This work extends existing multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms beyond their original settings by ... more This work extends existing multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms beyond their original settings by leveraging advances in sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods from the approximate inference community. We leverage Monte Carlo estimation and, in particular, the flexibility of (sequential) importance sampling to allow for accurate estimation of the statistics of interest within the MAB problem. The MAB is a sequential allocation task where the goal is to learn a policy that maximizes long term payoff, where only the reward of the executed action is observed; i.e., sequential optimal decisions are made, while simultaneously learning how the world operates. In the stochastic setting, the reward for each action is generated from an unknown distribution. To decide the next optimal action to take, one must compute sufficient statistics of this unknown reward distribution, e.g., upper-confidence bounds (UCB), or expectations in Thompson sampling. Closed-form expressions for these statistics of interest are analytically intractable except for simple cases. By combining SMC methods-which estimate posterior densities and expectations in probabilistic models that are analytically intractable-with Bayesian state-of-the-art MAB algorithms, we extend their applicability to complex models: those for which sampling may be performed even if analytic computation of summary statistics is infeasible-nonlinear reward functions and dynamic bandits. We combine SMC both for Thompson sampling and upper confident bound-based (Bayes-UCB) policies, and study different bandit models: classic Bernoulli and Gaussian distributed cases, as well as dynamic and context dependent linear-Gaussian, logistic and categorical-softmax rewards.
The authors report a rare case of Monteggia bilateral fracture combining bifocal fracture of the ... more The authors report a rare case of Monteggia bilateral fracture combining bifocal fracture of the left ulna to a mid-shaft fracture of the radius with dislocation of the radial head and on the right; a fractured ulna with dislocation of the radial head occurring in a patient of 31 years after an accident of the public highway. In emergency, the treatment consisted of a fixation with radius special plates and a left pin ulnar upper radio. The evolution was marked by a good consolidation and after six months the patient had resumed operations.
La Confrerie Des Chasseurs Bamanan : Litterature et Societe a Travers Des Chants et Recits De Chasse
Http Www Theses Fr, 1996
Nous consacrons ce travail a la presentation bilingue - langues bamanan et francaise - de six (6)... more Nous consacrons ce travail a la presentation bilingue - langues bamanan et francaise - de six (6) recits epiques et six (6) chants des chasseurs traditionnels bamanan du mali. Mais puisqu'une oeuvre litteraire est le reflet de la societe qui l'a produite, nous faisons une breve presentation du peuple bamanan sur les plans historique, economique et socio-culturel. En outre, nous nous attachons a mettre en exergue la richesse litteraire et la fonction socio-culturelle de la litteratu re specifique des confreries de chasse. Nous mettons egalement l'accent sur la vie religieuse, les croyances et les conceptions des chasseurs traditionnels bamanan a travers leurs chants et recits.
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