسبات

Cancer is considered the second lethal disease in the world, with estimated 9.6 million deaths in... more Cancer is considered the second lethal disease in the world, with estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Early detection of cancer can increase the survival rate and decrease both treatment costs and patients suffering. At the national level, this can reduce total annual economic cost of healthcare expenditure and loss of productivity. Predictive analytics using data mining and machine learning techniques have proven successful for early detection of cancer, identification of patients with high risk of survival, cancer morbidity, and mortality rate and predicting drug response. The aim of this survey paper is to review the important role of data mining and machine learning techniques in the detection of cancer. The paper provides a comparison between the most popular predictive tools and techniques, types of data, extracted features, error rate, diagnosis, associated factors, and estimation methods.

Gaussian Mixture with Max Expectation Guide for Stacked Architecture of Denoising Autoencoder and DRBM for Medical Chest Scans and Disease Identification

Electronics

Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning, has proven to be efficient in medical ... more Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning, has proven to be efficient in medical diagnosis. This paper introduces a new hybrid deep learning model for pneumonia diagnosis based on chest CT scans. At the core of the model, a Gaussian mixture is combined with the expectation-maximization algorithm (EMGMM) to extract the regions of interest (ROI), while a convolutional denoising autoencoder (DAE) and deep restricted Boltzmann machine (DRBM) are combined for the classification. In order to prevent the model from learning trivial solutions, stochastic noises were added as an input to the unsupervised learning phase. The dataset used in this work is a publicly available dataset of chest X-rays for pneumonia on the Kaggle website; it contains 5856 images with 1583 normal cases and 4273 pneumonia cases, with an imbalance ratio (IR) of 0.46. Several operations including zooming, flipping, shifting and rotation were used in the augmentation phase to balance the data distributi...

Adaptive Serious Games and Developing Metacognitive Skills

Columbus State University, 2010

viCyber

Proceedings of the 50th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2019

Unauthorized access to confidential information with malicious intent has become a growing challe... more Unauthorized access to confidential information with malicious intent has become a growing challenge to individuals, businesses and governments. Recent media reports of attempted foreign interference in the domestic politics highlights the threat to data security from both within as well as outside the country. Adequate protection of information systems urgently requires a cybersecurity-educated workforce trained using a curriculum that covers the essential skills required for different cybersecurity work roles. The demand for effective cybersecurity education has led to efforts at the national level like the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education (NICE) framework to guide cybersecurity curriculum design. However, the many-to-may relationships among components of the NICE framework makes it difficult for anyone but experienced cybersecurity experts to design courses or training programs. The much needed rapid expansion of cybersecurity education depends on the ability of educators to understand and reflect in their curriculum frameworks like NICE. This poster presentation describes the design and use of viCyber, an intelligent cybersecurity course design tool, currently under development with support from the National Security Agency. The goal of this tool is to guide inexperienced instructors through the curriculum design process and provide an evaluation of their design with suggestions for possible improvements. viCyber is available as a web-based tool for trial and evaluation by the cybersecurity education community. It is hoped that the dissemination of information through this presentation will help make educators aware of this publicly available web-based tool and elicit valuable feedback from cybersecurity educators.

Application of fuzzy expert systems in assessing operational risk of software

Information and Software Technology, 2003

... Application of fuzzy expert systems in assessing operational risk of software. Zhiwei ... 2. ... more

Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C using Mathematical Modeling and Simulation

Electronics

Hepatitis C is a viral infection (HCV) that causes liver inflammation, and it was found that it a... more Hepatitis C is a viral infection (HCV) that causes liver inflammation, and it was found that it affects over 170 million people around the world, with Egypt having the highest rate in the world. Unfortunately, serial liver biopsies, which can be invasive, expensive, risky, and inconvenient to patients, are typically used for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis progression. This study presents the development, validation, and evaluation of a prediction mathematical model for non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic HCV. The proposed model in this article uses a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations as its core and divides the population into six groups: Susceptible, Treatment, Responder, Non-Responder, Cured, and Fibrosis. The validation approach involved the implementation of two equivalent simulation models that examine the proposed process from different perspectives. A system dynamics model was developed to understand the nonlinear behavior of the diagnosis proc...

Introduction to Information Security (D2L Export)

Automatic Face Mask Detection System in Public Transportation in Smart Cities Using IoT and Deep Learning

Electronics, 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) is o... more The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) is on a global scale and that wearing a face mask at work is the only effective way to avoid becoming infected with the virus. The pandemic made governments worldwide stay under lock-downs to prevent virus transmissions. Reports show that wearing face masks would reduce the risk of transmission. With the rise in population in cities, there is a greater need for efficient city management in today’s world for reducing the impact of COVID-19 disease. For smart cities to prosper, significant improvements to occur in public transportation, roads, businesses, houses, city streets, and other facets of city life will have to be developed. The current public bus transportation system, such as it is, should be expanded with artificial intelligence. The autonomous mask detection and alert system are needed to find whether the person is wearing a face mask or not. This article presents a novel IoT-based...

Factors affecting student educational choices regarding OER material in Computer Science

Journal of Computers in Education, 2022

The use of Open Educational Resources (OER) in course settings provides a solution to reduce the ... more The use of Open Educational Resources (OER) in course settings provides a solution to reduce the textbook barrier. Several published studies have concluded that high textbook costs may influence students' educational choices. However, there are other student characteristics that may be relevant to OER. In this work, we study various factors that may influence students' educational choices regarding OER and their impact on a student’s perspectives on OER use and quality. More specifically, we investigate whether there are significant differences in the frequency of use and perceived quality of the OER textbook based on gender, prior academic achievements, income, seniority, sentiment about online format, and motivation to learn. Our study involved students enrolled in the “Data Structures” course at Columbus State University (N=61) and analyzed students’ feedback before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide insights that can inform the decision of adopting OER in higher...

The Role of Participative and Practical Goal-Setting in MIS Students Learning and Performance

Proceedings of the 2019 on Computers and People Research Conference, 2019

Envisaging massive opportunities student would benefit from an enterprise systems company's u... more Envisaging massive opportunities student would benefit from an enterprise systems company's university alliance program, we examined the influence of goal-setting, i.e., passing the certification exam, on students learning and performance in class. Also, we explored and elucidated the student cognitive and emotional responses to the collaborative program. Applying a qualitative case study and grounded theory method, we developed a conceptual model of participative and practical goal-setting that could advance current knowledge in enterprise systems education and general goal-setting research.

New AI approaches to assist teaching in ill- defined domains

Assessment of Learning and Technology

Handbook of Research on Learning Outcomes and Opportunities in the Digital Age

The education of a nation is a critical component of economic growth. Education is itself shaped ... more The education of a nation is a critical component of economic growth. Education is itself shaped by economic, political, historical, technological, and other cultural factors. Society today is increasingly dependent on computers and technology. However, computer science (CS) continues to be viewed as an optional specialization rather than a core subject in U.S. education. The result is that our leaders will continue to lack the necessary understanding of technology that is critical for good policy and decision making. It is time to realize the importance of including CS as part of the core curriculum and utilizing current technology to assist this mission. This chapter discusses the current state of CS education in the US and focuses on how the integration of learning theories in digital educational environments along with rigorous assessment of such environments in the academic community can provide effective learning tools for increasing the availability and effectiveness of CS ed...

International Journal of Information Retrieval Research, 2012

Cognitive scripts can act as a basis for representing behavioral tasks and domain knowledge in co... more Cognitive scripts can act as a basis for representing behavioral tasks and domain knowledge in cognitive systems. Each event in a cognitive script is either temporally or causally linked with preceding and succeeding events. This temporal progression of events is what provides context to a particular cognitive script. In other words, it is this linking that provides a deeper explanation of a key event by defining the settings in which this event occurs (i.e. preceding and succeeding events). Contextual information plays a significant role in the retrieval process of cognitive scripts and needs to be considered in the retrieving process of cognitive scripts from large search spaces. Standard retrieval methods have been used on various unstructured data objects, such as text documents, images, audio, mind maps or videos. Other representations appear in logic-based languages that provide a structure that supports information retrieval based on logical reasoning, such as the Web Ontolog...

Adaptive Interactive Narrative Model to Teach Ethics

International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations, 2010

Promoting ethical, responsible, and caring young people is a perennial aim of education. Efforts ... more Promoting ethical, responsible, and caring young people is a perennial aim of education. Efforts have been made to find ways of teaching other than traditional ones like games and role play. Narrative-based computer games are engaging learning platforms that allow collaboration of humans and computers in the creation of innovative experiences. In this paper, the authors examine the design of an adaptive, interactive narrative model that uses a student model to provide an individualized story-path and an individualized learning process. In this regard, the authors comprise strong learning objectives underpinned by effective story telling. The adaptive narrative model has been deployed in the educational game environment, AEINS, along with the use of the Socratic Method and pedagogical agents to support teaching in the ethics domain. Evaluation results indicate the usefulness of the design and provide evidence on the development of moral reasoning and the transfer of moral virtues to ...

Issues of Choosing the Suitable Virtual Learning Environment

Research Journal of …

Abstract: This study discusses issues of choosing suitable Virtual Learning Environment, the desi... more

Innovative Integrated Architecture for Educational Games: Challenges and Merits

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011

Interactive Narrative in game environments acts as the main catalyst to provide a motivating lear... more Interactive Narrative in game environments acts as the main catalyst to provide a motivating learning experience. In previous work, we have described how the use of a dual narrative generation technique could help to resolve the conflict between allowing high player student agency and also the track of the learning process. In this paper, we define a novel architecture that assists the dual narrative generation technique to be employed effectively in an adaptive educational game environment. The architecture composes components that individually have shown effectiveness in educational games environments. These components are graph structured narrative, dynamically generated narrative, evolving agents and a student model. An adaptive educational game, AEINS, has been developed to investigate the synergy of the architecture components. AEINS aims to foster character education at 8-12 year old children through the use of various interactive moral dilemmas that attempt the different student's cognitive levels. AEINS was evaluated through a study involved 20 participants who interacted with AEINS on an individual basis.

Using Regression Tools to Assess Hazard Identification in the U.S. Army Risk Management Process

This research considers whether a person‟s demographic and experiential attributes play a signifi... more This research considers whether a person‟s demographic and experiential attributes play a significant role in how they perceive the presence or absence of hazards in a given situation. The goal of the research is to show that participants with enlisted military experience, prior to being commissioned as a junior officer, would be more successful at identifying the hazards presented in military scenarios than those who had only been trained on the process via their pre-commissioning and initial entry courses of instruction. The research study involves the use of two surveys with realistic military scenarios including both Foot March and Maintenance scenarios. The data collected from the surveys was analyzed using data mining techniques, in particular Nearest Neighbor (NN) algorithm and Logistic Regression Model (LRM). NN determines how similar a participant‟s case is to an expert case and LRM analyzes the outputs in a way that allows us to see if any of the seven experiential and dem...

Fostering Character Education with Games and Interactive Story

Generation Promoting ethical, responsible, and caring behavior in young people is a perennial aim... more Generation Promoting ethical, responsible, and caring behavior in young people is a perennial aim of education. Schools are invited to include moral teaching in every possible curriculum. Efforts have been made to find non-traditional ways of teaching such as games or role play or engaging students in moral dilemmas. However, classroom environments need to consider time constraints, curriculum standards, and differing children‟s personalities. Computer systems can offer rich environments that detect and respond to student knowledge gaps, misconceptions, and variable affective states. This chapter presents AEINS, an adaptive narrative-based educational game that helps the teaching of basic ethical virtues to young children to promote character education. The central goal is to engage students in a dynamic narrative environment and to involve them in different moral dilemmas (teaching moments) that use the Socratic Method as the predominant pedagogy. We argue that AEINS incorporates a...

Interactive Narrative for Adaptive Educational Games: Architecture and an Application to Character Education

supports teaching ethics for 8-12 year old children. AEINS is designed based on Keller’s and Gagn... more supports teaching ethics for 8-12 year old children. AEINS is designed based on Keller’s and Gagné’s learning theories. The idea is centered around involving students in moral dilemmas (called teaching moments) within which the Socratic Method is used as the teaching pedagogy. The important unique aspect of AEINS is that it exhibits the presence of four features shown to individually increase effectiveness of edugames environments, yet not integrated together in past research: a student model, a dynamic generated narrative, scripted branched narrative and evolving non-player characters. The student model aims to provide adaptation. The dynamic generated narrative forms a continuous story that glues the scripted teaching moments together. The evolving agents increase the realism and believability of the environment and perform a recognized pedagogical role by helping in supplying the educational process. AEINS has been evaluated intrinsically and empirically according to the followin...

Interactive narrative and intelligent tutoring for ethics domain

Abstract. This paper presents an interactive narrative system (AEINS) that incorporates intellige... more Abstract. This paper presents an interactive narrative system (AEINS) that incorporates intelligent tutoring techniques for teaching in ill defined domains, specifically ethics and citizenship. The version AEINS presented in this paper targets students between the age of 9 and 12. In order to educate students about ethics, the idea is to present and involve students in different moral dilemmas (called teaching moments) which can act as an initiator for developing new or deeper thoughts about different ethical situations. The system uses Kohlberg’s moral dilemmas as part of its domain. Incorporating teaching moments in the story generation context raises the issue of student agency. We discuss the tradeoff between the level of agency necessary for the student to feel in control of the story progression, and the level of system control necessary to avoid that the story digresses from the educational targets. Our goal is to allow the student/player to participate in an engaging and ent...