In the study are presented the results of co-combustion of biodiesel B100 with ethanol fuel as bl... more In the study are presented the results of co-combustion of biodiesel B100 with ethanol fuel as blend. The 1-cylinder direct injection compression ignition engine was used during the study. Tests were conducted at a constant angle of fuel injection and constant rotational speed equal to 1500 rpm. Results of thermal cycle parameters and emission characteristics are presented. On the basis of results stated that ethanol fuel fraction in blend causes the increase in peak heat release rate. With the increase in ethanol fuel fraction the ignition delay increased but combustion duration decreased. With the increase in ethanol fuel fraction in blend thermal efficiency increased as well. It also noticed almost constant emission of THC, the increase in NOx emissions and decrease emissions in CO and CO2.
The article discusses the possibility of using glycerol as an additive to the engine fuel in orde... more The article discusses the possibility of using glycerol as an additive to the engine fuel in order to reduce the tendency of combustion knock, and thus to increase the octane number of a given fuel. Experimental tests were carried out on the UIT-85 research engine with a variable compression ratio from eight to eleven to test the intensity of the knock. The completely renewable fuel—the blend of glycerol with butanol in the ratio of 25 and 75%, respectively—was tested. A comparative analysis of the knock intensity was conducted with gasoline 95 and N-butanol tested as reference fuels. The developed method for knock analysis using the proposed knock indicator was also presented. The experimental results proved the proposed blend of N-butanol and glycerol reduces the knock intensity by more than 50% in the spark-ignition engine at a compression ratio of 10, maintaining engine performance at a similar level as it was for a gasoline-fueled engine. The results confirmed the thesis on the...
This paper presents the results of experimental tests with a spark-ignition engine powered using ... more This paper presents the results of experimental tests with a spark-ignition engine powered using ammonia and DME (dimethyl ether). The tests were carried out on a CFR (cooperative fuel research) engine with a compression ratio of 10 and a rotational speed of 600 rpm. DME was used as a fuel to facilitate the initiation and then accelerate the combustion in the SI (spark-ignition) engine. It turned out that only about 10% of the energy share of DME ensures the correct combustion process. DME has a positive effect on the combustion stages, reduces the ignition delay time, and shortens the combustion duration. Thanks to this, for 18% of the energy share of NH3, the highest engine efficiency (29.8%), the highest value of the average indicated pressure IMEP (712 kPa), and the minimum value of specific energy consumption (12.1 MJ/kWh) were obtained. Even the smallest DME content ensured the high repeatability of IMEP, below the permissible limit of 5%.
The paper presents results from an investigation focused on toxicity content in the exhaust gases... more The paper presents results from an investigation focused on toxicity content in the exhaust gases emitted by an internal combustion compression ignition engine fueled with glycerol-ethanol blends at ratio of 50/50% by volume. The innovative issue of this engine is the application of two high pressure injectors for injecting both glycerol-ethanol blend and diesel pilot fuel at high pressure (over 200 MPa). As known, glycerol is considered a byproduct from biodiesel production technologies, hence its cost is relatively low compared to other renewable alternative fuels which can be applied as fuels to the reciprocating piston engines. It was found that the toxic components UHC, NOx and CO were below the maximum allowed limits. Both NOx and smoke emissions were strongly reduced with increasing glycerol-ethanol fraction in the fuel. Summarizing, a fueling strategy such as that proposed in this paper makes it possible to effectively and environmentally friendly combust crude glycerol in compression ignition engines working in a heat and power cogeneration unit. Exhaust gas emission tests conducted in this case confirmed the usability of this technology to be implemented into practice.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Wpływ zastosowania przemiennika częstotliwości w sterowaniu napędem hydraulicznym wtryskarki pionowej na jakość wyrobów
Przetwórstwo Tworzyw Selected full …, 2007
... Sposób sterowania napędem hydraulicznym wtryskarki ma istotny wpływ na jakość wyrobu poprzez ... more ... Sposób sterowania napędem hydraulicznym wtryskarki ma istotny wpływ na jakość wyrobu poprzez odpowiednie zapewnienie parametrów procesu, jak również wpływa na mniejszą energochłonność układu napędowego, mniejsze skomplikowanie maszyny a co za tym idzie ...
An experimental investigation of performance-emission trade off of a CI engine fueled by diesel–compressed natural gas (CNG) combination and diesel–ethanol blends with CNG enrichment
Energy, 2013
In order to comply with the ever-stringent emission norms throughout the world and crunch in petr... more In order to comply with the ever-stringent emission norms throughout the world and crunch in petroleum reserves, the modern day automobile industry is compelled to hunt for new and alternative means of fuel sources to keep the wheels spinning globally. Paradoxical objectives of attaining simultaneous reduction in emission along with high performance has provided with a few alternatives. The present study deals with one such approach in which the potential of diesel ethanol blending and subsequent CNG (compressed natural gas) enrichment have been investigated. The study starts with a miscibility test of ethanol in diesel, which paves the way for an experimental comparison between performance and emission characteristics of Diesel–Ethanol blends, Diesel–CNG combinations and Diesel–Ethanol blends with CNG enrichment. The results indicates that diesel ethanol blend D95E5 (95% diesel 5% ethanol) with low CNG enrichment produces a better performance-emission characteristics as compared to base diesel operation as well as diesel–ethanol blend operation. Results also portrayed ethanol's potential in reducing NOx emission, BSEC and smoke opacity.
The upset forging is a method of manufacturing, which aim is to improve the mechanical properties... more The upset forging is a method of manufacturing, which aim is to improve the mechanical properties of the workpiece and to give it the desired shape. In order to meet the requirements for mechanical properties and dimensional and shape characteristics of the product, the device should be equipped with a suitable socket and a tool. Also the parameters of the process must be properly selected. The article presents the method of modeling the process of the upsetting of a bar, used to design and build the forging machine, along with the tooling and used to determine the parameters of the upsetting process.
The article presents results on combustion of the bio-oil blended butanol in the spark ignition e... more The article presents results on combustion of the bio-oil blended butanol in the spark ignition engine. Bio-oil is a mixture of hydro-carbons condensing to liquified phase while cooling it down to ambient temperature. In general, the liquid called bio-oil is a byproduct of the pyrolysis process of organic matter. Results from analysis presented in the manuscript include the following: in-cylinder pressure traces and toxic exhaust emissions. Finally, comparison of these results with results from combustion of n-butanol reference fuel were provided. Obtained results indicate satisfactory, eco-friendly possibility for utilization of bio-oil in the internal combustion engine
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Papers by Michał Pyrc