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Leart Berdica

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Papers by Leart Berdica

The 30th Albanian Surgical Conference & the 7th Albanian Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Albanian journal of trauma and emergency surgery, Dec 2, 2023

Albanian Journal ofTrauma and Emergency Surgery is the official publication of Albanian Society f... more Albanian Journal ofTrauma and Emergency Surgery is the official publication of Albanian Society for Trauma and Emergency Surgery-ASTES Structure and format AJTES is an open access, peer-reviewed periodical journal that includes editorials, reviews, original articles, casereports, hort reports, ideas and opinions, book reviews, perspectives, seminars, symposium and minisymposium, ethics and rights, health care policy and management, practice guides. The structure of each edition of the publcation comprises section categories determined by Editor and reflects the views of the Editorial Board. Editorial expertise Guidance from Editorial Board consists of leading authorities from a variety and respective fields of medical science. Peer review accomplished by expert selected for their experience and knowledge of a specific topic.

Primary Cavernous hemangioma of the Thyroid Gland. A series of 4 cases and review of literature

PubMed, Dec 31, 2022

Cavernous hemangiomas can arise nearly anywhere in the body where there are blood vessels. The pr... more Cavernous hemangiomas can arise nearly anywhere in the body where there are blood vessels. The primary hemangioma of the thyroid gland is extremely rare, and only a few cases have been previously reported. The true incidence of cavernous hemangiomas is difficult to estimate because they are frequently misdiagnosed as other venous malformations. We will present 4 cases from the age of 38 to 72 years old, diagnosed with cavernous hemangiomas. All 4 cases are women and the diagnosis was established after total thyroidectomy by histopathological examination. They clinically present as asymptomatic cervical tumors, are occasionally fast-growing, especially if intratumoral bleeding is present. KEY WORDS: Cavernous Hemangioma, Thyroid, Pathology, Histology.

The diagnostic value of ultrasound and mammography in detection of breast cancer in Albania

International Journal of Public Health Science, Mar 1, 2023

Early detection of breast cancer is essential for improving patient survival. However, non-invasi... more Early detection of breast cancer is essential for improving patient survival. However, non-invasive imaging test have different diagnostic value. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of mammography and ultrasound to detect breast malignancy in Albania. The 234 patients suspected with breast lesions in Albania during 2018-2022 were subjected to both mammograph and ultrasound and then to core needle biopsy (CNB). The BI-RADS classification was used to evaluate breast lesions. The diagnostic value of ultrasound, mammography and their combination were assessed. Mean age of participants was 55.97 years (96.2% females). Ultrasound detected higher proportions of high-risk patients compared to mammography (79.1% vs. 52.6%, respectively) but the combination of the two increased this figure even further (88.9%). The sensitivity of mammography increased quickly with age, peaking to 93.2% among patients >60 years old, whereas ultrasound has better sensitivity among younger participants (<45 years and 45-60 years); overall, the combined tests had the highest sensitivity (95.1%), followed by ultrasound (87.4%) and mammography (59.3%). In conclusion, the sensitivity of mammography is best among older patients whereas ultrasound seems to be more accurate among younger patients. The combination of mammography and ultrasound seems to increase the diagnostic accuracy of breast tumors among Albanian patients.

Lung Cancer in Albania

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

Evaluation of ALK, EGFR and PD-L1 Mutations in Pulmonary Carcinomas through Immunohistochemistry

Albanian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Introduction: Lung cancer, with about 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths, is the second... more Introduction: Lung cancer, with about 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths, is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in 2020. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) now is used not only to diagnose and classify lung tumors into subtypes, but also to determine the eligibility of patients for different molecular-targeted therapies. Objectives : Study of ALK, EGFR and PD-L1 mutations in Pulmonary Carcinomas through immunohistochemistry examinations to help determine the prognosis and cases that may benefit from target therapy. Detection of possible links between ALK, EGFR, PD-L1 and other variables such as age, sex, histological entity and degree of tumor differentiation. Materials and Methodology: The study is retrospective and includes 266 patients diagnosed with lung cancer who underwent biopsy at the American Hospital in the period 2016-2020. Tissues obtained were subjected to IHC examination using antibodies against factors EGFR, ALK, PD-L1, e...

The Key Role of Splenectomy in Fever of unknown Origin which Resulted to be B-cell primary Splenic Lymphoma

Albanian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Background: The term ‘fever of unknown origin’ (FUO) was first introduced by Petersdorf and Beeso... more Background: The term ‘fever of unknown origin’ (FUO) was first introduced by Petersdorf and Beeson in 1961, and it is defined as recurrent fever >38.3°C, lasting for >3 weeks, remaining undiagnosed after 1 week of in-hospital evaluation. The etiologies of classic FUO include mainly infections, malignancies, non-infectious inflammatory diseases, and miscellaneous causes, while some cases remain undiagnosed. Primary splenic lymphoma (PSL) is a rare malignant lymphoma. In many cases, splenectomy is the treatment of choice for massive splenomegaly. Case presentation: A 54-year-old woman presented with a history of high fever up to 39°C, sweating, fatigue, and weight loss for one month. She had been treated by her family physician with antibiotics (cephalosporin) for 10 days but without improvement. On admission, the patient had palpable splenomegaly but no palpable lymphadenopathy. The patient had increased markers of inflammation. The indicators of autoimmune disease were all neg...

Scrotal Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV-negative Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Albanian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an indolent angio-proliferative tumor proliferation with... more Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an indolent angio-proliferative tumor proliferation with spindle cells originating from endothelial and immune cells infected with human herpes virus type 8. (HHV-8: also known as Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus [KSHV]). HHV-8 was identified as the causative agent of KS. This virus is present in 95-98% of cases with KS. Kaposi's sarcoma was first described by a Hungarian dermatologist 1872 named Moritz Kaposi.[1] The lesions are characterized by the proliferation of spindle cells of endothelial origin, which present different degrees of abnormal vascularization, inflammatory infiltrates, and fibrosis. Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is a malignancy that generally affects the skin, and can be systemic with internal organ involvement. It originates from the vascular endothelium. KS's relationship with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is well known. In this article, we will present a 73-year-old male patient with 3 purple scrotal lesio...

Kaposiform Hemangioendotelioma with Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome Treated With Propranolol and Vincristine

Aims: To demonstrate the efficacy of treatment with propranolol and vincristine in a case with ka... more Aims: To demonstrate the efficacy of treatment with propranolol and vincristine in a case with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and Kasabach-Merrit syndrome (KMS). Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective case report of a 5 month old girl admitted to our hospital because of a progressive purple, indurated large cutaneous lesion on her right upper anterior-posterior thoracic portion which extends toward neck. Laboratory evaluations showed thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy with a low fibrinogen and a high D-dimer plasma level. The clinical and laboratory investigations suggested the diagnosis of KHE with KMP. We started prednisone 4mg/kg/d and propranolol 1mg/kg/d and thereafter vincristine 0.05 mg/kg/P, once a week. Results : A dramatically clinical decrease of the lesion was seen during treatment with prednisone and propranolol but with very low platelet count and massive bleeding.Treatment with vincristine achieved a complete normalization of the platelet count. Neither regrowth ...

The 6th Albanian Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Albanian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

After a three-year quarantine from the deadliest global pandemic of the last century, ASTES is or... more After a three-year quarantine from the deadliest global pandemic of the last century, ASTES is organizing to gather all health professionals in Tirana, The 6th Albanian Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery(ACTES 2022) on 11-12 November 2022, with the topic Trauma & Emergency Surgery and not only...with the aim of providing high quality, the best standards, and the best results, for our patients ...ACTES 2022 is the largest event that ASTES (Albanian Society for Trauma and Emergency Surgery) has organized so far with 230 presentations, and 67 foreign lecturers with enviable geography, making it the largest national and wider scientific event.The scientific program is as strong as ever, thanks to the inclusiveness, where all the participants with a mix of foreign and local lecturers, select the best of the moment in medical science, innovation, and observation.The scientific committee has selected all the presentations so that the participants of each medical discipline will have ...

Cardiac hemangioma presenting as a primary cardiac tumor

Cardiac hemangiomas are very rare benign cardiac tumors. They can present at any age and clinical... more Cardiac hemangiomas are very rare benign cardiac tumors. They can present at any age and clinical presentation varies according to location and size. In our patient the tumor was located in the left atrium. Left atrial hemangiomas, especially those attached to the left atrium wall, may be mistakenly diagnosed as myxomas. Therefore, we report a rare case of a cardiac hemangioma diagnosed clinically as cardiac myxoma. The tumor was removed surgically for further microscopic examination.

Histo-morphological study of functional overload (Clinical experimental study)

Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 2018

Traumatic occlusion function is a continuous overload of dental system in chewing function which ... more Traumatic occlusion function is a continuous overload of dental system in chewing function which causes various damage in periodontal. This overload is visible not only in the full dental system, but also in the lack of teeth. Histo-morphological changes are noticed not only in the soft tissues but also in the periodontal and alveolar process with their atrophy. The aim of our study: is to investigate the Histo-morphological changes in the periodontal of experimental animals (guinea pig) comparing them to the morphological changes of the patients. Material and Methods: In this study we have investigated and treated 88 patients at the age of 20 – 70 for a period of more than 10 years. In our study, we have taken into consideration the causing factors and consequences of functional overload in the oral cavity. We have also studied the histo-morphological changes of functional overload in the experimental animals. Results and discussion: The main cause of functional overload of teeth i...

Combined use of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid in breast cancer patients might be more beneficial for reducing aromatase inhibitors-associated arthralgia

Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology, 2019

Dear Editor, Aromatase Inhibitor (AIs) are widely used in the adjuvant setting of hormone therapy... more Dear Editor, Aromatase Inhibitor (AIs) are widely used in the adjuvant setting of hormone therapy to improve the survival of postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Despite their beneficial effects on survival outcomes in breast cancer, AIs-induced arthralgia (AIA) is a common side effect which may lead to drug discontinuation and decreased AIs adherence among patients. Recently, a lot of studies concerning alternative treatment options in AIA have been performed to provide a good quality of life and to allow uneventful continuation of adjuvant hor¬mone therapy [1]. Shen and colleagues in their article evaluated omega-3 (O3) fatty acid (FA) use for obese breast cancer patients with AIA [2] and they found that O3-FA use was associated with significantly lower worst pain scores at 24 weeks compared with placebo among obese patients. Several studies have demonstrated that patients who have insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D are more likely to experience arthralgia during AIs therapy [3]. Taken all together, combined use of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid in breast cancer patients might be more beneficial for reducing AIA. 2. Shen S, Unger JM, Crew KD et al. Omega-3 fatty acid use for obese breast cancer patients with aromatase inhibitor-related arthralgia (SWOG S0927). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Aug 29.

Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to the Small Bowel GIST . Multimodal Assessment of the Patient on Emergency . Case report and review of literature

Address for correspondence: Arvit Llazani, Service of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Unive... more Address for correspondence: Arvit Llazani, Service of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, University Hospital “ Mother Teresa” , Tirana. E-mail: arvitllazani@gmail.com INTRODUCTION The term Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST) was originally used to describe all mesenchymal gastrointestinal tumours, as a collective term used to include tumours of neural and muscle origin. GISTs have an incidence of 15per million, more commonly occurring in middle-aged and older people with approximately equal sex distribution and having an overall 5-year survival of about 35%. The most commonly affected site is the stomach, followed by the small intestine, colon and rectum. A recent study on the epidemiology of GISTs including 1458 cases, demonstrated that these tumours commonly occur in those over the age of 40 year-old people. No cases were reported in individuals under the age of 20. GIST cells closely resemble the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), or gastroin...

How effective was broncoscopic biopsy during 2011 in Albania?

European Respiratory Journal, Sep 1, 2013

Distribution by age and sex,The most common histological type. Material and methods: retrospectiv... more Distribution by age and sex,The most common histological type. Material and methods: retrospective study. Parameters in the study are: distribution by age and sex, groupings according to histopatologic diagnosis.Statistical processing of the data is done with a simple comparative method. Results: For this period resulted in 395 bronchial biopsy in a total of 1105 biopsies.Broncoscopic biopsies, occupying 36% of the overall .The distribution of pathologies in bronchial biopsies was this:58%-tumors, 28%-inflammation, 6% inadequate material, 5% dysplasia and 3% normal.In consideration of tumor pathology such detection was observed a characterization: Squamous cell carcinoma 52.5% (42% well differentiated, 36% moderately differentiated and 22% poorly diferenttiated). Adenocarcinoma 22.5%, Small cell carcinoma-15%,Large cell carcinoma 6%. 4% other pathologies. Male female ratio was approximately 9:1 with a significant predomination in men. The mean a of tumor pathology resulted from 50-70 years old. Conclusion Bronchial biopsy plays an important role in the diagnosis of malignant pathologies. But in many cases, histopathological diagnosis is a challenge for pathologist and it is also related to insufficient material. The greater number of particles in tissue taken,increases diagnostic productivity.

Lymphoepithelioma-like Gastric Carcinoma (LELGC): A Case Report and Review of Literature

Lymphoepithelioma-like gastric carcinoma (LELGC), is a rare type of gastric cancer characterized... more Lymphoepithelioma-like gastric carcinoma (LELGC), is a rare type of gastric cancer characterized by a carcinoma with intense stromal lymphocytic infiltration. It is one of the histological patterns observed in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma. According to the World Health Organisation classification of tumors of digestive sysytem 2010, LELGC is a rare type of tubular carcinoma. Although this entity is hard to be recognized in the biopsy specimens, pathologists and clinicians should acknowledge this subset of gastric cancer because it generally has a better prognosis than other forms of EBV-associated gastric carcinomas and conventional gastric carcinomas. This might be due to the fact that the patient's inflammatory response may prevent the spread of tumor through the gastric wall and to the lymph nodes or remote organs.(21) In order to gain a detailed understanding of this rare disease, we reviewed the literature and report here a recent cas...

Highlights From the Conceptual Design Report of the Soft X-Ray Laser at MAX IV

The SXL (Soft X-ray Laser) project developed a conceptual design for a soft X-ray Free Electron L... more The SXL (Soft X-ray Laser) project developed a conceptual design for a soft X-ray Free Electron Laser in the 1–5 nm wavelength range, driven by the existing MAX IV 3 GeV linac. In this contribution we will focus on the FEL operation modes developed for the first phase of the project based on two different linac modes. The design work was supported by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation and by several Swedish universities and organizations (Stockholm, Uppsala, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm-Uppsala FEL center, MAX IV laboratory and Lund University).

Coherent Transition Radiation Spatial Imaging as a Bunch Length Monitor

High-resolution bunch length measurement is a key component in the optimisation of beam quality i... more High-resolution bunch length measurement is a key component in the optimisation of beam quality in FELs, storage rings, and plasma-based accelerators. Simulations have shown that the profile of a coherent transition radiation (CTR) image produced by a charged particle beam is sensitive to bunch length and can thus be used as a diagnostic. This contribution presents the development progress of a novel bunch length monitor based on imaging the spatial distribution of CTR. Due to the bunch lengths studied, 10fs-100fs FWHM, the radiation of interest was in the THz range. This led to the development of a THz imaging system, which can be applied to both high and low energy electron beams. The associated benefits of this imaging distribution methodology over the typical angular distribution measurement are discussed. Building upon preliminary multi-shot proof of concept results last year, a new series of experiments have been conducted in the short pulse facility (SPF) at MAX IV. Single-sh...

Simulations and Measurements of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation at the MAX-IV Short Pulse Facility

The Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) interaction is a source of unwanted correlated energy sp... more The Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) interaction is a source of unwanted correlated energy spread in short-bunch Free-Electron Lasers (FEL), diluting the desired FEL spectrum and reducing the total brightness of the light source. Many accelerator codes make use of 1-dimensional approximations in the calculation of the CSR-wake, which breaks down for bunch dimensions typical within bunch compressor dipoles in FELs. General Particle Tracer simulations of the CSR interaction make use of the 3-dimensional bunch distribution, making it advantageous in modelling the short-bunch, high aspect ratio regimes typical of modern 4th-generation light sources. Measurements of THz CSR emitted from the final bunch compressor dipole of the SP02 beamline at the MAX-IV Short Pulse Facility (SPF) were used, alongside start-to-end GPT and Elegant simulations, to characterize coherent radiation emission across a broad range of bunch lengths.

Pyroelectric Detection of Coherent Radiation on the CLARA Phase 1 Beamline

The impacts of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) and space charge in the bunch compressor sect... more The impacts of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) and space charge in the bunch compressor section of the CLARA Free Electron Laser (FEL) are expected to be significant, given the relatively high charge and short bunch lengths expected. The General Particle Tracer (GPT) code allows for the modelling of these effects in tandem, presenting an opportunity to more reliably estimate their effects on the CLARA beam. To provide confidence in future studies using GPT, a benchmarking study on the CLARA Phase 1 beamline is presented alongside relevant simulations. This study will make use of pyroelectric detectors to measure the emitted coherent power of the CLARA beam as it passes through a dispersive section whilst varying the chirp imparted on the bunches longitudinal phase space (LPS). Simulations presented demonstrate the viability of such a study, with energies between ∼ 10-100 nJ per pulse expected to be incident upon the detector face.

Tactile Collider : Accelerator Outreach to Visually Impaired Audiences

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has attracted significant attention from the general public. The ... more The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has attracted significant attention from the general public. The science of the LHC and Higgs Boson is primarily communicated to school children and the wider public using visual methods. As a result, people with visual impairment (VI) often have difficulty accessing scientific communications and may be culturally excluded from news of scientific progress. Tactile Collider is a multi-sensory experience that aims to communicate particle accelerator science in a way that is inclusive of audiences with VI. These experiences are delivered as a 2-hour event that has been touring the UK since 2017. In this article we present the methods and training that have been used in implementing Tactile Collider as a model for engaging children and adults with science. The event has been developed alongside experts that specialise in making learning accessible to people with VI.