Papers by Mohd Razif Shahril
BMC Public Health, Jan 28, 2021
Background: To date, limited data are available on metabolic syndrome prevalence among breast can... more Background: To date, limited data are available on metabolic syndrome prevalence among breast cancer survivors in Malaysia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and abnormal metabolic syndrome components among breast cancer survivors in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 95 breast cancer survivors (age 53.7 ± 7.6 years) who have completed main cancer treatments for ≥6 months. Cancer survivors were recruited from two main government hospitals in Kelantan and Terengganu using a purposive sampling method. Results: According to the Harmonized criteria, the metabolic syndrome prevalence was 50.5%. Among those with metabolic syndrome, the most prevalent abnormal metabolic components were triglycerides (91.2%), fasting blood glucose (79.6%) and HDL-c level (78.4%). Except for total cholesterol and LDL-c, all other metabolic syndrome components were significantly different (p < 0.05) between those with and without metabolic syndrome. Significant differences between metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome groups were found for weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage and cancer stages (p < 0.05). However, no significant relationship was reported between sociodemographic, clinical parameters and metabolic syndrome among breast cancer survivors in this study. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent among breast cancer survivors. It is recommended for health care professionals to closely monitor and improve the triglycerides, blood glucose and HDL-c level of the breast cancer survivors under their care to control the detrimental effect of metabolic syndrome.
International Food Research Journal
Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT) is comprised of 28 - 30% peel which is a by-product of food processi... more Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT) is comprised of 28 - 30% peel which is a by-product of food processing. The peel is a source of dietary fibre which has a potential role in glycaemic response. The present work thus aimed to develop formulated MMT peel powder, and examine its organoleptic properties, in vitro hypoglycaemic effect, and starch digestibility. The MMT peel powder was formulated as Formulations 0, 1, 2, and 3 with different sweetener ratios (0, 40, 50, and 60%), and subjected to sensory evaluations. Tukey’s post-hoc test was used to evaluate significant differences between mean values following one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Meanwhile, the Friedman test followed by Wilcoxon signed ranks test were performed for sensory evaluation analysis. Results demonstrated that the most acceptable formulation for consumption assessed using sensory evaluation was Formulation 3; its total, digestible, and resistant starch content were the lowest among all the formulations. The same we...
Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine
Surprisingly, 541 million people have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) worldwide[1]. Prediabetes ... more Surprisingly, 541 million people have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) worldwide[1]. Prediabetes has been associated with an elevated risk of composite cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke and all-cause mortality2 as well as an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than normal glycaemia[1]. In Malaysia, the undiagnosed diabetes prevalence has increased3. Health profile and nutritional status play a crucial role in prediabetes development. However, there is a scarcity of related health profile characteristics and nutritional status data in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the health profile and nutritional status of adults at risk of T2DM in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. A total of 30 respondents at moderate and high risk of T2DM (Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (FINDRISC) score > 4) aged 18 to 59 years old were recruited from Kuala Nerus using a convenience sampling method. Information on socio-demograph...
Report card grades on physical activity for children and adolescents from 18 Asian countries: Patterns, trends, gaps, and future recommendations
Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness
Halalpshere
Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT), Cucumis melo L., is a newly developed variety of melon introduced s... more Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT), Cucumis melo L., is a newly developed variety of melon introduced specifically for Terengganu. MMT has been claimed to have a high antioxidant value. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has become one of the leading naturally derived polyphenols studied for its potential health benefits. In the present study, the proximate composition and EGCG content of MMT were determined and compared among the fruit parts (flesh, seeds, and peels). The powdered samples have undergone proximate analyses followed by the determination of EGCG concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result revealed that MMT seed has highest protein (27.99 ± 0.36%), fat (28.79 ± 0.32%) and crude fibre (31.64 ± 1.25%) contents as compared to peel and flesh. MMT peel contained the highest carbohydrate (67.48 ± 0.37%) as compared to flesh and seed. The EGCG concentrations of MMT seed, flesh and peel were significantly different (p < 0.05) among one another with ...
Fat-to-lean mass ratio as a new anthropometric indicator in predicting metabolic syndrome among Malay adolescents in Terengganu, Malaysia
Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of risk factors for predicting type ... more Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of risk factors for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Objectives This cross-sectional study aimed to develop a cut-off value for fat versus lean mass ratio (FLMR) in predicting MetS and to investigate the association between this indicator with MetS and its components. Methods Subjects comprised 238 Malay adolescents (79% female) aged 18–19 years old. Anthropometric assessment comprised weight, height and waist circumference (WC). Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis techniques while blood pressure was measured using a blood pressure monitor. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol , triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined from an overnight fasting blood sample. MetS was determined based on International Diabetes Federation (2007) definition for adolescents aged 16-year-old and above. ...
BMC Public Health
Background The pandemic of SARS CoV2 virus has severely impacted the entire world population. The... more Background The pandemic of SARS CoV2 virus has severely impacted the entire world population. The lockdown imposed during the pandemic has created enormous challenges particularly on the health, economic and social life of most individuals. This study aimed to investigate the changes in health-related lifestyle and food security during the lockdown and how they influenced the quality of life (QoL) of Malaysian adults. Methods An online survey using a structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic, body weight, diet quality, physical activity, sleep quality, food insecurity, and QoL was conducted among adult respondents across Malaysia. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations between the changes in each component and QoL based on the total score before and during the lockdown. Results A total of 759 valid responses were included in the final analysis (75% female and 24.5% male). There was a significant improvement in diet quality dur...
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2017
Obesity among schoolchildren has been regarded as one of the most serious public health challenge... more Obesity among schoolchildren has been regarded as one of the most serious public health challenges in this decade. This problem has now become more evident in the developing countries including Malaysia. It is linked with numerous risk factors mainly unhealthy lifestyle (1). Despite many surveys that have been conducted globally, the latest data on its determinants among Malaysian schoolchildren, particularly in suburban state like Terengganu, is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to provide the current analysis on obesity determinants including demographic, socioeconomic status, dietary intake, physical activity, and physical fitness level and its relationship with childhood obesity. Using a cross-sectional study design, a total of 1,404 schoolchildren were involved in the study (46•3 % boys and 53•7 % girls; 67•7 % urban and 32•3 % rural). Data on demographic and socioeconomic were gathered using a selfadministered questionnaire. Height and body weight were measured and BMI-forage Z-score was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software and compared with WHO BMI-forage Z-score classifications (2007) (2). Dietary intake and physical activity level were measured using FFQ and c-PAQ, respectively, whereas physical fitness level was assessed using SEGAK test, a standardised fitness norm test for Malaysian students. All data were analysed using multivariable analysis. Interestingly in the final model, obesity in both genders was found to be positively associated with parental obesity, birth weight and serving of milk and dairy products intake whilst negatively associated with household size. Schoolchildren of father or mother with one unit higher in BMI, will have 0•073 unit or 0•069 unit higher in BMI Z-score, respectively (P < 0•001). Schoolchildren who were 1 kg heavier at birth will have 0•357 unit higher in BMI Z-score (P = 0•003). Similarly, an increase in one serving size of milk and dairy products intake will increase BMI Z-score by 0•194 unit (P = 0•036). Nevertheless, schoolchildren with one extra household family member will have 0•085 unit lower in BMI Z-score (P = 0•022). Overall, 13•1 % of the variation in BMI Z-score was explained by father's BMI, mother's BMI, birth weight, household number, and serving size milk and dairy products according to the multiple linear regression (MLR) model (R 2 = 0•131).
Food Research, 2019
The increasing number of evidence has reported inflammation and oxidative stress as key mediators... more The increasing number of evidence has reported inflammation and oxidative stress as key mediators of osteoarthritis (OA) joint pathology. Therefore, the usage of dietary supplements targeting inflammation and oxidative stress in OA may emerge as a rewarding therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements used to manage OA. A methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley was used to conduct this scoping review. An electronic database search of English academic articles was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect from 2000 to 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of OA with parallel groups by comparing dietary supplements with placebo consumption were eligible for inclusion. Out of 69,150 studies identified, a total of 41 studies were included, with 25 antioxidant or anti-inflammatory dietary supplements identified. There were 3325 respondents (1740 in the treatment group and 1585 in the p...
Nutrition Quality of Life Survey--Malay Version
PsycTESTS Dataset, 2014
Nutrition & diabetes, 2014
To examine independent and combined associations among objectively measured movement/non-movement... more To examine independent and combined associations among objectively measured movement/non-movement behaviors (moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), total sedentary time and sleep duration) and adiposity indicators in a sample of Canadian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 507 children aged 9-11 years from Ottawa, Canada. Movement/non-movement behaviors were assessed using an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer over 7 days (24-h protocol). Outcomes included percentage body fat (bioelectrical impedance) and waist-to-height ratio. After adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, maturity offset, fast food consumption, annual household income and highest level of parental education, MVPA was inversely and sedentary time positively associated with adiposity indicators, whereas sleep duration was not. However, only MVPA remained significantly associated with adiposity indicators after additional adjustment for the other movement/non-movement behaviors. Combined associ...
Journal of cancer prevention, Dec 30, 2022
Individual dietary patterns may be influenced by diet-related behaviours, which may eventually pl... more Individual dietary patterns may be influenced by diet-related behaviours, which may eventually play a significant role in contributing to colorectal cancer risk. As nearly half of colorectal cancer cases can be prevented through diet and lifestyle modification, in this study, we aimed to present an overview of the literature on diet-related behaviour and its effect on colorectal cancer risk among adults. Articles published from 2011 until July 2021 were selected. Out of the 1,198 articles retrieved, 25 were analyzed. There were 16 case-control studies, and nine of them were cohort studies. As a finding, the instruments used in this review were food frequency questionnaires (n = 23), followed by a semi-structured interview (n = 1), and diet records (n = 1). We demonstrated that unhealthy diet-related behaviours are linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer in adults and those food frequency questionnaires or food records are common instruments used to collect diet-related behaviours. This article imparts the research trends and directions of colorectal cancer risk factors and shows that diet-related behaviour varies and changes over time.
The use of complementary and alternative medicine among Malay breast cancer survivors
PubMed, May 28, 2011
Background: A cross-sectional studywas carried out to determine the prevalence of complementary a... more Background: A cross-sectional studywas carried out to determine the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use by breast cancer survivors. Methods: A descriptivesurveydesignwasdeveloped. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, cancer clinical treatment history, and use of CAM were obtained through a modified self-administered questionnaire from 116 Malay breast cancer survivors aged 21 to 67 years who were 2 years postdiagnosis and currently undergoing follow-up treatment at breast cancer clinics at Hospital Kuala Lumpur and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. Results: Data suggest that 64% of the participants were identified as CAM users; dietary supplements were the most common form used, followed by prayer and Malay traditional medicine. Within the wide range of dietary supplements, multivitamins were most often taken followed by spirulina, vitamin C, evening primrose oil, and herbal products. Contrary to other findings, the CAM users were found to be older, had secondary education levels, and were from middle-income households. However, there was no significant difference between CAM users and nonusers in this study. Family members played an important role as the main source of information along with doctors/health care providers, friends, and printed materials/mass media. The reasons participants gave for using CAM were mainly to assist in healing the body's inner strength, to cure cancer, and to reduce stress. Only half of the participants consulted with their physicians regarding the safety of CAM use. The participants began to use CAM while undergoing clinical treatments. Most of the participants used CAM for more than a year. About RM100 to RM149 (31.88 USD to 47.50 USD at press time) were spent monthly on CAM by 32% of the participants. The CAM use was found to be effective and beneficial for patients' disease states, and they were contented with the usage of the CAM therapies. Multivariate analysis revealed that thedecision to use or not to use CAM was not dependent on sociodemographic background or cancer clinical treatment history. Conclusions: CAM was commonly used by breast cancer survivors as a coping mechanism to battle the disease.
Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia (Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences), Dec 31, 2008
Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is a practical tool for the measurement of usual food intake i... more Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is a practical tool for the measurement of usual food intake in large surveys because it gives a quick approximation to 'true' dietary intake. This study was carried out to compare the semiquantitative FFQ with three day 24-hour diet recalls (24-hr DR) in assessing intake of energy, total fat, fatty acids and vitamin A, C and E among Malaysian women. This semi-quantitative FFQ which was developed specifically for the Malay and Indian ethnicities has 200 food items and categorized according to three mealtimes namely breakfast, lunch or dinner and morning or afternoon snacks. A total of 51 Malay and 28 Indian women aged between 30 to 60 years were selected as study subjects. The result of the study shows that majority of study subjects were within the normal EI/BMR ratio when their energy intake was assessed by semi-quantitative FFQ (70%) and 24-hr DR (74%). However, 10% of study subjects became over-reporters when their intakes were assessed using the semi-quantitative FFQ. Analysis of t-test shows there is no significant difference (p > 0.05) on the mean intake of energy, total fats, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin A, C and E between semi-quantitative FFQ and 24-hr DR. Percent mean differences were also less than 10% for all nutrients included in this study. This indicates that the semi-quantitative FFQ can produce comparable results with 24-hr DR.
Research Square (Research Square), Nov 16, 2020
To date, limited data are available on metabolic syndrome prevalence among breast cancer survivor... more To date, limited data are available on metabolic syndrome prevalence among breast cancer survivors in Malaysia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and abnormal metabolic syndrome components among breast cancer survivors in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This cross-sectional study included 95 breast cancer survivors (age 53.7±7.6 years) who have completed main cancer treatments for ≥6 months. Cancer survivors were recruited from two main government hospitals in Kelantan and Terengganu using a purposive sampling method. According to the Harmonized criteria, the metabolic syndrome prevalence was 50.5%. Among those with metabolic syndrome, the most prevalent abnormal metabolic components were triglycerides (91.2%), fasting blood glucose (79.6%) and HDL-c level (78.4%). Except for total cholesterol and LDL-c, all other metabolic syndrome components were signi cantly different (p<0.05) between those with and without metabolic syndrome. Signi cant differences between metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome groups were found for weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage and cancer stages (p<0.05). However, no signi cant relationship was reported between sociodemographic, clinical parameters and metabolic syndrome among breast cancer survivors in this study. In conclusion, metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent among breast cancer survivors. It is recommended for health care professionals to closely monitor and improve the triglycerides, blood glucose and HDL-c level of the breast cancer survivors under their care to control the detrimental effect of metabolic syndrome.
Foods
Despite growing evidence of increased saturated and trans fat contents in street foods, little is... more Despite growing evidence of increased saturated and trans fat contents in street foods, little is known about their fatty acid (FA) compositions. This study aimed to analyse the saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) content of 70 selected and most commonly available street foods in Malaysia. The street foods were categorised into main meals, snacks, and desserts. TFAs were not detected in any of the street foods. Descriptively, all three categories mainly contained SFAs, followed by MUFAs, and PUFAs. However, the one-way ANOVA testing showed that the differences between each category were insignificant (p > 0.05), and each FA was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from one to another. Nearly half of the deep-fried street foods contained medium to high SFAs content (1.7 g/100 g–24.3 g/100 g), while the MUFAs were also high (32.0–44.4%). The Chi-square test of association showed th...
Journal of Cancer Prevention
Individual dietary patterns may be influenced by diet-related behaviours, which may eventually pl... more Individual dietary patterns may be influenced by diet-related behaviours, which may eventually play a significant role in contributing to colorectal cancer risk. As nearly half of colorectal cancer cases can be prevented through diet and lifestyle modification, in this study, we aimed to present an overview of the literature on diet-related behaviour and its effect on colorectal cancer risk among adults. Articles published from 2011 until July 2021 were selected. Out of the 1,198 articles retrieved, 25 were analyzed. There were 16 case-control studies, and nine of them were cohort studies. As a finding, the instruments used in this review were food frequency questionnaires (n = 23), followed by a semi-structured interview (n = 1), and diet records (n = 1). We demonstrated that unhealthy diet-related behaviours are linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer in adults and those food frequency questionnaires or food records are common instruments used to collect diet-related behaviours. This article imparts the research trends and directions of colorectal cancer risk factors and shows that diet-related behaviour varies and changes over time.
Nutrients
Picky eating in children is often a major source of concern for many parents and caregivers. Pick... more Picky eating in children is often a major source of concern for many parents and caregivers. Picky eaters (PEs) consume limited foods, demonstrate food aversion, and have a limited food repertoire, which hinders their growth and health. These behaviours are common in children with special health care needs despite the rise in typically developing children. This leads to less attention being given to intervention programmes for typically developing children. Therefore, this scoping review aims to investigate the key concept of an existing intervention programme for PE among typically developing children, primarily on the types and approaches selected. A thorough literature search was conducted on three primary databases (PubMed, Emerald In-sight, and Web of Science) using predefined keywords. The literature was then appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s guidelines and protocols, and the PRISMScR checklist. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were also specified in the screening ...
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Background: Increasing physical activity and reducing sitting time was recommended to cancer surv... more Background: Increasing physical activity and reducing sitting time was recommended to cancer survivors after cancer treatment for sustained health and to enhance the quality of life. This study aimed to determine the association of physical activity and sitting time with quality of life among the Malay breast and gynaecological cancer survivors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 breast and gynaecology cancer survivor subjects. The Malay International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity and sitting time. Quality of life was assessed using the Malay EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and anthropometric measurements were also obtained in this study. Results: The mean age of the subject was 51.8 ± 7.7 years old and the duration of survivorship was 4.3 ± 3.4 years. A total of 76.8% of subjects were categorized as having low physical activity level with a mean MET 403.5 ± 332.7 minutes/week and sitting time of 416.9 ± 151.0 minutes/ day. Overall, subjects aged 50 years and above (p=0.006), widowed (p=0.032), retired (p=0.029) and had other noncommunicable diseases (p=0.005) showed lower levels of physical activity. Increased physical activity had a positive effect on physical function (r=0.2, p=0.038), reduced insomnia (r=-0.3, p<0.001) and constipation symptoms (r=-0.3, p=0.012) domains of quality of life. The longer the sitting period showed more severe insomnia symptoms (r=0.2, p=0.03) but improved social function (r=0.2, p=0.012). Conclusions: Increasing physical activity and reducing sitting time have a positive effect on the quality of life of cancer survivors. The focus of health education should be prioritized to older adults (50 years and above), widows, retirees, and those with other comorbidities as they are at risk of being not physically active.
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Papers by Mohd Razif Shahril