This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
An Injectable <i>In</i>-<i>Situ</i> Conducting Thermosensitive Gel for Controlled Delivery of Vancomycin in Osteomyelitis Treatment and Bone Regeneration
Science of Advanced Materials, Jul 1, 2016
A novel injectable, conductive and thermosensitive gel composed of chitosan/chitosan grafted poly... more A novel injectable, conductive and thermosensitive gel composed of chitosan/chitosan grafted polyaniline (Chi-g-PANI) was synthesized. The prepared gels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a porous, interconnecting and netlike architecture. The conductivity of chitosan and Chi-g-PANI incorporated gels were 11.45±2.67 and 49.76±3.56 μS, respectively (P < 0.05). Both gels showed sustained release of vancomycin (67.87±1.31 for chitosan gel; 65.78±1.93 for Chi-g-PANI incorporated gel) over a period of 28 days. Cytotoxicity and LDH activity investigations indicated the nontoxic nature of the gels. In vitro cell culture was performed by using MC3T3-E1and C2C12 cells which indicated that these gels were suitable for cellular attachment and proliferation. Primary osteogenic markers, like ALP and calcium production, were enhanced when MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured along with the gels. Thus, these results indicate that the synthesized gels could be a promising injectable material for osteomyelitis (OM) treatment and bone regeneration
A fungal strain (Conidiobolus brefeldianus MTCC 5184) isolated from plant detritus secreted a hig... more A fungal strain (Conidiobolus brefeldianus MTCC 5184) isolated from plant detritus secreted a high activity alkaline protease. Thermostability studies of the fungal alkaline protease (FAP) revealed that the protease is stable up to 50 ∘ C with 40% residual activity after one hour. Effect of various additives such as sugars, sugar alcohols, polyols, and salts, on the thermostability of FAP was evaluated. Among the additives tested, glycerol, mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol, and trehalose were found to be very effective in increasing the stability of FAP, which was found to be concentration dependent. Fivefold increase in residual activity of FAP was observed in the presence of trehalose (50%) and sorbitol (50%) at 50 ∘ C for 4 h, compared to FAP without additive. Other additives like calcium at 20 mM and 10-15% ammonium sulphate showed lower stability improvement than trehalose and sorbitol. NaCl, MgCl 2 , K 2 HPO 4 , and glycine were found to be poor stabilizers and showed only a marginal improvement. PEG 6000 did not show any increase in stability but was found to be slightly inhibitory.
Genistein, an isoflavonoid phytoestrogen, has been known for its potential pharmacological proper... more Genistein, an isoflavonoid phytoestrogen, has been known for its potential pharmacological properties especially for neuroprotection and treating diabetes. The present study aims to determine the neuroprotective efficacy of genistein against global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuronal injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. Streptozotocininduced diabetic mice were subjected to transient cerebral ischemia by occluding both common carotid arteries for 30 min followed by 24 h reperfusion to induce neuronal injury. Effect of genistein (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg, i.p., o.d.) treatment on ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuronal injury in diabetic mice was evaluated in terms of cerebral infarct size, oxidative damage, mitochondrial activity in terms of neuronal apoptosis and cellular viability, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity and active glucagon-like peptide-1 concentration, and neurological functions measured as short-term memory and motor performance. Genistein administration following transient cerebral ischemia significantly (p 0.0001) counteracted cognitive impairment and re-established (p 0.001) motor performance in diabetic mice. Ischemiareperfusion increased the infarct size, genistein administration prevented the increase in cerebral infarct size (p 0.0001) and significantly suppressed (p 0.001) the increase in cerebral oxidative stress in transient cerebral ischemia-reperfusion subjected diabetic mice. Genistein treatment significantly (p 0.001) reduced neuronal apoptosis and increased cellular viability (p 0.0001), almost completely suppressed (p 0.0001) the circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity, and enhanced (p 0.0001) glucagon-like peptide-1 concentration in diabetic mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. This study suggests that genistein has potent neuroprotective activity against global cerebral ischemia-reperfusioninduced neuronal injury and consequent neurological deficits in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Mar 23, 2009
Melanosis, microbiological, chemical, and physical changes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus v... more Melanosis, microbiological, chemical, and physical changes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) treated with catechin were monitored during iced storage of 10 days. Whole shrimp treated with catechin solution (0.05 or 0.1%) had retarded growth of psychrophilic bacteria and spoilage microorganisms including H 2 S-producing bacteria and enterobacteriaceae throughout storage in comparison with the control and those treated with 1.25% sodium metabisilfite (SMS) (P < 0.05). The lower increases in pH and total volatile base (TVB) content were obtained in the shrimp treated with catechin solution at both levels, compared with those of other samples (P < 0.05). Lipid oxidation, loss in freshness and melanosis were lowered by catechin treatment. In general, the efficacy of catechin in lowering melanosis and quality losses increased with increasing levels used. Additionally, catechin (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1% (w/v)) showed inhibitory activity toward polyphenoloxidase (PPO) of Pacific white shrimp in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, catechin can be used as a promising melanosis inhibitor as well as an antimicrobial and an antioxidant in ice-stored shrimp.
Production of functional raw chicken meat by incorporation of date palm seed extract: an assessment of microbiological, chemical and sensory properties
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, Jun 27, 2023
Milk protein hydrolysates derived from 4 camel breeds (Pakistani, Saheli, Hozami, and Omani) were... more Milk protein hydrolysates derived from 4 camel breeds (Pakistani, Saheli, Hozami, and Omani) were evaluated for in vitro inhibition of antidiabetic enzymatic markers (dipeptidyl peptidase IV and α-amylase) and antihypercholesterolemic enzymatic markers (pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase). Milk samples were subjected to in vitro simulated gastric (SGD) and gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) conditions. In comparison with intact milk proteins, the SGD-derived milk protein hydrolysates showed enhanced inhibition of α-amylase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, pancreatic lipase, and cholesterol esterase as reflected by lower halfmaximal inhibitory concentration values. Overall, milk protein hydrolysates derived from the milk of Hozami and Omani camel breeds displayed higher inhibition of different enzymatic markers compared with milk protein hydrolysates from Pakistani and Saheli breeds. In vitro SGD and SGID processes significantly increased the bioactive properties of milk from all camel breeds. Milk protein hydrolysates from different camel breeds showed significant variations for inhibition of antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic enzymatic markers, suggesting the importance of breed selection for production of bioactive peptides. However, further studies on identifying the peptides generated upon SGD and SGID of milk from different camel breeds are needed.
Context: Brazilin is a major active principle of Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae or Fabaceae).... more Context: Brazilin is a major active principle of Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae or Fabaceae). For industry aspects, brazilin-rich extract (BRE) has been prepared and standardized to contain 39% w/w brazilin. BRE may have more advantages than brazilin in term of a lower-cost production process. Objectives: To investigate the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of BRE. Material and methods: BRE was prepared by a simple one-step purification of the crude ethanol extract of C. sappan heartwood (CSE) using a Diaion Õ HP-20 column. The antioxidant activities were determined using three methods, including DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, and b-carotene bleaching assays, at concentration ranges of 1-10, 10-100, and 10-100 mg/mL, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of BRE (15.6-1000 mg/mL) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were determined by the broth microdilution method. Anti-inflammatory activity of BRE (0.1-5 mg/mL) was evaluated as anti-denaturation activity using bovine serum albumin as a substrate. Results and discussion: On the basis of b-carotene bleaching assay, BRE showed antioxidant activity with an EC 50 value of 60.5 mg/mL, which was almost equal to that of pure brazilin (52.1 mg/mL). Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to all tested samples than Gramnegative bacteria. BRE possessed higher antibacterial activities than CSE, but lower than brazilin. MIC/MBC values of 62.5-125/125 and 250-500/250-500 mg/mL were obtained for BRE against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. A low concentration (0.1 mg/mL) of brazilin, BRE, and CSE showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting protein denaturation up to 46.8, 54.1, and 61.9%, respectively.
Frontiers in sustainable food systems, Jun 20, 2023
F (2023) Extraction of natural bioactive compounds using clean label technologies and their appli... more F (2023) Extraction of natural bioactive compounds using clean label technologies and their application as muscle food preservatives.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Seafood industries contribute to the global economy by supporting wellbeing as well as the nutrit... more Seafood industries contribute to the global economy by supporting wellbeing as well as the nutritional status of the community. Generally, 30% of the total fish captured is unutilized owing to low-value discards, storage problems, and spoilage (1). The remaining harvested fish go through the processing plant where only 30-50% of fish are used as edible products and the remaining parts (70-50%) are discarded as byproducts or leftovers (2). The by-products from the fish processing industry contain the skin, head, viscera, bones, scales, and fins, etc. These fish processing waste could be converted into marketable high-value products such as protein and peptides, oil and lipids, vitamins, minerals, pigments, and enzymes (2, 3). These active compounds exhibit various functional properties, biological activities, food fortification, and health benefits (2-4). In addition, waste utilization comes under one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. Therefore, it is worth studying the chemical composition, extraction methods, purification and isolation, functional properties, biological activities, and industrial application (food, feed, nutraceutical, and pharma) of the bioactive compound obtained from seafood waste. The goal of this Research Topic was to provide information about recent advancements in seafood waste utilization processes, the bioactive compounds present, and their various industrial and food applications. This provides more robust knowledge to researchers, food technologists and engineers, industry personnel, and academia for future research and the creation of a circular economy.
Fish protein hydrolysates as a health-promoting ingredient—recent update
Nutrition Reviews, Sep 8, 2021
Dietary habits and lifestyle-related diseases indicate that food has a direct impact on individua... more Dietary habits and lifestyle-related diseases indicate that food has a direct impact on individual health. Hence, a diet containing essential nutrients is important for healthy living. Fish and fish products are important in diets worldwide because of their nutritional value, especially their easily digestible proteins with essential amino acids. Similarly, fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) obtained from fish muscle and by-products has been reported to exhibit various biological activities and to have functional properties, which make FPH a suitable nutraceutical candidate. This review focuses on the health-promoting ability of FPH in terms of skin health, bone and cartilage health, blood lipid profile, and body-weight management studied in rats and human model systems. The absorption and bioavailability of FPH in humans is discussed, and challenges and obstacles of FPH as a functional food ingredient are outlined.
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