Miloš Kravčík

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Papers by Miloš Kravčík

Scaling Mentoring Support with Distributed Artificial Intelligence

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2020

Mentoring is the activity when an experienced person (the mentor) supports a less knowledgeable p... more Mentoring is the activity when an experienced person (the mentor) supports a less knowledgeable person (the mentee), in order to achieve the learning goal. In a perfect world, the mentor would be always available when the mentee needs it. However, in the real world higher education institutions work with limited resources. For this, we need to carefully design socio-technical infrastructures for scaling mentoring processes with the help of distributed artificial intelligence. Our approach allows universities to quickly set up a necessary data processing environment to support both mentors and mentees. The presented framework is based on open source standards and technologies. This will help leveraging the approach, despite the organizational and pedagogical challenges. The deployed infrastructure is already used by several universities.

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The Road to Critical Thinking and Intelligence Analysis

IGI Global eBooks, 2015

In an environment characterized by an ever-increasing flow of data and resulting complexity, the ... more In an environment characterized by an ever-increasing flow of data and resulting complexity, the development of intelligence analysis is of core importance. After a brief analysis of three core competences (data processing, empathy, critical thinking), decision making issues are addressed through considering on the one hand cognitive and psychological biases, and on the other hand methodologies based on instrumental rationality. Core factors for the development of critical thinking are then discussed before a specific tool of Game Theory, called Games of Deterrence, is introduced based on bounded rationality. An example of Games of Deterrence’s application to critical thinking is given through using these games to model argumentation. Finally, on the basis of the method adopted, a framework is proposed for building a serious game devoted to critical thinking and intelligence analysis.

Data Analysis of Workplace Learning with BOOST

Micro enterprises with less than 20 employees represent the majority of companies in developed ec... more Micro enterprises with less than 20 employees represent the majority of companies in developed economies. To achieve a positive attitude from both sides (i.e. company and employee) towards workplace learning in these settings, target competences of employees need to relate to business needs and learning should be done at the workplace. In this paper, we combine methodologies focusing on business critical needs that are linked seamlessly with learning resources by means of a simple, ready-to-use Web-based learning environment. As a result a cross-border and cross-cultural approach to increase participation of micro enterprises in the workplace learning was created. We collected data about 79 users from 56 micro enterprises in different countries with various settings. Our analysis investigates behavior of employees and managers in this workplace-learning environment, considering our original requirements.

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Self-Regulated Learning Nudges

Self-Regulated Learning increases the effectiveness of education and self-control has a high impa... more Self-Regulated Learning increases the effectiveness of education and self-control has a high impact on the successful life generally. Cognitive biases heavily influence the decision making process, often against interests of those who make them. Therefore technological solutions that would support metacognitive scaffolding of learners may be very helpful. Our approach is based on Personal Learning Environments that provide both reflection and recommendation facilities. Preliminary results suggest that it can be a promising solution. Nevertheless, there are still challenges to be addressed, especially regarding the evaluation of this type of learning and supporting tools.

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Boosting informal workplace learning in small enterprises

Where participation of small enterprises in vocational education and training decreases, it risks... more Where participation of small enterprises in vocational education and training decreases, it risks obsolescence of their knowledge base compared to competitors. Currently we are participating in two projects that aim to address the issue of how to boost take-up of informal learning at the workplace: Learning Layers and BOOST. Previous projects [e.g., ROLE] show the importance of having personalised learning solutions with high relevance, high effectiveness and low barriers to use. Therefore we aim to provide predefined and customizable Personal Learning Environments that support awareness and reflection of users, especially workers in small enterprises.

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Tracing Self-Regulated Learning in Responsive Open Learning Environments

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2015

Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) and related meta-cognitive learning competences help to increase le... more Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) and related meta-cognitive learning competences help to increase learning progress. However, facilitating the acquisition of such competences with learning technologies is challenging. Training requires an individualized approach and the right balance between the learner’s freedom and guidance. To support SRL, we applied personalisation and adaptive technologies in the development of an Open Source toolkit for Responsive Open Learning Environments (ROLE). In this paper we present a conceptual foundation for the operationalization of self-regulated learning in personal learning environments as a cyclic process model. Furthermore, we present results of a long-term usage data analysis of the ROLE Sandbox, an open and free Web-based hosting environment for personal learning environments. In particular, we trace self-regulated learning activities in three years of productive operation. We conclude our findings with guidelines for self-regulated learning in personal learning environments.

8TH International Workshop on Personalization Approaches in Learning Environments Pale 2018

Springer Verlag, 2018

Personalization is a well-established topic in education and there are more than 30 years of expe... more Personalization is a well-established topic in education and there are more than 30 years of experience in adaptation and personalization approaches that use artificial intelligence. Bringing together methods, techniques and experiences is the motivation of PALE at AIED. Its aim is to share and discuss the new trends in current research, with specific focus on emerging approaches that exploit new data collection technologies to support multimodal personalization of learning

Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Awareness and Reflection in Technology Enhanced Learning

Awareness and reflection are viewed differently across the disciplines informing Technology Enhan... more Awareness and reflection are viewed differently across the disciplines informing Technology Enhanced Learning (CSCW, psychology, educational sciences, computer science and others). The ARTEL workshop series brings together researchers and professionals from different backgrounds to provide a forum for discussing the multi-faceted area of awareness and reflection.

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Towards Requirements for Intelligent Mentoring Systems

Proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Personalization and Recommendation on the Web and Beyond, 2019

The raising demands on qualification increase the importance of technology as a facilitator in th... more The raising demands on qualification increase the importance of technology as a facilitator in the educational process on the side of both receivers and providers. Beside the cognitive aspects, also metacognitive, emotional and motivational ones play a crucial role in learning. A challenge is to recognize the affective status of participants and react to them accordingly, in order to make the learning experience effective and efficient. Various approaches were investigated and reported in the literature. In order to develop mentoring support at the university level in concrete settings, we researched them and tried to identify the key requirements for our solution. Based on these requirements, we plan to design intelligent knowledge services for scalable mentoring processes.

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Document Control Title : Interoperability of Adaptive Learning Components

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Interoperability of Adaptive Learning Components Milos Kravcik, Lora Aroyo, Peter Dolog, Geert-Jan Houben, Ambjörn Naeve, Mikael Nilsson, Bernd Simon, Fridolin Wild

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Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Awareness and Reflection in Technology Enhanced Learning In conjunction with the 11th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning: Adaptive and Adaptable Learning (EC-TEL 2016), Lyon, France, September 13, 2016

Awareness and reflection are viewed differently across the disciplines informing Technology-Enhan... more Awareness and reflection are viewed differently across the disciplines informing Technology-Enhanced Learning (CSCW, psychology, educational sciences, computer science and others). The ARTEL workshop series brings together researchers and professionals from different backgrounds to provide a forum for discussing the multi-faceted area of awareness and reflection. 2016 was the 6th workshop in this series. Through the last ARTEL workshops at EC-TEL the topic has gained maturity and questions addresses are converging towards the usage of awareness and reflection in practice, its implementation in modern organisations, its impact on learners and questions of feasibility and sustainability for awareness and reflection in education and work. To reflect the growing maturity of research in ARTEL over the years in conjunction with the latest trends in TEL, this year's topic particularly invited contributions that deal with the contribution and impact of Learning Analytics on awareness an...

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Data Analysis of Workplace Learning with BOOST

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6 th International Workshop on Personalization Approaches in Learning Environments ( PALE 2016 ) Preface

Personalization approaches in learning environments are crucial to foster effective, active, effi... more Personalization approaches in learning environments are crucial to foster effective, active, efficient, and satisfactory learning. The focus of the PALE workshop series is on the different and complementary perspectives in which personalization can be addressed in learning environments (e.g., informal, workplace, lifelong, mobile, contextualized, and self-regulated learning) and offers an opportunity to present and discuss a wide spectrum of issues and solutions. In particular, this sixth edition includes 12 papers dealing with emotional engagement, affective states, personality, deep learning and complex skills, learning analytics and recommendations, educational data mining, lifelong learning, open learner models, as well as adaptive MOOCs.

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5 th International Workshop on Personalization Approaches in Learning Environments PALE 2015 held in conjunction with

Personalization approaches in learning environments are crucial to foster effective, active, effi... more Personalization approaches in learning environments are crucial to foster effective, active, efficient, and satisfactory learning. They can be addressed from different perspectives and also in various educational settings, including formal, informal, workplace, lifelong, mobile, contextualized, and selfregulated learning. PALE workshop offers an opportunity to present and discuss a wide spectrum of issues and solutions. In particular, this fifth edition includes 6 papers dealing with adapting the study plan (with highlighting), student’s performance (i.e., academic distress), self-regulating learning skills, interoperability in learner modelling by integrating standards (i.e., IMS specification), confusion detection by monitoring mouse movements in a computer game, and knowledge acquisition of mathematical concepts.

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Awareness and reflection in technology enhanced learning

Reflection is a key activity for learning in organizations. While technology support for reflecti... more Reflection is a key activity for learning in organizations. While technology support for reflection on the individual and collaborative level is promising, it remains challenging to embed these learning activities into the organization. To better understand and support reflection in the workplace, it is important to see the mutual dependencies between reflective learning activities and knowledge maturing. In this paper, we seek to bridge the gap by presenting a conceptual model linking reflection and knowledge maturing. Based on the model we put forward three propositions: In reflective learning, expertise moderates knowledge maturing, discrepancies between knowledge elements trigger reflection, and the maturity of knowledge used in reflection influences the reflection process. We use findings from empirical studies in two care homes to support the propositions. We address implications for the design of technology enhanced reflection support by discussing a prototype reflection tool...

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Awareness and Reflection in Technology Enhanced Learning . Vol . 9 , ( 2-3 ) Other

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Using Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things to Enable Context-Dependent Recommendations in the Smart City and Smart Factory

ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS, 2018

Artificial Intelligence and the ongoing digitization of the physical world through the Internet o... more Artificial Intelligence and the ongoing digitization of the physical world through the Internet of Things are two trends that will significantly shape the world of learning and training of tomorrow. In this article, we present background information on Artificial Intelligence, with a focus on education, and the Internet of Things, and present two examples from different domains that illustrate how information collected through sensors is used to understand the context of the user (or learner), and, on that basis, to provide context-dependent recommendations and support. The first example covers exercise culture, youth culture and digitization in the Smart City, while the second example is applicable in the domain of Smart Factories.

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Preface to Special Issue on User Modelling to Support Personalization in Enhanced Educational Settings

International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2016

Personalization approaches in learning environments aim to foster effective, active, efficient, a... more Personalization approaches in learning environments aim to foster effective, active, efficient, and satisfactory learning. Suitable user modelling techniques are crucial to support these approaches in dealing with learners' needs within realistic learning environments, which are currently cropping up in a varied range of situations. Bearing this in mind, this paper provides an overview of relevant research over the last five years in both user modelling and education, which shows an increasing interest among researchers and practitioners who are concerned with modelling users' needs in the new and evolving educational settings that are widening the diversity of learning contexts and issues to be considered. In particular, we have identified three main areas of research: i) modelling of learners and their performance to provide engaging learning experiences, ii) designing adaptive support, and iii) building standards-based models to cope with interoperability and portability.

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Erratum to: Preface to Special Issue on User Modelling to Support Personalization in Enhanced Educational Settings

International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2016

The published article lists an incorrect affiliation for the second author (Milos Kravcik). The c... more

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On Modeling Learning Communities

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2015

The aim to support learning communities by Web 2.0 technology leads to their investigation throug... more The aim to support learning communities by Web 2.0 technology leads to their investigation through the prism of learning theories. However, self-observation and self-modeling requires appropriate tools and skills. In this paper we focus on users of a forum platform and propose several tools that perform community detection, social network analysis, text mining, natural language processing, and clustering. The outcomes serve as inputs for community models that are automatically established using the i* information modeling approach. Stakeholders can recognize issues in their communities by visual analytics of the models. Based on this, they can refine community learning processes and community environments by retrieving new community requirements from the models. The process of model establishment was evaluated by experts in i* information modeling and the results show their acceptance of the proposed techniques. This solution enables also support of various well-known modeling approaches (like IMS Learning Design).

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