Papers by LESLIE BROMWELL
Mechanical Properties of Lunar Soil: Density, Cohesion, and Angle of Internal Friction
Strength and compressibility of returned lunar soil
ABSTRACT
Science, 1971
A physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biolog analysis of 43 kilograms of lunar rocks and fi: T... more A physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biolog analysis of 43 kilograms of lunar rocks and fi: The Lunar Sample Preliminary Examination Team The surface of the moon can be divided into the dark mare areas and the bright highland regions. The mare regions cover about one-third of the near side of the moon and make up a small fraction of the far side. These mare areas are recognized as the areas of most recent widespread rock formation on the lunar surface. The first three groups of samples returned from the moon to earth, that is, the samples from the Apollo 11, Apollo 12, jand Luna 16 missions, all come from typical mare regions. Detailed chemical and petrographic studies of the samples from the three widely separated mare regions show that the dark regions of the moon are probably underlain by basaltic rocks that are iron-rich and sodium-poor (relative to similar terrestrial rocks). Absolute ages determined for basaltic rocks from the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 sites and crater densities on nearby mare surfaces suggest that the final filling of most mare basins took place between 3.0 X 109 and 4.0 X 109 years ago. The stratigraphic and petrographic studies of the mare samples lead to two general inferences regarding the moon: (i) that the internal temperatures of at least parts of the moon reached the melting point of basalt less than 1 x 109 years after the formation of the moon, and (ii) that the evolution of
Scour and Erosion, 2010
This paper presents calculated wave heights and predicted erosion of upstream earth dam slopes at... more This paper presents calculated wave heights and predicted erosion of upstream earth dam slopes at the L-8 Reservoir during Hurricane Jeanne in September 2004. The predictions are compared with actual measurements of slopes erosion following the hurricane. The methodology used in this study includes application of the USACE (2006) Coastal Engineering Manual method for wave run-up and overtopping computation, the SWAN wave model, and the SBEACH erosion model. During Hurricane Jeanne, the north interior slopes of the perimeter dam experienced significant erosion due to wave action. Using hurricane parameters from NOAA, the SBEACH model was used to predict the final configuration of the eroded slopes. By comparing the predicted slope configuration to photographs taken following the hurricane, it was seen that the model output closely resembled the actual damaged slope profile. This comparison provided a calibration of the SBEACH model that was then used to design the final reservoir slopes and to detennine recommended operating levels prior to the passage of future hurricanes. The analytical modeling tools used for the L-8 Reservoir study have recently been extended to an analysis of placing expendable soil over stair-step soil cement armoring on an upstream dam slope. The purpose of expendable soil is to allow small animal ingress and egress from the water reservoir.
Discussion of “Direct-Shear Test for Effective-Strength Parameters”
Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division
Closure to “Behavior of Returned Lunar Soil in Vacuum”
Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division
Wall plate with gasbetonkerne
Adsorption and Friction Behavior of Minerals in Vacuum
: The report presents theoretical considerations on the adsorption and friction behavior of soils... more : The report presents theoretical considerations on the adsorption and friction behavior of soils under high vacuum and extreme temperature conditions. It includes an extensive literature survey, particularly in the fields of surface chemistry and physics, adsorption, and friction. The importance of using clean, reproducible surfaces for surface studies is demonstrated. The necessity of clean ultrahigh vacuum test conditions for producing and maintaining clean surfaces is emphasized. The relationship between atomic forces and surface energy and the friction and adhesion between solid surfaces is discussed. A theoretical relationship between adsorption energy and the temperature and pressure required to remove adsorbed layers is derived. The frictional behavior of quartz is considered in detail. It is concluded that significant increases in the coefficient of friction, and thereby the shear strength, of particular mineral systems will result if adsorbed contaminants are removed. Howe...
Wall plate with porous concrete containing nuclear
Planning for Phosphate Land Reclamation
Consolidation of Mining Wastes
This paper describes laboratory and field tests for determining consolidation properties of soft ... more This paper describes laboratory and field tests for determining consolidation properties of soft sediments, presents data on several types of mining wastes, and presents the results of several case studies utilizing measured parameters and finite strain consolidation theory to predict field consolidation performance. Applications for improved waste disposal and land reclamation are described.
Wallboard plate comprising a core of aerated concrete
Plate wallboard or backerboard sheet (30, 60) comprising a core (40, 70) of concrete autoclaved a... more Plate wallboard or backerboard sheet (30, 60) comprising a core (40, 70) of concrete autoclaved aerated having a first and a second opposite major surface (40a, 40b, 70a, 70b), and at least one face layer (42a, 42b, 72a, 72b) in at least one of said major surfaces of the core, characterized in that at least said face layer is a layer of paper face (42a, 42b, 72a, 72b).
Waste Clay Dewatering and Disposal
Adsorption and Friction Behavior of Minerals
This report presents theoretical considerations on the adsorption and friction behavior of soils ... more This report presents theoretical considerations on the adsorption and friction behavior of soils under high vacuum and extreme temperature conditions, it includes an extensive literature survey, particularly in the fields of surface chemistry and physics, adsorption, and friction. The importance of using clean, reproducible surfaces for surface studies is demonstrated. The necessity of clean ultrahigh vacuum test conditions for producing and maintaining clean surfaces is emphasized. The relationship between atomic forces and surface energy and the friction and adhesion between solid surfaces is discussed. A theoretical relationship between adsorption energy and the temperature and pressure required to remove adsorbed layers is derived. The frictional behavior of quartz is considered in detail. It is concluded that significant increases in the coefficient of friction, and thereby the shdar strength, of particulate mineral systems will vesult if adsorbed contaminants are removed. Howe...
Plaque d'appui comprenant un coeur de beton aere
Une plaque de planche d'appui destinee aux zones humides comprend un coeur definissant une pr... more Une plaque de planche d'appui destinee aux zones humides comprend un coeur definissant une premiere et une seconde surface majeure, au moins une couche de facade resistant a l'humidite sur l'une au moins de la premiere ou de la seconde surface majeure du coeur, lequel coeur comporte du beton aere. L'utilisation d'un beton aere pour le coeur apporte de nombreux avantages cles par rapport aux plaques de planche d'appui conventionnelles telles que les tableaux verts en plâtre ou les planches d'appui en ciment. La couche de facade resistant a l'humidite peut comporter des fibres agencees en reseau de mailles. Les fibres peuvent comporter du verre, du plastique ou du metal. En outre, la couche de facade resistant a l'humidite peut comporter en plus un materiau resistant a l'humidite et incorporant les fibres, notamment une resine appropriee. La couche de facade resistant a l'humidite peut comporter une premiere et une seconde couche de surface ...
Highway Research Record, 1968
LABORATORY VALUES OF THE COEFFICIENT OF CONSOLIDATION FOR SWELLING FOR BOSTON BLUE CLAY ARE COMPA... more LABORATORY VALUES OF THE COEFFICIENT OF CONSOLIDATION FOR SWELLING FOR BOSTON BLUE CLAY ARE COMPARED WITH THE VALUE BACK-FIGURED FROM PIEZOMETER OBSERVATIONS AT A LARGE BUILDING EXCAVATION. THE FIELD VALUE IS SHOWN TO BE SIX TIMES LARGER THAN THE AVERAGE LABORATORY VALUE. POSSIBLE REASONS FOR THE LARGE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN THE LABORATORY AND FIELD VALUES ARE SAMPLE DISTURBANCE, ERRORS IN LABORATORY TEST PROCEDURES, ERRORS IN FIELD MEASUREMENT, AND THREE- DIMENSIONAL CONSOLIDATION EFFECTS. OF THESE FOUR ITEMS, ERRORS IN LABORATORY TEST PROCEDURES, PARTICULARLY THE DIFFICULTY OF MEASURING THE COEFFICIENT OF CONSOLIDATION FOR SWELLING FROM OEDOMETER TESTS, CAN CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO THE DISCREPANCY. IN ADDITION, IT IS SHOWN THAT THREE- DIMENSIONAL CONSOLIDATION EFFECTS CAN ACCOUNT FOR THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LABORATORY AND FIELD VALUES. /AUTHOR/
Logan Airport Re-Visited
The first detailed evaluation of self-weight consolidation of a large hydraulic clay fill was per... more The first detailed evaluation of self-weight consolidation of a large hydraulic clay fill was performed during the construction of Logan Airport in Boston nearly 40 years ago. The paper re-analyzes settlement of the fill by means of finite strain consolidation theory coupled with correlation relationships for compressibility and permeability. These new techniques allow a designer to quickly evaluate possible deposition alternatives; in particular, to consider the effect of filling rate.
Wall plate with gasbeton containing core
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Papers by LESLIE BROMWELL