Papers by Kazi Suleman Memon
Biosaline agriculture: Potential and prospects in Pakistan with special reference to Sindh [Pakistan]
Labour protection problems in Ukraine, 2019
The aim of this study was to assess the solubility of phosphorus from rock phosphate incubated wi... more The aim of this study was to assess the solubility of phosphorus from rock phosphate incubated with farmyard manure under laboratory condition. The treatments were factorial combination of three rates each of RP (0, 2, and 4 tons ha-1) and farm yard manure (0, 10 and 20 tons ha-1). These treatments were applied to 100 g soil contained in plastic vials with three replications. Seven such sets of 27 vials each were prepared to represent seven incubation periods namely 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days. The results showed that Olsen -P improved significantly with increasing rate of rock phosphate from 0 to 4 tons ha-1 and that of farmyard manure from 0 to 20 tons ha-1. Initial available P content of soil was 4.59 mg kg-1 which enhanced up to 10.55 mg kg-1 as a result of 90 days incubation. Addition of rock phosphate and farmyard manure increased it to maximum value of 23.03 mg kg-1 with incorporation of rock phosphate at 4 tons ha-1 and farmyard manure at 20 tons ha-1. Thus, positive...
The role of phosphorus in nitrogen fixation in upland crops
... Ogata S, Adu-Gyamfi J. Fujita K (1988) Effects of phosphorus and pH on dry matter production,... more ... Ogata S, Adu-Gyamfi J. Fujita K (1988) Effects of phosphorus and pH on dry matter production, dinitrogen fixation and critical phosphorus ... Smith SE, Nicholas DJD, Smith FA (1979) The effect of early mycorrhizal infection on nodulation and nitrogen fixation in Trifolium ...
Integrated use of spent wash and mineral fertilizers on germination and initial growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Soil in the Environment, 2015
Micronutrients accumulation in effluent irrigated soils of the Korangi Industrial Area, Karachi-Sindh
International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2005
Indian journal of science and technology, 2021
Background/Objectives: Recycling banana residue in the form of compost presents good potential fo... more Background/Objectives: Recycling banana residue in the form of compost presents good potential for carbon sequestration and improved nutrient supply. The main objectives of the study were to formulate a banana residuebased product and determine its impact on maize growth, nutrition and soil properties. Methods: Selected compost products (0+100, 50+50, 60+40 and 70+30 banana residue and farmyard manure) designated as CP-1, CP-2, CP-3, and CP-4) and four fertilizer rates (0,1/3 rd 2/3 rd and Full NP) were placed in a randomized complete block design with three replications, using maize as a test crop. Standard procedures were used for compost, soil and plant analysis. Total organic C and N in compost were analyzed on CHNS Analyzer and P and K by acid (1:5 HClO 4-HNO 3) digestion, followed by quantification, correspondingly using spectrophotometry and emission spectroscopy. Findings: The banana residue had higher N (1.51%) and K (3.10%) than farmyard manure (1.24% and 0.9%) but it had relatively more P (0.5%) than banana residue (0.24%), The N (1.57-1.71%) and K (1.10-3.10%) contents of the compost products increased with the decrease in the quantity of farmyard manure and increase in banana residue, while, P decreased under the same scenario. Maize plants grew healthier with compost products or fertilizer treatments. This was reflected in the increase in mean shoot dry weights by 38.4% over control. Shoot N increased from 1.50-3.36%, P 0.29-0.51% and K 0.74-1.06% receiving compost products and NP fertilizers. There was no effect of compost products on EC or pH of soil. The soil organic matter (0.9-1.70%), and Olsen P (7.70-13.23 mg kg-1) almost doubled, while, NH 4 OAc-K (240-307 mg kg-1) also increased by 30%. The co-composting of banana residue with farmyard manure narrowed the C: N ratio over individual materials, increased the nutrient concentration and growth of maize and enhanced the efficiency of NP fertilizer and increased the fertility of the soil. Based on physical appearance and properties, four compost products CP-1, CP-2, CP-3 equally. This study showed that banana residue could be beneficially composted with farmyard manure for improved yield and nutrition of maize. It is proposed that compost products should be evaluated under a natural soil environment. Novelty/Applications: Co-composting of banana residue with farmyard manure is a new aspect of preparing compost products. A mixed blend of both materials, in the form of compost products, consisted of significant quantities of major nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Heavy-Metal Phytoextraction Potential of Spinach and Mustard Grown in Contaminated Calcareous Soils
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2013
ABSTRACT Laboratory batch and greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to determine the extracti... more ABSTRACT Laboratory batch and greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to determine the extraction efficiency of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for solubilizing lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and to explore the natural and chemically induced Pb and Cd phytoextraction efficiencies of spinach and mustard after EDTA application. The EDTA was applied at 0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mM kg−1 soil in three replicates. Addition of EDTA increased significantly the soluble fraction Pb and Cd over the control and maximum increases for Pb (1.42- and 1.96-fold) and Cd (1.45- and 1.38-fold) were observed with the addition of 5.0 mM EDTA kg−1 in Gujranwala and Pacca soils, respectively. Similarly, addition of EDTA increased significantly the Pb and Cd concentrations in the plant shoots, soil solution, bioconcentration factor, and phytoextraction rate. Mustard exhibited better results than spinach when extracting Pb and Cd from both contaminated soils.
This study was conducted to assess the micronutrient status of soils and associated plant tissues... more This study was conducted to assess the micronutrient status of soils and associated plant tissues in major tomato growing areas of Taluka Badin, Sindh. Composite soil and plant (3 rd leaf from top) samples were collected from 32 major growing areas of Taluka Badin and analyzed for copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and boron (B) along with selected physico-chemical properties of soils. Majority of the soils were clayey in texture (81%), non-saline (80%), alkaline and poor in organic matter. All soils were adequate in AB-DTPA extractable Cu (>0.5 mg kg-1), Fe (>4 mg kg-1), and Mn (>1.8 mg kg-1) contents. Whereas AB-DTPA extractable soil Zn and hot-water soluble B values varied in a different way. Sixty six percent soils were low (<1.0 mg kg-1), 28% marginal (1.0-1.5 mg kg-1), and only 6% were adequate (>1.5 mg kg-1) in soil Zn. Ninety one percent samples were low (<0.5 mg kg-1) and only 9% were adequate (>1.0 mg kg-1) with regard to B. The data regarding plant analysis depicted that all samples were high in Fe (> 200 mg kg-1), whereas Cu was high (> 20 mg kg-1) in 19% samples and sufficient (5-20 mg kg-1) in 81% samples. Manganese was sufficient (40-250 mg kg-1) in 94% samples and low (30-39 mg kg-1) in 6% samples. Plant Zn analysis showed that 53% samples were high (>50), 22% samples sufficient (20-50 mg kg-1) and 25% low (18-19 mg kg-1) in Zn supply. Plant analysis of B showed that 59% samples were low (20-24 mg kg-1) and 41% were sufficient (25-60 mg kg-1). The relationship between soil and plant nutrient status was highly significant with "R 2 " value ranging from 0.57-0.81. It is concluded that micronutrients fertilization along with organic manures may be included in fertilization program. Further research may be conducted on wide range sampling strategy of study area.
Journal of Scientific Research, 2013
Industrial effluents mixed water used for irrigation in vegetable growing area was tested for its... more Industrial effluents mixed water used for irrigation in vegetable growing area was tested for its heavy metal contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Sixteen water samples from different industrial outlets were collected and analyzed for different physical and chemical parameters such as temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids and heavy metals, in the year 2011. The results showed Cu to be in the range of 0.102-0.260, Co 0.021-0.195, Fe 0.191-0.330, Pb 0.117-0.330, Cr 0.024-0.121, Mn 0.053-0.234, Zn 0.090-0.165 and Ni as 0.019-0.074 ppm. The overall metal concentration in the studied samples was in the order of Fe>Pb>Cu>Mn>Co>Zn>Cr>Ni (p < 0.05). pH was in the range of 3.1-8.7 and electrical conductivity was 325 to 1515 ms/cm. As all values were found to be increasing towards pollution limits, industrial effluents need a continuous monitoring and proper management before their discharge in order to reduce the future hazard...
Acta Horticulturae, 2017
Proper mango nutrition at bud initiation, flowering and fruiting stages is critical for the healt... more Proper mango nutrition at bud initiation, flowering and fruiting stages is critical for the health of mango trees and may affect the quality and yield of fruit. This study evaluates the nutrient composition in leaf tissue of 'Sindhri' mango orchards in Shaheed Benazirabad district, Sindh, Pakistan, at two growth stages. Two orchards, 25-30 years old, were selected for the experiment. Leaf-tissue samples were collected from 12 mango trees from each orchard twice a year, once at bud initiation during December and then after harvest of mango during July in the following year. About 20-30 recently matured leaves (third leaf from the top) were collected from each tree to represent the canopy and combined into a single sample. Soil samples were also collected from around each tree and underneath the canopy at 0-30 cm soil depth and combined for each tree. The soil samples were analysed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter, Kjeldahl's N and ABDTPA-P and K contents. The leaf samples were analysed for Kjeldahl's N, and P and K by wet digestion with a nitric acid/perchloric acid (5:1) mixture. This study on NPK nutrition status of 'Sindhri' mango indicated that the N fertilization regime conducted by the mango growers at both sites was adequate for mango nutrition, while P and K nutrition required adjustments to meet mango nutrition requirements. Inherent fertility status also had a bearing on the mango nutrition status, particularly in the after-harvest samples. It is proposed to design further studies focusing not only on NPK but also on micronutrients, particularly B and Zn, which are reported to be deficient in many soils of Sindh province.
Sulphur is an essential nutrient required for growth and development of plants. It increases the ... more Sulphur is an essential nutrient required for growth and development of plants. It increases the yield and quality of produce. As a constituent of three amino acids, cysteine, cystine and methionine, it plays a vital role in chlorophyll synthesis and is also required for enzyme activation. Studies related to sulphur contents of mango in Sindh, Pakistan, are not on the record. This study was carried out with the main aims of generating a baseline of soil and 'Sindhri' mango leaf sulphur contents and determining the relationship between them. Soil and leaf tissue samples were collected from 25- to 30-year-old 'Sindhri' mango orchards in the districts Mirpurkhas, Naushahroferoze, Shaheed Benazir Abad, Sanghar and Umerkot, Sindh province, during December 2012. Twenty-five recently matured leaves (third leaf from the top) were collected from fruiting branches of each tree and combined. Available sulphur in soil was extracted by using 0.001 M CaCl2 (1:2 soil/CaCl2) and lea...
Soil in the Environment, 2013
The availability of soluble P fertilizers at affordable prices has become a myth in Pakistan. One... more The availability of soluble P fertilizers at affordable prices has become a myth in Pakistan. One alternative under consideration is the use of locally available rock phosphate (RP) which requires dissolution of P from apatite before its use. The main aim of this study was to assess the availability of P from RP amended with farm manure (FM). Locally available rock phosphate and single superphosphate (SSP) as P2O5 were applied at 0+100, 25+75, 50+50, 75+25 and 100+0 %, respectively, with and without farm manure (10 tons ha -1 ) in addition to the treatment receiving recommended rate of N and K at 150 and 60 kg ha -1 in the form of urea and sulphate of potash, respectively. Farm manure application had a significant positive effect on plant growth, yield, P in leaf tissue and uptake of maize in all the treatments. The treatment receiving 25+75% RP and SSP along with 10 tons ha -1 FM produced maximum shoot dry matter yield (30 g pot -1 ), P content (0.31%) and uptake (0.10 g pot -1 ) f...
Major area under banana cultivation in Pakistan consists of a single cultivar "Dwarf Cavendi... more Major area under banana cultivation in Pakistan consists of a single cultivar "Dwarf Cavendish" called "Basrai". Quality of banana relies on the available nutrients in soil. Under poor fertility and organic matter scenario coupled with high requirement of banana, this study evaluated the combined effect of organic (farm manure and composted pressmud) and inorganic (NPK) sources of nutrients on nutrient composition of locally grown banana. Application of full NPK (500-250500 kg ha) increased the fruit P (0.08-0.12%), K (0.77-1.50%) and Zn (1.74-2.17 mg kg) over full N and the respective values further increased to 0.14 and 0.22%, 2.28 and 1.79% and 2.42 and 2.21% with farm manure and composted pressmud additions. Moreover, there was a non-significant increase in N and significant one in Cu and Fe. There was no additional benefit of 1.25 NP. In fact, the higher rates i.e. full NPK and 1.25 NP reduced the micronutrient contents of fruit due to dilution effect. Howev...
Integrated nutrient management for better growth and yield of banana under Southern Sindh climate of Pakistan
Effect of sugar industry spentwash (diluted) on the characteristics of soil and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) growth in the subtropical environment of Sindh, Pakistan
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2017
Spentwash is a rich source of organic matter and essential plant nutrients in addition to excess ... more Spentwash is a rich source of organic matter and essential plant nutrients in addition to excess salts. Sugar mills in Pakistan discharge about 3.48 million tons of spentwash annually, with no proper procedures for its disposal or utilization. To test the effect of diluted spentwash on soil and the soil&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s ability to support plant growth, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) variety CPF-237 was planted. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design involving factorial combination of four concentrations of each spentwash (0, 10, 20, and 30%) and mineral fertilizers (0, 1/3, 2/3, and the full recommended rate of NP). The 10% spentwash plus 2/3 mineral fertilizer treatment substituted 33% each of N and P and 100% of K, saving mineral fertilizer cost (Rs. 48600 ∼ US$458) in addition to 29.54% increase in yield over full NP fertilizer. The same treatment also improved the soil organic matter (65%), N (20%), P (25%), and K (230%) over full NP treatment alone. An increase in the salt content of the soil was detected within the prescribed limits, with the exception of HCO3.
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 1999
The phosphorus requirements of cereal crops with emphasis on the tropics
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1982. Bibliography: leaves 169-177. Microfiche. x... more Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1982. Bibliography: leaves 169-177. Microfiche. xvi, 177 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
Changes in mineral composition and bioavailable potassium under long-term fertilizer use in cotton-wheat system
Changes in soil bioavailable potassium (K) and mineral composition determines long-term sustainab... more Changes in soil bioavailable potassium (K) and mineral composition determines long-term sustainability of a cropping system. After 5-year fertilizer treatments to cotton-wheat rotation, changes in soil mineralogy and the K- availability indices were investigated to help devise optimum fertilization plan. The soil contained mica, quartz, and feldspars in the sand and silt fractions; mica and kaolinite with small amount of quartz, smectite and vermiculite in the coarse clay; and mainly smectite and some vermiculite and mica in the fine clay fraction as determined by X-ray diffraction and total K and Ca/Mg and K/NH4 CEC properties. The sand and silt from AB (14-27 cm) horizon of NPK treatment had stronger mica peak than that of NP. Treatment effect on mica in Ap (0- 14 cm) and Bwk (27-43 cm) horizons was limited probably due to sedimentation of fresh minerals entering the field with canal irrigation and less root activity in Bwk horizon. Boiling HNO3-extractable K varied from 196 to 43...
Influence of the Source and Rate of Nitrogenous Fertilizer and Irrigation Depth on Fertilizer N-Recovery and Grain Yield of Wheat
A field experiment was conducted on wheat (cv. TJ-83) to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) s... more A field experiment was conducted on wheat (cv. TJ-83) to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) source (urea and ammonium nitrate), N rate (0, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1) and irrigation depth (5, 7.5 and 10 cm) on N-recovery and grain yield of wheat. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design, with irrigation as a major split. All the treatments received basal application of 90 kg P2O5 and 60 kg K2O per hectare. The soil was a Miani series with 45% clay in surface soil, alkaline (pH 7.9) and calcareous (lime 7.7%) in nature. Organic matter and mineral N contents of the surface soil were 0.65% and 26 mg kg-1, respectively. The data showed that wheat growth and yield were maximum at 100 kg N ha-1 for each source of N. Further increase in N rate did not significantly influence the yield. The growth parameters showed non-significant influence in case of depth of irrigation, except the number of productive tillers per plant. The interaction between N and irrigation depth was als...
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Papers by Kazi Suleman Memon