Finding experts over the Web using semantics has recently received increased attention, especiall... more Finding experts over the Web using semantics has recently received increased attention, especially its application to enterprise management. This scenario introduces many novel challenges to the Web of Data. Gathering Enterprise Expertise Knowledge (GEEK) is a research project which fosters the adoption of Semantic Web technologies within the enterprise environment. GEEK has produced a prototype that demonstrates how to extract and infer expertise by taking into account people’s participation in various online communities (forums and projects). The reuse and interlinking of existing, well-established vocabularies in the areas of person description (FOAF), Internet communities (SIOC), project description (DOAP) and vocabulary sharing (SKOS) are explored in our framework, as well as a proposal for applying customized rules and other enabling technologies to the expert finding task.
In this paper, we apply Semantic Web technologies to the creation of an improved search engine ov... more In this paper, we apply Semantic Web technologies to the creation of an improved search engine over legal and public administration documents. Conventional search strategies based on syntactic matching of tokens offer little help when the users' vocabulary and the documents' vocabulary differ. This is often the case in public administration documents. We present a semantic search tool that fills this gap using Semantic Web technologies, in particular, ontologies and controlled vocabularies, and a hybrid search approach, avoiding the expensive tagging of documents.
ABSTRACT The SIOC (Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities) Core Ontology provides the main c... more ABSTRACT The SIOC (Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities) Core Ontology provides the main concepts and properties required to describe information from online communities (e.g., message boards, wikis, weblogs, etc.) on the Semantic Web. This document contains a detailed description of the SIOC Core Ontology.
This article introduces a domain-and application-independent language for representing preference... more This article introduces a domain-and application-independent language for representing preferences as part of user profiles. It also describes the translation of statements of this language to RDF datasets using a new ontology named Framework for Ratings and Preferences (FRAP). The availability of this language and its RDF representation enable the effective exchange of user preferences across different applications in the web environment. The practical usage and limitations of this approach are also discussed in the article.
Abstract. Zaragoza city council has deployed a tourist promotional mashup, called eZaragoza. This... more Abstract. Zaragoza city council has deployed a tourist promotional mashup, called eZaragoza. This mashup allows the access to tourist infor-mation from different data sources, both internal and external. eZaragoza is built on EzWeb, a mashup platform where application components (gadgets) exchange information among them. The core data used come from a public dataset available as Linked Data. In this document, we mainly put the focus on how Linked Data can be consumed by a mashup platform. 1
Abstract. Analysing RDF data gathered from heterogeneous Semantic Web sources requires a previous... more Abstract. Analysing RDF data gathered from heterogeneous Semantic Web sources requires a previous step of consolidation in order to remove redundant instances (data smushing). Our aim is to explore and integrate smushing techniques to improve recall, i.e., to find as many redundant instances as possible. Two approaches to spot resources with the same identity are described: the first one is based on Logics, exploiting OWL inverse functional properties (IFP); the second one is based on traditional IR techniques, e.g., resource label comparison. We evaluate experimental results in the context of open source communities. 1
Grounding is the process in charge of linking re- quests and responses of web services with the s... more Grounding is the process in charge of linking re- quests and responses of web services with the semantic web services execution platform, and it is the key activity to au- tomate their execution in a real business environment. In this paper, the authors propose a practical solution for data groun- ding. On the one hand, we define a mapping language to relate data structures from services definition in WSDL documents to concepts, properties and instances of a business domain. On the other hand, two functions that perform the lowering and lifting processes using these mapping specifications are also defined.
Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2011
The Semantic Web contains a number of different knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RI... more The Semantic Web contains a number of different knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule sets and RDF datasets. Effective exchange and management of these artifacts demand the use of metadata and prompt availability of accurate reference documentation. In this paper, we analyze the current practices in metadata usage for OWL ontologies, and we propose a vocabulary for annotating RIF rules. We also introduce a software tool-Parrot-that exploits these annotations and produces reference documentation for combinations of ontologies and rules.
This paper surveys the use of Spreading Activation techniques onSemantic Networks in Associative ... more This paper surveys the use of Spreading Activation techniques onSemantic Networks in Associative Information Retrieval. The majorSpreading Activation models are presented and their applications toIR is surveyed. A number of works in this area are criticallyanalyzed in order to study the relevance of Spreading Activation forassociative IR.
In this paper, we apply Semantic Web technologies to the creation of an improved search engine ov... more In this paper, we apply Semantic Web technologies to the creation of an improved search engine over legal and public administration documents. Conventional search strategies based on syntactic matching of tokens offer little help when the users' vocabulary and the documents' vocabulary differ. This is often the case in public administration documents. We present a semantic search tool that fills this gap using Semantic Web technologies, in particular, ontologies and controlled vocabularies, and a hybrid search approach, avoiding the expensive tagging of documents.
ONTOSPREAD: A Framework for Supporting the Activation of Concepts in Graph-Based Structures through the Spreading Activation Technique
ABSTRACT The present paper introduces the ONTOSPREAD frame-work for the development, conguration,... more ABSTRACT The present paper introduces the ONTOSPREAD frame-work for the development, conguration, customization and execution of the Spreading Activation technique over graph-based structures more specically over RDF graphs and ontologies arising from the Semantic Web area. This technique has been used to the ecient exploration and querying of large and heterogeneous knowledge bases based on seman-tic networks in the Information and Document Retrieval domains. ON-TOSPREAD implements the double process of activation and spreading of concepts in ontologies applying dierent restrictions of the original model like weight degradation according to the distance or others com-ing from the extension of this technique like the converging paths reward. This technique provide a whole framework to ease the information ac-cess, common required feature in the exploitation of new and existing digital libraries. Finally, in this work an evaluation methodology and an example using the Galen ontology are provided to validate the goodness, the improvement and the capabilities of this framework applied to digital libraries.
Ontology-Based Knowledge Management In The Steel Industry
ArcelorMittal is the world's number one steel company, with 330,000 employees in more than 6... more ArcelorMittal is the world's number one steel company, with 330,000 employees in more than 60 countries. The company is the product of the union of two of the world's leading steel companies, Mittal Steel and Arcelor. With industrial activity in 27 countries across Europe, ...
The present article introduces the ONTOSPREAD API for the development, conguration, customization... more The present article introduces the ONTOSPREAD API for the development, conguration, customization and execution of the Spreading Activation technique over graph-based structures more specically over semantic networks, RDF graphs and ontologies arising from the Semantic Web area. This technique has been used to the ecient exploration and querying of large and heterogeneous knowledge bases based on semantic networks in the Information or Document Retrieval domains. ONTOSPREAD implements the double process of activation and spread of concepts in ontologies, implicit graph structures, applying dierent restrictions of the original model like weight degradation according to the distance or others coming from the extension of this technique like the converging paths reward. The main application of Spreading Activation lies in two dierent areas of interest to digital libraries: 1) construction of hybrid semantic search engines 2) ranking of information resources according to an input set of weighted resources. These techniques provide a whole framework to ease the information access, a common required features in the exploitation of new and existing digital libraries. Finally, in this work an evaluation methodology and an example using the Galen ontology are provided to validate the goodness, the improvement and the capabilities of this framework applied to digital libraries.
Ontology-Based Knowledge Management In The Steel Industry
ArcelorMittal is the world's number one steel company, with 330,000 employees in more th... more ArcelorMittal is the world's number one steel company, with 330,000 employees in more than 60 countries. The company is the product of the union of two of the world's leading steel companies, Mittal Steel and Arcelor. With industrial activity in 27 countries across Europe, ...
The web is a big showcase for tourism. Nowadays, many tourists plan their trips in advance using ... more The web is a big showcase for tourism. Nowadays, many tourists plan their trips in advance using the information available in web pages. Cities compete against each other to offer the most attractive and complete information and services through the tourism section of their web sites. This competition often leads to information-bloated and multimediarich web sites which resemble digital versions of printed brochures.
This paper introduces RIF Assembler, a tool that reuses knowledge to automatically construct rule... more This paper introduces RIF Assembler, a tool that reuses knowledge to automatically construct rule-based systems. Our novel approach is based on (a) annotating domain rules with metadata and (b) expressing assembly instructions as metarules that manipulate the annotations. We leverage the power of RIF as a rule interchange format, and of RDF and OWL as languages for rule annotations. RIF Assembler has applications in many scenarios. This paper presents two of them in increasing order of sophistication: a simplistic example related to the health care industry, and an actual usage in the steel industry that involves the construction of a decision-support system driven by business process descriptions.
The Semantic Web contains a number of knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule set... more The Semantic Web contains a number of knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule sets and RDF datasets. Effective exchange and management of these artifacts demands the use of metadata and prompt availability of accurate reference documentation. In this article, we analyze the current practices in metadata usage for OWL ontologies, and we propose a vocabulary for annotating RIF rules. We also introduce a software tool-Parrot-that exploits these annotations and produces reference documentation for combinations of ontologies and rules.
The Semantic Web contains a number of different knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RI... more The Semantic Web contains a number of different knowledge artifacts, including OWL ontologies, RIF rule sets and RDF datasets. Effective exchange and management of these artifacts demand the use of metadata and prompt availability of accurate reference documentation. In this paper, we analyze the current practices in metadata usage for OWL ontologies, and we propose a vocabulary for annotating RIF rules. We also introduce a software tool-Parrot-that exploits these annotations and produces reference documentation for combinations of ontologies and rules.
Analysing RDF data gathered from heterogeneous Semantic Web sources requires a previous step of c... more Analysing RDF data gathered from heterogeneous Semantic Web sources requires a previous step of consolidation in order to remove redundant instances (data smushing). Our aim is to explore and integrate smushing techniques to improve recall, i.e., to find as many redundant instances as possible. Two approaches to spot resources with the same identity are described: the first one is based on Logics, exploiting OWL inverse functional properties (IFP); the second one is based on traditional IR techniques, e.g., resource label comparison. We evaluate experimental results in the context of open source communities.
This paper proposes the application of the RDF framework to the representation of linguistic anno... more This paper proposes the application of the RDF framework to the representation of linguistic annotations. We argue that RDF is a suitable data model to capture multiple annotations on the same text segment, and to integrate multiple layers of annotations. As well as using RDF for this purpose, the main contribution of the paper is an OWL ontology, called TELIX (Text Encoding and Linguistic Information eXchange), which models annotation content. This ontology builds on the SKOS XL vocabulary, a W3C standard for representation of lexical entities as RDF graphs. We extend SKOS XL in order to capture lexical relations between words (e.g., synonymy), as well as to support word sense disambiguation, morphological features and syntactic analysis, among others. In addition, a formal mapping of feature structures to RDF graphs is defined, enabling complex composition of linguistic entities. Finally, the paper also suggests the use of RDFa as a convenient syntax that combines source texts and linguistic annotations in the same file.
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Papers by Luis Polo