Papers by Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek
Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan eBooks, 2021
Acta …, 2010
The aim of this paper was to reconstruct environmental changes during the last 2 kyr in the Orawa... more The aim of this paper was to reconstruct environmental changes during the last 2 kyr in the Orawa-Nowy Targ Basin based on palynological anlaysis and the radiocarbon dating of two peat bog profi les from Puścizna Mała and Puścizna Krauszowska. So far, pollen profi les from this area have failed to include any radiocarbon dates from this period. The fi rst human activity was recorded between the 1 st and the 6 th centuries AD when the sporadic presence of Cerealia pollen may point to agricultural activity by the Przeworsk Culture tribes. The reversal of the chronological order of layers between the 7 th and the 17 th century in Puścizna Krauszowska is also the result of human activity on the peat bog dome. This has led to the exclusion of this part from consideration. Busier economic activity in the 9 th-11 th centuries in Puścizna Mała is apparent from more frequent occurrences of Cerealia type and Secale cereale pollen, as well as from the rise in the proportions of open ground herbs. However, historical sources do not confi rm constant settlement in this area at that time. The beginning of medieval colonization caused strong deforestation in the Orawa-Nowy Targ Basin, when mainly beech-fi r forests and on a smaller scale spruce were destroyed. The domes of reclaimed peat bogs were colonized by Calluna vulgaris and Pinus sylvestris. An increase in the percentage of coprophilous fungi in the profi les indicates development of pastures. Between medieval and present times the sharp rise in the frequency of charred particles may be explained by peat bog fi res and/or the foundation of factories in the 20 th century.
Anthropocene history of rich fen acidification in W Poland — Causes and indicators of change
Science of The Total Environment, Sep 1, 2022
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Mar 1, 2015
This paper presents and discusses vegetation changes between ca. 14,910 and 11,620 cal. BP, which... more This paper presents and discusses vegetation changes between ca. 14,910 and 11,620 cal. BP, which are recorded in the deposits of a small mire located in southeastern Poland. Particular attention is paid to arboreal taxa. Changes in arboreal vegetation are reconstructed on the basis of pollen analysis, including pollen accumulation rate (PAR), and analysis of plant macrofossils, these being supported by radiocarbon chronology. Before the onset of the GI-1 warming (14,910±310-14,810±280 cal. BP) a mosaic of Pinus and Betula wood patches and/or isolated stands of trees, along with heliophilous Juniperus thickets were dispersed within patches of herb steppe and tundra communities. Thermal amelioration at the GS-2-GI-1 transition (ca.
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Sep 1, 2017
Five centuries of the Early Holocene forest development and its interactions with palaeoecosystem... more Five centuries of the Early Holocene forest development and its interactions with palaeoecosystem of small landslide lake in the Beskid Makowski Mountains (Western Carpathians, Poland)-High resolution multi-proxy study, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (2017),
Navigating the limitations, assumptions and conceptual pitfalls of Nd isotope research on peatlands: Reply to the comments of Le Roux et al. (2023) on ‘Neodymium isotopes in peat reveal past local environmental disturbances’ by Marcisz et al. (2023)
Science of The Total Environment
Consequences of Lake Expansion and Disappearance for the Complex of Bronze and Iron Age Settlements at Bruszczewo (Western Poland, Central Europe)
Environmental Archaeology
The archaeological microregion in Bruszczewo located along the middle course of the Samica River,... more The archaeological microregion in Bruszczewo located along the middle course of the Samica River, was inhabited during the Bronze and Iron Ages by Únětice and Lusatian Urnfields culture people. Earlier literature emphasised that the valley floor was an extensive lake during the Bronze Age. Our research aimed to reconstruct the Bronze and Early Iron Age development of the lake and its transition into peatland. Using environmental archaeology methods, we marked the significant turning points in the lakes history. During the Early Bronze Age, a deep eutrophic lake was present on the valley floor, which supported the defensive nature of the nearby Únětice culture settlement. Around ca. 1880–1690 cal. BC, the lake underwent transgression, forcing people to create a fascine in the shoreline zone of the settlement. Terrestrialization of the lake began ca. 790–540 cal. BC with a gradual overgrowing that ended around the threshold of the eras. When compared to the results from other sites, it seems that these turning points were probably instigated by local triggers rather than global climatic events.
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2018
In this article, we focus on transformations of a small peatland, located in the remote area of n... more In this article, we focus on transformations of a small peatland, located in the remote area of northeastern Poland, which originated through partial terrestrialisation of Lake Czarne during the last 6000 years. We investigated the changes in vegetation patterns and linked them to climate changes and a concurrent succession of forest in the surroundings of the basin. We applied pollen, non-pollen palynomorph (NPP), and plant macrofossil analysis, supplemented
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 2011
Tetraploa aristata Berkeley & Broome represents the anamorphic stage of a pleomorphic fungus with... more Tetraploa aristata Berkeley & Broome represents the anamorphic stage of a pleomorphic fungus with holomorph Tetraplosphaeria tetraploa (Scheuer) Kaz. Tanaka & K. Hiray (Lophiostoma tetraploa (Scheuer) Aptroot & K.D. Hyde). Until now this taxon has not been reported in Poland, where it is probably on the fringe of its distribution. Conidia of Tetraploa aristata were found during palynological analyses of modern surface samples and later on the decaying leaves of Phleum phleoides from xeric grasslands in Kraków and its vicinity. Since Tetraploa aristata was discovered during palynological analysis, this method might be considered to be a useful tool for investigations of contemporary microfungal mycobiota.
Neodymium isotopes in peat reveal past local environmental disturbances
Science of The Total Environment
Two millennia of environmental changes on ombrotrophic peat bogs in the Orawa-Nowy Targ Depression (southern Poland) inferred from palaeobotanical proxies
Acta …, 2012
ABSTRACT. This paper reports the finding of Debarya glyptosperma zygospores in xeric grasslands f... more ABSTRACT. This paper reports the finding of Debarya glyptosperma zygospores in xeric grasslands far from the natural habitat of algal species. This fact suggests that this species is an airborne alga and this has not been reported before. What is more the discoidal shape ...
246 A multi-proxy approach to the climate/vegetation/human relationships recorded in a piedmont bog in southern Poland
Japanese Journal of Palynology
Towards the Anthropocene peatlands and forests – old-growth forest loss in Western Poland initiated peat growth and peatland state shifts
<p>During European states’ development, various past societies utiliz... more <p>During European states’ development, various past societies utilized natural resources, but their impact was not uniformly spatially and temporally distributed. Considerable changes resulted in landscape fragmentation, especially during the Middle Ages. Changes in state advances that affected the local economy significantly drove the trajectories of ecosystems’ development. The legacy of significant changes from pristine forests to farming is visible in natural archives as novel ecosystems. Here, we present two high‑resolution, densely dated multi‑proxy studies covering the last 1000 years from peatlands in CE Europe. In that case, the economic activity of medieval societies was related to the emerging Polish state and new rulers, the Piasts (in Greater Poland) and the Joannites (the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, Knights Hospitaller). Our research revealed rapid deforestation and subsequent critical land-use transition in the high and late Middle Ages and its consequences on the peatland ecosystem development. The shift from the old-growth forests correlates well with raising the local economy, deforestation and enhanced peat initiation. Along with the emerging landscape openness, the wetlands switched from wet fen with open water to terrestrial habitats. Both sites possess a different timing of the shift, but they also show that the catchment deforestation caused accelerated terrestrialization. Our data show how closely the ecological state of wetlands relates to forest microclimate. We identified a significant impact of economic development and the onset of intensive agriculture processes near the study sites. Our results revealed a surprisingly fast rate at which the feudal economy eliminated pristine nature from the studied area and led to intensive nature exploitation in the Anthropocene. In consequence, its activities led to the creation of novel peatlands types.</p>
The Śnieżka peatland as a candidate for the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series
The Anthropocene Review
The subalpine, atmospherically fed Śnieżka peatland, located in the Polish part of the Sudetes, i... more The subalpine, atmospherically fed Śnieżka peatland, located in the Polish part of the Sudetes, is one of the nominated candidates for the GSSP of the Anthropocene. Data from two profiles, Sn1 (2012) and Sn0 (2020), from this site are critical for distinguishing the proposed epoch, while an additional core Sn2 is presented to support main evidence. The Sn0 archive contains a wide array of critical markers such as plutonium (Pu), radiocarbon (F14C), fly ash particles, Hg and stable C and N isotopes which are consistent with the previously well documented 210Pb/14C dated Sn1 profile, which provides a high-resolution and comprehensive database of trace elements and rare earth elements (REE), Pb isotopes, Pu, Cs, pollen and testate amoebae. The 1952 worldwide appearance of Pu, owing to its global synchronicity and repeatability between the cores, is proposed here as a primary marker of the Anthropocene, supported by the prominent upturn of selected chemostratigraphic and biostratigraphi...
The importance of high-resolution multi-proxy paleoecological research for historical geography and economic history
Artykuł prezentuje znaczenie paleoekologii dla badań historii gospodarczej, geografii historyczne... more Artykuł prezentuje znaczenie paleoekologii dla badań historii gospodarczej, geografii historycznej i historii środowiskowej. Praca przybliża możliwości metodyczne paleoekologii. Zwracamy uwagę na niewykorzystany dotąd potencjał wysokorozdzielczej paleoekologii. Wykorzystując naturalne archiwa (osady jezior i torfowisk), jesteśmy w stanie prześledzić historię przemian przyrody, możemy zrekonstruować historię i lepiej zrozumieć zmiany ekosystemów Polski oraz jej rozwój ekonomicznyThe article presents the importanceof palaeoecology for the study of economic history, historical geography and environmental history. The text introduces the methodological possibilities of palaeoecology. We pay attention to the unused potential of high resolution palaeoecol-ogy. By using natural archives (sediments of lakes and peatlands), we are able to trace the history of changes in nature. We can reconstruct history and better understand the changes in Poland’s ecosys-tems and its economic development
Treasures of Time: Research of the Faculty of Archaeology of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 2021
Settlement archaeology is often supported by geoarchaeology in which human habitation is drawn on... more Settlement archaeology is often supported by geoarchaeology in which human habitation is drawn on the timeframe of landscape changes derived through interdisciplinary research. An example of a geoarchaeological approach to settlement study is the Bruszczewo Lake project conducted in Central-Western Poland. The area of Bruszczewo and the Samica River Valley witnessed human occupation since the Neolithic period and is most widely known for the presence of an Early Bronze Age fortified settlement. Previous research provided initial information about the presence of a lake and marshland in prehistoric and early historical times. A new geoarchaeological project aims to create a detailed environmental and landscape transformation history combined with the extensive knowledge of the archaeology of the area. Using GIS techniques, conventional drilling, and vibra-coring, a new set of data is brought to light and analysed in palaeoenvironmental terms. Constructed geological profiles across th...
Supplement 1. The raw data on pollen morphology and climate variables of the collection sites used in the analysis
File List data.txt -- (MD5: a82e69f2e3cab98107c9ae2557ce613f) Description The data.txt is a tab-s... more File List data.txt -- (MD5: a82e69f2e3cab98107c9ae2557ce613f) Description The data.txt is a tab-separated file. It contains the raw data on pollen morphology (polar axis, equatorial axis, surface area, and volume) and climate variables (Temperature, PET, and altitude) of the collection sites. Column definitions are given in the file. Missing values are represented as "-9999". Checksum values are: Column 3 (Collection site – Latitude): SUM = 3786.63; 16 missing values (rows with data: 74) Column 4 (Collection site – Longitude): SUM = 1410.62; 16 missing values (rows with data: 74) Column 5 (Altitude provided by collector [m]): SUM = 16531.00; 74 missing values (rows with data: 16) Column 6 (Altitude SRTM 250x250m [m]): SUM = 16931.00; 16 missing values (rows with data: 74) Column 7 (Temperature May [deg.C]): SUM = 429.20; 56 missing values (rows with data: 34) Column 8 (Temperature June [deg.C]): SUM = 989.70; 29 missing values (rows with data: 61) Column 9 (Temperature Jul...
Vegetation-human-climate interplays during the Middle Holocene in the Dniestr-Łomnica valley (western Ukraine) recorded in ox-bow lake deposits
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement, 2013
This supplementary contains: 4 SI Table 1. Information of the charcoal records (sites and entitie... more This supplementary contains: 4 SI Table 1. Information of the charcoal records (sites and entities) in the Reading Palaeofire Database version 1. Latitude and longitude are in decimal degrees, and elevation in metres above/below sea level. Fields where information could be available but was never recorded or has subsequently been lost are represented by-999999, fields where we were unable to obtain this information but it could be included in subsequent updates of the database are represented by-777777, fields where specific information is not applicable are represented by-888888. SI Table 2. List of pre-defined valid choices for restricted fields in the Reading Palaeofire Database version 1. SI Table 3: List of charcoal measurement units currently used in the Reading Palaeofire Database version 1 SI Figure 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Summary of the stages used to select the optimum RBacon age models for from ageR. Plots A.-C. show the modelling output from ageR for an example entity from the RPD (Geral core), where the optimum age model selected by ageR A. is a table ranking the age model scenarios by the lowest area between the prior and posterior accumulation rate curves. Note that only the top 5 model scenarios of a total of 25 run for this entity are listed B. Shows the plots for the prior and posterior accumulation rates and the area between curves for the top 5 model scenarios. C. Is the top ranked RBacon age model (Accumulation rate = 15, thickness = 10) which was visually checked to verify that the interpolation through the dates was valid and consistent with the dates. In this example, the top ranked model scenario selected by ageR (Accumulation rate = 15, thickness= 10) was accepted as the chosen model scenario as the interpolation through the dates is valid. SI Figure 2. An example of alternative model scenario selection where the top ranked ageR model scenario is deemed to be inaccurate. In this example, the top ranked model scenario from King Tableland Swamp (accumulation rate = 45, thickness = 5)(A.) with the lowest area between the prior and posterior accumulation rate curves (B.) does not accurately represent the date at 157.5cm. This age was included by the original authors and lies in stratigraphic order with the other dates. Therefore, this model is rejected in favour of the model with the next lowest abc score which accurately reflects the dates included (ageR model ranking 3 in A.). The RBacon plot for this age model scenario is shown in D. (accumulation rate = 90, thickness = 5) and is more accurately and precisely modelled through the dates than the model selected by ageR. Site name Entities (#) Elevation (m) Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Site Type Water depth (m) Basin size (km 2) Citation(s)
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Papers by Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek