Muhammad Arif

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Papers by Muhammad Arif

Effects of Corporal Punishment and Psychological Treatment on Students'Learning and Behavior

Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 2007

This paper aims to test the effects of corporal punishment and psychological treatment on student... more This paper aims to test the effects of corporal punishment and psychological treatment on students' learning and on their behavior. A pilot study, followed with experimental test, was framed in a demographically controlled environment on homogeneous variables at Punjab University Laboratory School, Pakistan over the period of six months. Thirty-two students of grade X were grouped into a Corporal Punishment Group (CPG) and a Psychological Treatment Group (PTG). It was found that the students who were awarded corporal punishment on creating a source of friction and showing lack of interest in their academic work began to show negative behavior and their academic progress showed a gradual regression, whereas the students who were managed with psychological treatment developed their interest in learning, reflected friendly behavior and improved their long-term scholastic performance.

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Varied effects of untreated textile wastewater onto soil carbon mineralization and associated biochemical properties of a dryland agricultural soil

Journal of environmental management, Jan 9, 2016

Wastewater is an alternative, valuable and cost effective resource for irrigation in water-scarce... more Wastewater is an alternative, valuable and cost effective resource for irrigation in water-scarce arid and sami-arid regions of the world including Pakistan. Soils near urban centers are cultivated for vegetable and cash crops using untreated wastewater. Current study was performed with objectives of assessing impacts of untreated textile wastewater on some soil chemical, biological and enzymatic activities. The microcosm incubation study used a clay loam soil that received 0 (distilled-water), 25, 50 and 100% wastewater concentrations and incubated for 30 and 60 days under optimum temperature and moisture conditions. Soil respiration was measured periodically throughout the experiment over 60 days. After the incubation periods of 30- and 60-d, soils were destructively analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water extractable organic matter (WEOM), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2) and dehydrogenase enzymatic activity. Results revealed that w...

Combined ability of chromium (Cr) tolerant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and salicylic acid (SA) in attenuation of chromium stress in maize plants

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016

Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil has become a serious global problem. This study wa... more Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil has become a serious global problem. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of two chromium (Cr) tolerant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in combination with salicylic acid (SA) on plant growth, physiological, biochemical responses and heavy metal uptake under Cr contamination. A pot experiment (autoclaved sand as growing medium) was performed using maize (Zea mays L.) as a test crop under controlled conditions. Cr toxicity significantly reduced plant growth, photosynthetic pigment, carbohydrates metabolism and increased H2O2, MDA, relative membrane permeability, proline and Cr contents in maize leaves. However, inoculation with selected PGPB (T2Cr and CrP450) and SA application either alone or in combination alleviated the Cr toxicity and promoted plant growth by decreasing Cr accumulation, H2O2 and MDA level in maize. Furthermore, dual PGPB inoculation with SA application also improved plant performance under Cr-toxicity. Results obtained from this study indicate that PGPB inoculation and SA application enhanced Cr tolerance in maize seedlings by decreasing Cr uptake from root to shoot. Additionally, combination of both PGPB and SA also reduced oxidative stress by elevating the activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant, also indicated by improved carbohydrate metabolism in maize plant exposed to Cr contamination. Comparatively, alleviation effects were more pronounced in PGPB inoculated plants than SA applied plants alone. The results suggest that combined use of PGPB and SA application may be exploited for improving production potential of maize in metal (Cr) contaminated soil.

Individual and combined effects of crude protein, methionine, and probiotic levels on laying hen productive performance and nitrogen pollution in the manure

Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 30, 2016

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the dietary levels of protein, methionine (M... more The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the dietary levels of protein, methionine (Met), as well as probiotic on productive performance, feed utilization, and environmental pollution by N in Lohmann Brown laying hens. A total number of 160 Lohmann Brown laying hens at 20 weeks of age were randomly divided into 8 treatment groups using a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design experiment. The experiment involved two levels of crude protein (16 and 18 %), two levels of Met (0.45 and 0.50 %), and two concentrations of probiotic (0 or 1 g/kg diet, with a concentration of 10(10) CFU/g of Lactobacillus acidophilus) within 20-42 weeks of age. Results revealed that egg production parameters were significantly (P < 0.01) improved for hens fed diets of 18 % CP comparing with that of 16 % protein within the period from 26 to 30 weeks of age. Protein utilization and feed efficiency values were enhanced with 0.67 and 0.72 % Met during the period of 26-30 weeks of the age. For the N pollution,...

Comparison of antioxidant enzyme activities and DNA damage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes exposed to vanadium

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016

The present study was done to elucidate the effects of vanadium (V) on photosynthetic pigments, m... more The present study was done to elucidate the effects of vanadium (V) on photosynthetic pigments, membrane damage, antioxidant enzymes, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity in the following chickpea genotypes: C-44 (tolerant) and Balkasar (sensitive). Changes in these parameters were strikingly dependent on levels of V, at 60 and 120 mg V L(-1) induced DNA damage in Balkasar only, while photosynthetic pigments and protein were decreased from 15 to 120 mg V L(-1) and membrane was also damaged. It was shown that photosynthetic pigments and protein production declined from 15 to 120 mg V L(-1) and the membrane was also damaged, while DNA damage was not observed at any level of V stress in C-44. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were increased in both genotypes of chickpea against V stress; however, more activities were observed in C-44 than Balkasar. The results suggest that DNA damage in sensitive genotypes can be triggered due to exposure of higher vanadium.

Response of Maize-Legume Intercropping System to Different Fertility Sources Under Rainfed Conditions

Crop productivity of maize-legume intercropping system for yield and yield attributes were evalua... more Crop productivity of maize-legume intercropping system for yield and yield attributes were evaluated under different fertility treatments at National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan during 2007 and 2008 using complete randomized strip block design replicated thrice. Three cropping systems were kept in vertical blocks and five fertility treatments were placed in horizontal blocks. According to results of the study it was revealed that half poultry manure + half PK+ inoculation gave maximum maize grain yield of 4830.95 kg ha -1 and biological yield of 15330.29 kg ha -1 respectively, while cropping systems did not have an affect on grain and biological yields of maize to the significant extent. Likewise, maximum number of rows ear -1 , number of grains row -1 , grains ear -1 , 1000-grain weight and harvest index % were observed in the same treatment. Maize + mashbean intercropping accrued the highest net benefit of Rs. 93546.52 ha -1 , while minimum net benefit of Rs.23121.80 ha -1 was obtained in sole maize. On the basis of agronomic as well as economic performance of maize + mashbean intercropping, it was well evident that combined use of organic, biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers was proved to be more productive and remunerative and can be recommended for maize growers to elevate income.

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Precision Neutron Interferometric Measurement of the nd Coherent Neutron Scattering Length and Consequences for Models of Three-Nucleon Forces

Physical Review Letters, May 21, 2003

We have performed the first high precision measurement of the coherent neutron scattering length ... more We have performed the first high precision measurement of the coherent neutron scattering length of deuterium in a pure sample using neutron interferometry. We find bnd=(6.665±0.004) fm in agreement with the world average of previous measurements using different techniques, bnd=(6.6730±0.0045) fm. We compare the new world average for the nd coherent scattering length bnd=(6.669±0.003) fm to calculations of the doublet and quartet scattering lengths from several modern nucleon-nucleon potential models with three-nucleon force (3NF) additions and show that almost all theories are in serious disagreement with experiment. This comparison is a more stringent test of the models than past comparisons with the less precisely determined doublet scattering length of 2and=(0.65±0.04) fm.

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Unsupervised shape clustering using diffusion map

... Nasir Rajpoot a,⋆ and Muhammad Arif b ... dataset consisted of a subset of the MPEG-7 core ex... more

Pruned fuzzy K-nearest neighbor classifier for beat classification

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2010

Arrhythmia beat classification is an active area of research in ECG based clinical decision suppo... more Arrhythmia beat classification is an active area of research in ECG based clinical decision support systems. In this paper, Pruned Fuzzy K-nearest neighbor (PFKNN) classifier is proposed to classify six types of beats present in the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. We have tested our classifier on ~ 103100 beats for six beat types present in the database. Fuzzy KNN (FKNN) can be implemented very easily but large number of training examples used for classification can be very time consuming and requires large storage space. Hence, we have proposed a time efficient Arif-Fayyaz pruning algorithm especially suitable for FKNN which can maintain good classification accuracy with appropriate retained ratio of training data. By using Arif-Fayyaz pruning algorithm with Fuzzy KNN, we have achieved a beat classification accuracy of 97% and geometric mean of sensitivity of 94.5% with only 19% of the total training examples. The accuracy and sensitivity is comparable to FKNN when all the training data is used. Principal Component Analysis is used to further reduce the dimension of feature space from eleven to six without compromising the accuracy and sensitivity. PFKNN was found to robust against noise present in the ECG data.

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Precision neutron-interferometric measurement of the coherent neutron-scattering length in silicon

Phys Rev a, 1998

The neutron-interferometry (NI) technique provides a precise and direct way to measure the bound,... more The neutron-interferometry (NI) technique provides a precise and direct way to measure the bound, coherent scattering lengths b of low-energy neutrons in solids, liquids, or gases. The potential accuracy of NI to measure b has not been fully realized in past experiments, due to systematic sources of error. We have used a method which eliminates two of the main sources of error to measure the scattering length of silicon with a relative standard uncertainty of 0.005%. The resulting value, b=4.1507(2) fm, is in agreement with the current accepted value, but has an uncertainty five times smaller.

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Fitness Function Evaluation for Image Reconstruction using Binary Genetic Algorithm for Parallel Ray Transmission Tomography

Various fitness functions have been evaluated for image reconstruction using Binary Genetic Algor... more Various fitness functions have been evaluated for image reconstruction using Binary Genetic Algorithm (BGA) based parallel ray transmission tomography. The population initialization is carried out using the Filtered Back-Projection (FBP) technique. Various fitness functions used for image reconstruction include: Root Mean Squared error (RMSE), Mean Squared error (MSE), Mean Absolute error (MAE), Relative Squared error (RSE), Root Relative Squared error (RRSE) and Relative Absolute error (RAE). RMSE and MAE outperformed for small as well as large size images with different shape complexities. Mixed selection scheme with two variations of crossover operators, namely Image-Row and Block crossover operators have been used for crossover. Binary mutation operator has been used for creating diversity in local search scope. For 64 × 64 head and lung phantoms, BGA has resulted in PSNR values with RMSE 19.26 and 16.49 respectively and 27.20 and 29.65 dB with MAE.

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Manufactured construction: Revisiting the construction-manufacturing relations

Construction-manufacturing relations became imperative following the Industrial Revolution, and h... more Construction-manufacturing relations became imperative following the Industrial Revolution, and have been hotly debated over the past few decades. Three main schools of theory exist. They are: pro-active learning from manufacturingconstruction is backwards; prudent to learningconstruction is unique and different from manufacturing; and mutual learningconstruction to learn improving quality and efficiency while manufacturing to learn improving effectiveness of dealing with complexity and uncertainty. The past decades have also seen a sweeping agenda of sustainability globally, with the UK government probably having made the most challenging commitments to carbon emissions reductions in general as well as in the built environment. The theory of construction-manufacturing relations is updated, with a focus on examining the business process and production strategies. It is important that construction and manufacturing not be considered as two different philosophies; rather a more interdisciplinary approach should be contemplated for offsite construction projects. A theoretical framework of construction-manufacturing relations is developed, which highlights the importance of a number of influencing factors including industry sectors, context, technology of manufactured construction, business process and activities, and business factors. Thoughts are provided on future research into manipulating the construction-manufacturing relations.

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4p-Periodicity of the spinor wave function under space rotation

Nucl Instrum Meth Phys Res a, 2000

We report the results of an experiment which observed the 4π-symmetry of the neutron wave functio... more

Iterative manual control model of human operator

Biological Cybernetics, Dec 1, 1999

In this paper, we present an iterative manual control model of a human operator performing some r... more In this paper, we present an iterative manual control model of a human operator performing some repetitive task. Various aspects of the model are discussed in detail. Experiments have been done to study the human capability to perform the tasks by learning iteratively. Results of the experiments show the ability of the human operator to perform the tracking of a desired trajectory for some unknown non-linear system with quite reasonable accuracy during the iteration process. It is concluded that the human operator performs the repetitive task by modifying his control action using error and error rate in each iteration. During the modi®cation, the human operator assigns dierent weights to the error and error rate in each iteration. These results can be implemented in designing more ecient iterative learning control algorithms.

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Intelligent Control: A Review

Information Technology Journal, 2002

Book Chapter, PGPR medicinal plant stress alleviation

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Dopamine-β-Hydroxylase Activity and Levels of Its Cofactors and Other Biochemical Parameters in the Serum of Arsenicosis Patients of Bangladesh

Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) is a neurotransmitter (catecholamine)-mediating enzyme, which cataly... more Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) is a neurotransmitter (catecholamine)-mediating enzyme, which catalyzes the formation of norepinephrine from dopamine. The levels of DBH activity, its coenzyme (ascorbic acid) and cofactor (Cu ++ ) and other biochemical parameters were measured in the serum of 32 arsenicosis patients of Bangladesh at three different age groups, namely, group 1 (10-18 years, 9 patients), group 2 (19-40 years, 14 patients) and group 3 (41-70 years, 9 patients) of the locality of Stadium Para of Meherpur district of Bangladesh. The values were compared with the same number of age-matched normal healthy individuals of the respective group. DBH activity was markedly decreased in the patients of group 1 as compared to that of the normal healthy people. The activities of DBH were decreased to lesser extents for the other two age groups. The total protein contents in the serum of arsenicosis patients were also significantly low as compared to that in the age-matched control groups. The levels of ascorbic acid and copper were found to be decreased in the serum of arsenicosis patients. The serum glucose levels were elevated in arsenicosis patients, as compared to that of the respective healthy controls. Other parameters, such as zinc and vitamin A levels were also decreased in the serum of arsenicosis patients. It was evident from the results of drinking of the arsenic contaminated water of shallow tube wells that the levels of DBH activity decreased significantly as compared to the control healthy persons. The levels of proteins, ascorbic acid, copper, zinc and vitamin A were decreased in the serum of people drinking the arsenic contaminated tube wells water as compared to that in the control healthy people with the exception that the levels of glucose were elevated in the serum of these patients. The pathophysiological significance of the results could be correlated with the decreased in proteins and that in DBH activities as DBH deficiency is characterized by lack of sympathetic noradrenergic function.The general physiologic findings of autonomic function indicate that complete DBH deficiency include minimal or absent plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine. (Int J Biomed Sci 2014; 10 (1): 52-60)

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Intelligent Learning Controllers for Nonlinear Systems using Radial Basis Neural Networks

Control and Intelligent Systems, 2004

Analisis Pengembangan Electronic Government Melalui Penyelenggaraan Website DI Kabupaten Kudus

Journal of Public Policy and Management Review, Sep 25, 2013

Use of information technology is very important in government institutions, such as the electroni... more Use of information technology is very important in government institutions, such as the electronic government, where the government attempted to improve service to the community in a more convenient, fast, effective and efficient. Development of egovernment in Kudus district that has not run up pushing me to do this research. The research problem is : How does the development of e-government in Kudus district? and what constraints the development of e-government in Kudus district?.

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Sensorless Estimation of Wind Speed by Soft Computing Methodologies: A Comparative Study

Informatica, 2015

This paper shows a few novel calculations for wind speed estimation, which is focused around soft... more This paper shows a few novel calculations for wind speed estimation, which is focused around soft computing. The inputs of to the estimators are picked as the wind turbine power coefficient, rotational rate and blade pitch angle. Polynomial and radial basis function (RBF) are applied as the kernel function of Support Vector Regression (SVR) technique to estimate the wind speed in this study. Instead of minimizing the observed training error, SVR_poly and SVR_rbf attempt to minimize the generalization error bound so as to achieve generalized performance. The results are compared with the adaptive neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS) results.

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