Captured rainy images severely degrade outdoor vision systems performance, such as semi-autonomou... more Captured rainy images severely degrade outdoor vision systems performance, such as semi-autonomous or autonomous driving systems and video surveillance systems. Consequently, removing heavy and complex rain streaks i.e., undesirable rainy artifacts from a rainy image plays a crucial role for many high-level computer vision tasks and has drawn researchers' attention from the past few years. The main drawbacks of Convolutional neural networks: have smaller receptive eld, lack the model's ability to capture long-range dependencies and complicated rainy artifacts, non-adaptive to input content and also computational complexity grows quadratically with input image size. These factors limit the deraining model performance improvement further. Recently, transformer has achieved better performance in both Natural language processing (NLP) and high-level computer vision (CV). We cannot adopt transformer directly to image deraining task as it has following limitations: a) although the transformer possesses powerful long-range computational capability, it lacks the ability to model local features b) to process input image, transformer uses xed patch size, therefore pixels at the patch edges cannot use local features of surrounding pixels while removing heavy rain streaks. To address these issues, in single image deraining, we proposed a novel and e cient De-raining Transformer (DeTformer). In DeTformer, we designed a "Gated-Depth-wise Convolution Feed-forward Network" (GDWCFN) to address the rst issue and applied depthwise convolution to improve the modelling capability of local features and suppress unnecessary features and allow only useful information further. Also, the second issue was addressed, by introducing multi-resolution features in our network, and we applied progressive learning in the transformer and thus it allows the edge pixels to utilize local features effectively. Furthermore, to integrate the extracted multi-scale features and provide feature interaction across channel dimensions, we introduced a "Multi-head Depth-wise Convolution Transposed Attention" (MDWCTA) module. The proposed model experimented with various de-rained datasets and compared with various state-of-the-art models. The experimental results show that DeTformer network achieves superior performance compared to state-of-the-art networks on synthetic and real-world rain datasets.
Medical waste X-ray films are used to fabricate a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The high-po... more Medical waste X-ray films are used to fabricate a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The high-power density of (1.39 W m−2) TENG demonstrated its potential applications in self-powered devices, sensors, and smart buildings.
In this manuscript, we present a novel approach for integrating Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TEN... more In this manuscript, we present a novel approach for integrating Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) into signature stamps, termed Stamp TENG (S-TENG). We have modified a commercially available stamp holder to integrate triboelectric layers for multiple applications like effective energy harvesting, sensing, and embedded electronics for data prediction. S-TENG has been further explored in remote monitoring systems for elderly individuals and for gathering real-time statistics regarding persons or events at specific locations. The S-TENG is fabricated using FEP and Al as functional layers. It demonstrates an output voltage of 310 V, a current of 165 µA, and a power density of 14.8 W/m 2 . The simplicity of the S-TENG's design is noteworthy. Its ability to generate energy through simple, repetitive stamping actions, which anyone can perform without specialized training, stands out as a key feature. The device is also designed for ease of use, being handheld and user-friendly. Its flexible and adaptable structure ensures that individuals with varying physical capabilities can comfortably operate it. An impressive capability of the TENG is its ability to illuminate 320 LEDs with each stamp press momentarily. Furthermore, using energy management circuits, the S-TENG can power small electronic gadgets such as digital watches and thermometers for a few seconds. In addition, when integrated with electronics, the S-TENG shows great potential in data prediction for various practical applications.
Crystalline Porous Material‐Based Nanogenerators: Recent Progress, Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities
Small
Nanogenerator (NG) is a potential technology that allows to build self‐powered systems, sensors, ... more Nanogenerator (NG) is a potential technology that allows to build self‐powered systems, sensors, flexible and portable electronics in the current Internet of Things (IoT) generation. Nanogenerators include piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), convert different forms of mechanical motion into useful electrical signals. They have evolved and expanded their applications in various fields since their discovery in 2006 and 2012. Material selection is crucial for designing efficient NGs, with high conversion efficiencies. In the recent past, crystalline porous mat erials (metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs)) have been widely reported as potential candidates for nanogenerators, owing to their special properties of large surface area, porosity tailoring, ease of surface, post‐synthesis modification, and chemical stability. The present organized review provides a complete overview of all the crystalline porous mater...
Transforming Medical Plastic Waste into High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Sustainable Energy, Health Monitoring and Sensing Applications
Digital health technologies act as health system strengthening tools and facilitate achievement o... more Digital health technologies act as health system strengthening tools and facilitate achievement of universal health coverage (UHC). In line with the United Nations sustainable Development Goals, India launched the Ayushman Bharat Programme (ABP) to strengthen health services and achieve UHC. Digital health technologies could be instrumental in improving the efficiency of ABP. Given that India is in the initial steps towards UHC and digital health deployment, synergy between health programmes and digital health policies is essential to realize the goal of UHC. This article aims to discuss the scope of digital health technologies for achieving UHC, their application, opportunities and challenges in the context of ABP in India.
Exploring migration intention among registered pharmacists in Kerala: a mixed-methods study
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice
Objectives This study investigated the intention to migrate among pharmacists in Kerala and explo... more Objectives This study investigated the intention to migrate among pharmacists in Kerala and explored the factors driving pharmacist migration in Kerala. Methods A sequential mixed-methods study was carried out to explore the intention to migrate among pharmacists in Kerala, India. A survey of 256 registered pharmacists and in-depth interviews with 15 pharmacists having high migration intentions were undertaken. Quantitative data were analysed employing univariate approaches and binary logistic regression. Qualitative data were analysed employing thematic analysis. Key findings About 44.5% (n = 114) of pharmacists expressed a high intention to migrate. Younger age of up to 30 years (AOR = 8.31, 95% CI = 2.24–30.82), more opportunities abroad (AOR = 4.28, 95% CI = 1.87–9.80), better salaries (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.04–5.95) and a general negative outlook towards a pharmacy career in Kerala (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI = 1.22–6.56) predicted a high level of intention to migrate among pharmacist...
Back ground: The relationship between socio-economic determinants and health is well known, and i... more Back ground: The relationship between socio-economic determinants and health is well known, and it is well established particularly with respect to malnutrition. Importantly, the health of those who are at the lowest strata such as those belonging to deprived social classes and women is worst hit. Considering that women face health inequities the most, the government of India launched “Rajiv Gandhi scheme for empowerment of adolescent girls” also called as “Sabala Yojana”. Objectives: The current study attempted to understand the interplay of the socio-economic determinants, in a national programme context and explain how they influence the utilization of benefits of Sabala Yojana by adolescent girls. Methodology: The study utilized a Quantitative led qualitative mixed-methods approach. Structured questionnaire was used for quantitative data collection whereas In-depth Interview guides were used for qualitative data collection. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used for qu...
Background: Maternal and child health is one of the priority areas in Indian context, particularl... more Background: Maternal and child health is one of the priority areas in Indian context, particularly in Empowered Action Group (EAG) states of the country. Institutional deliveries are prioritized as one of the important means to reduce MMR and IMR. The current study aims to estimate and compare the out of pocket expenditure associated with institutional deliveries in EAG states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in India. Methodology: The study was conducted through secondary analysis of NFHS 4 data. The study adheres to the approach of ecological study design and aims at comparing the OOPE and its variations at the state level. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Statistics of mean, standard deviation and 95% confidence levels for OOPE were computed and compared. Results: Uttar Pradesh had the highest OOPE with mean OOPE for institutional delivery of INR 7616.77, 95% CI (7310.26 – 7923.28), Chhattisgarh had the least OOPE with mean OOPE per institution...
Development of Versatile Low Power Light Intensity Monitoring Gadget
2020 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP), 2020
Adequate light intensity is very essential in work places and medical field. The light intensity ... more Adequate light intensity is very essential in work places and medical field. The light intensity of a particular workplace influences the comfort, work efficiency, level of concentration and may also harm the vision. A harmony must be maintained between sunlight and the artificial light (electric light) in workplaces to avoid fatigue & other issues. Lighting should be controlled in such a way that the lighting rate is precisely calibrated to the real need. It allows for saving money on the cost of vitality and enhancing human comfort and efficiency in various aspects. The present work is an application that records the ambient light states of different workplaces and light intensity emitted by medical gadgets. The application records the light intensity estimations of a solitary room and can be stretched out to numerous study halls on a floor. By examining a study hall’s ambience light, we can test the perceptibility aspect of a room and track any association’s power utilization. In...
International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES)
The numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is one of the digital oscillator signal generators. I... more The numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is one of the digital oscillator signal generators. It can generate the clocked, synchronous, discrete waveform, and generally sinusoidal. Often NCOs care utilized in the combinations of digital to analog converter (DAC) at the outputs for creating direct digital synthesizer (DDS). The network on chips (NOCs) are utilized in various communication systems that are fully digital or mixed signals such as synthesis of arbitrary wave, precise control for sonar systems or phased array radar, digital down/up converters, all the digital phase locked loops (PLLs) for cellular and personal communication system (PCS) base stations and drivers for acoustic or optical transmissions and multilevel phase shift keying/frequency shift keying (PSK/FSK) modulators or demodulators (modem). The basic architecture of NCO will be enhanced and improved with less hardware for facilitating complete system level support to various sorts of modulation with minimum FP...
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Papers by Prakash Kodali