Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering, Oct 17, 2023
Currently, modern internal combustion engines are receiving great attention due to their efficien... more Currently, modern internal combustion engines are receiving great attention due to their efficiency, particularly in response to the increasing limits imposed by environmental and emission legislation. Sound emissions of internal combustion engines are mainly caused by three sources of noise: combustion, mechanical and aerodynamic flow. The secondary motion of the piston plays a crucial role in the analysis of performance, noise, vibration and reliability of internal combustion engine (ICE). In the presented article, a mathematical simulation model has been developed by using of the GT-Suite software to study the rotational and lateral motion of the piston (called secondary motion) as well as the piston slap in ICE. This model takes into account the effect of variation in the major geometric parameters of the skirt design, such as the piston pin offset (P.P.O) and the length of the skirt. Furthermore, a combined model that accounts for the interplay between the secondary dynamics of the piston and the dynamic fluid lubrication has been developed. This model utilizes a mixed lubrication approach for the purpose of simulation. The results of this simulation have demonstrated that the variations in length of the skirt and the P.P.O have a considerable effect on piston secondary motion and tribological performances, and that the lateral motion of the piston is significantly influenced by the piston side force, which plays a crucial role in this behavior.
There have been continuing efforts in the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) community to understand... more There have been continuing efforts in the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) community to understand the detailed spray characteristics by investigating several standard diesel injectors. With the increasing interest in the use of alternative and renewable fuels, the present study conducted large eddy simulations with dynamic structure subgrid closure in the Eulerian volume-of-fluid (VOF) framework to identify the characteristics of oxymethylene ethers (OME), which has distinct physical and chemical properties leading to low soot emissions. In particular, the spray features of n-dodecane and OME3 were compared and analyzed in terms of their transient dynamics following the nozzle opening. ECN Spray A, C, and D were considered to assess the effects of nozzle convergence factor and nozzle diameter. The measured nozzle geometries by the Argonne National Laboratory were adopted to mimic the internal flow development. Due to the higher density of OME3, it generates a higher projected density, but a lower injection velocity is obtained. This behavior is attributed to its higher mass inertia. The diverging Spray C injector induces a significantly lower projected density and mass flow rate than the converging Spray D injector owing to cavitation just after the sharp nozzle inlet corner. By comparison, the Spray A injector generates the lowest projected density and mass flow rate for its smallest nozzle diameter. Various fuels demonstrate similar flow fields, evidenced by the significantly similar pressure distribution. The OME3 cases lead to a slightly higher temperature distribution within the nozzle channel, which is attributed to the lower turbulent kinetic energy and thus the slower heat transfer process.
The main objective of this study is to elaborate an engine cycle simulation program using GT-Suit... more The main objective of this study is to elaborate an engine cycle simulation program using GT-Suite software to analyze the influence of equivalence ration and compression ratio on the main emissions of a four-stroke direct injection spark ignition engine. The experimental result is used to compare the cylinder pressure result obtained with the developed model. The present article is a study of the effect of compression ratio and equivalence ratio on the main emissions of the direct injection spark engine for a two-zone combustion analytical model and by using of the GT-Suite simulation software. The developed analytical model is validated by the use of experimental data. The analytical curve of the pressure in the combustion chamber is experimentally validated with a difference of the order of 6%.
El comportamiento del revestimiento del anillo del pistón de combustión representa una de las may... more El comportamiento del revestimiento del anillo del pistón de combustión representa una de las mayores fuentes de fricción y de potencia para diferentes condiciones de funcionamiento de un motor de combustión interna. El presente trabajo evalúa el efecto del perfil del anillo de compresión sobre el principal comportamiento tribológico del lubricante en un motor diésel de cuatro tiempos. Se desarrolló un análisis unidimensional utilizando el software GT-Suite para la lubricación hidrodinámica entre el segmento del pistón de compresión y la pared del cilindro. Se aplicó un método numérico para analizar la influencia de los diferentes diseños geométricos de anillos durante el ciclo de trabajo sobre el espesor de la película de aceite, la fuerza de fricción y la pérdida de potencia. Se utilizó el modelo de simulación de Takigushi para validar y verificar el modelo numérico utilizado. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron una compatibilidad cualitativa y cuantitativa buena entre los dos mode...
For different operating conditions of an internal combustion engine, the piston-ring-liner compar... more For different operating conditions of an internal combustion engine, the piston-ring-liner compartment represents one of the largest sources of friction and power losses. The present paper is a contribution to evaluate the effect of the compression ring profile on the main tribological performance of the lubricant in a four-stroke diesel engine. A one-dimensional analysis was developed using GT-Suite software for the hydrodynamic lubrication between the compression piston ring and the cylinder wall. A numerical method was applied to analyze the influence of different ring geometrical designs during the working cycle on oil film thickness, frictional force, power losses. The Takigushi simulation model was used to validate and verify the developed numerical model. The results obtained showed a relatively good qualitative and quantitative compatibility between the two applied models. The developed numerical model allows the investigation of the influence of ring design parameters to im...
Thermodynamic Simulation Model of the Compression Ignition Engine
In this work we carried out a comparative study of indicated mean effective pressure, mean effect... more In this work we carried out a comparative study of indicated mean effective pressure, mean effective pressure, power, torque and brake specific fuel consumption obtained by the analytical model for thermodynamic cycle simulation of a turbocharged diesel engine with the computer program developed in the language FORTRAN and those with the GT-Power software.The language FORTRAN program developedis currently usedin the course ofmodeling and simulation ofengine performance.
For different operating conditions of an internal combustion engine, the piston-ring-liner compar... more For different operating conditions of an internal combustion engine, the piston-ring-liner compartment represents one of the largest sources of friction and power losses. The present paper is a contribution to evaluate the effect of the compression ring profile on the main tribological performance of the lubricant in a four-stroke diesel engine by using the GT-suite simulation software. A one-dimensional analysis is developed for the hydrodynamic lubrication between the compression piston ring and the cylinder wall. A numerical method is applied to analyse the influence of different ring geometrical designs during the working cycle on oil film thickness, frictional force, power losses. The Takiguchi simulation model /1/ is used to validate and verify the developed numerical model. The results obtained show a relatively good qualitative and quantitative compatibility between the two applied models. The developed numerical model allows the investigation of the influence of ring design...
The increasing complexity of modern engines has rendered the prototyping phase long and expensive... more The increasing complexity of modern engines has rendered the prototyping phase long and expensive. This is where engine modelling has become, in the recent years, extremely useful and can be used as an indispensable tool when developing new engine concepts. The purpose of this work was to provide a flexible thermodynamic model based on the filling-and-emptying approach for the performance prediction of a four-stroke turbocharged compression ignition engine and to present in the qualitatively point of review the effect of a number of parameters considered affecting the performance of turbocharged diesel engines. To validate the model, comparisons were made between results from a computer program developed using FORTRAN language and the commercial GT-Power software operating under different conditions. The comparisons showed that there was a good concurrence between the developed program and the commercial GT-Power software. The range of variation of the rotational speed of the diesel...
Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems, 2020
The study of heat transfer phenomena in diesel engines is a very complex task considering the num... more The study of heat transfer phenomena in diesel engines is a very complex task considering the number of engine components such as intake and exhaust manifolds, lubricant oil and coolant subsystems, the different heat transfer mechanisms (conduction, convection, and radiation). This paper presents simulation results using a dual-zone model associated to GT-Suite simulation software for the calculation of convective heat transfer from gas to the cylinder wall, radiation heat transfer, gas pressure and temperature for low, partial and full load engine as a function of crank angle for a single-cylinder diesel engine. In this present article, a numerical simulation model was created to foresee the main combustion characteristics, and the simulated results were approved through the reference experiment data. Simulation results showed that any increase in the mass of fuel injected into the combustion chamber would generate a significant increase in the level of pressure and temperature of ...
The oil consumption in an internal combustion engine is an important source of pollution and part... more The oil consumption in an internal combustion engine is an important source of pollution and particulate emissions, main efforts are done by the manufacturers to reduce to the maximum the impact of the oil consumption on the emissions of the engine, and to satisfy the increasingly rigorous standards of pollution. The losses by friction due to piston ring friction explain 20 % of the total mechanical losses in internal combustion engines. A reduction in piston ring friction would therefore result in higher efficiency, lower fuel consumption and reduced emissions. The goal of this study is to develop a numerical method by using of GT-Suite software to analyze the influence of engine speed and engine load during the working cycle on oil film thickness, frictional force, power losses. Our predicted results were validated with the experimental data of a previous study, and they have shown a good agreement. The results in the current analysis demonstrated that the engine speed and load ha...
Since many years static mixers find usage in chemical, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry... more Since many years static mixers find usage in chemical, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. One of the most commonly used is the Kenics type static mixer. In a framework of the current work the CFD simulation for Kenics static mixer were performed. In food or cosmetic industry one must deal very often with non-Newtonian fluids. Therefore this work concerns the numerical study of non-Newtonian fluid flux in a kenics km static mixer with laminar flow using the Navier-Stocks equation governing the phenomenon and the pressure loss equation. This simulation was made using the computational fluid dynamic software (CFX 12.0). In this paper we studied the influence of the Reynolds number, the viscosity of the fluid, aspect ratio and the number of helical elements fixed on the pressure drop. It was found that the CFD results of pressure drop for non-Newtonian power law was similar to literature data (the correlation of C.D.GRACE 1971 and the numerical simulation of E.SAATDJIAN 2012).
For different operating conditions of an internal combustion engine, the piston–ring–liner compar... more For different operating conditions of an internal combustion engine, the piston–ring–liner compartment represents one of the largest sources of friction and power losses. The aim of this article is to evaluate the effect of the compression ring profile on the main tribological performance of the lubricant in a four-stroke diesel engine. A one-dimensional analysis was developed for the hydrodynamic lubrication between the compression piston ring and the cylinder wall. A numerical method was applied to analyze the influence of different ring geometrical designs during the working cycle on oil film thickness, frictional force, and power losses. Our predicted results were validated with the Takiguchi data of a previous study, and they have shown a good agreement. The results in the current analysis demonstrated that the ring geometry profile, the engine speed, and load have a remarkable effect on oil film thickness, friction force, and friction power losses between the top ring and cyli...
One of the objectives of this study is to elaborate an engine cycle simulation program in FORTRAN... more One of the objectives of this study is to elaborate an engine cycle simulation program in FORTRAN language to analyze the influence of operating parameters on the performance (theeffective power, torque and specific fuel consumption) of a four-stroke gasoline engine (Ford ZSG 416 gasoline engine) for different engine operating parameters. The GT-Powerengine simulation software was used to compare the results obtained with the developed computer program and to improve it. In this program, a single-zone thermodynamicmodel was considered, which describes each phase of the engine cycle. In order to validate the developed program, a comparison of the experimental results with those obtainedusing GT-Power software was carried out. The other objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of a number of significant engine parameters such as compression ratio, cylinder wall temperature, cylinder diameter, stroke-bore ratio and ignition angle on the performance of the chosen engine. ...
The purpose of this work is to provide a flexible thermodynamic model based on the filling and em... more The purpose of this work is to provide a flexible thermodynamic model based on the filling and emptying approach for the performance prediction of turbocharged compression ignition engine. To validate the model, comparisons are made between results of a developed a computer program in FORTRAN language and the commercial GT-Power software operating under different conditions. The comparisons show that there is a good concurrence between the developed program and the commercial GT-Power software. The variation of the speed of the diesel engine chosen extends from 800 RPM to 2100 RPM. In this work, we studied the influence of several engine parameters on the power and efficiency. Moreover, it puts in evidence the existence of two optimal points in the engine, one relative to maximum power and another to maximum efficiency. It is found that if the injection time is advanced, so the maximum levels of pressure and temperature in the cylinder will be high.
International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 2015
The increasing complexity of modern engines has rendered the prototyping phase long and expensive... more The increasing complexity of modern engines has rendered the prototyping phase long and expensive. This is where engine modelling becomes in the recent years extremely useful and can be used as an indispensable tool when developing new engine concepts. The purpose of this work was to provide a flexible thermodynamic model based on the filling-and-emptying approach for the performance prediction of a four-stroke turbocharged compression ignition engine. To validate the model, comparisons were made between results from a computer program developed using FORTRAN language and the commercial GT-Power software operating under different conditions. The comparisons showed that there was a good concurrence between the developed program and the commercial GT-Power software. The range of variation of the rotational speed of the diesel engine chosen extends from 800 to 2100 RPM. By analysing these parameters with regard to two optimal points in the engine, one relative to maximum power and another to maximum efficiency, it was found that if the injection timing is advanced, the maximum levels of pressure and temperature in the cylinder are high.
The influence of different parameters on the performance of the compression ignition engine
International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2015
ABSTRACT The purpose of this work was to provide a flexible thermodynamic model based on the fill... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this work was to provide a flexible thermodynamic model based on the filling-and-emptying approach for the performance prediction of a four-stroke turbocharged compression ignition engine. To validate the model, comparisons were made between results from a computer program developed using FORTRAN language and the commercial GT-Power software operating under different conditions. The comparisons showed that there was a good concurrence between the developed program and the commercial GT-Power software. The range of variation of the rotational speed of the diesel engine chosen extends from 800 RPM to 2100 RPM. By analyzing these parameters with regard to two optimal points in the engine, one relative to maximum power and another to maximum efficiency, it was found that if the injection timing is advanced, so the maximum levels of pressure and temperature in the cylinder are high.
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Papers by Brahim Menacer