Kamal Barik

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Papers by Kamal Barik

Satellite-Based Characterization of Phytoplankton Blooms in Coastal Waters of the Northwestern Bay of Bengal

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing

Erratum for “Attribution of Hydrologic Changes in a Tropical River Basin to Rainfall Variability and Land-Use Change: Case Study from India” by S. Setti, R. Maheswaran, D. Radha, V. Sridhar, K. K. Barik, and M. L. Narasimham

Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2021

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Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone in Baliguda Block of Kandhamal District, Odisha using Geospatial Technology Approach

International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS, 2017

Assessment of groundwater potential zones is extremely important for protection of water quality ... more Assessment of groundwater potential zones is extremely important for protection of water quality and management of groundwater systems. Groundwater Potential Zones (GPZ) are demarcated with the help of geospatial techniques. The parameters, considered for identifying the GPZ such as geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, lineament density, rainfall, soil and landuse and land cover (LULC) are generated using satellite data and toposheet. Later, they are integrated with each other applying weighted overlay in ArcGIS. Suitable ranks are assigned for each category of these parameters. For various geomorphic units, weight factors are decided based on their capability to store groundwater. This procedure is repeated for all other layers and resultant layers are reclassified. The groundwater potential zones are classified into three categories like Poor, Good and Excellent. The use of aforesaid methodology is demonstrated in a selected study area in Baliguda block of Kandhamal district in Odisha.

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A scientific basis for fish mass mortality and jellyfish beach stranding in relation to cyclone yaas

Journal of Coastal Conservation

Assessment of Phytodiversity of A Grassland Community of Mayurbhanj District in Odisha, India

undertaken to study the phytodiversity of a grassland community of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha.... more

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Shaping Smart City transportation with Traffic Congestion Solutions: Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology

Transportation and connectivity are of the most domineering aspects of developing cities and is n... more Transportation and connectivity are of the most domineering aspects of developing cities and is necessary for ensuring the growth of urban areas. The perplexing, perpetual and complex concerns in present cosmopolis are sluggish traffic movement and jamming. In India, due to rapid increase in population along with urbanization and improved living condition, the vehicular population have increased massively. Traffic congestions has become a major problem at intersections. The main objective of this project is to analyse traffic problems at a suitable intersection and suggesting an alternate solution. In this study, we have taken two main intersections, one at Kalinga Hospital Square junction and another at Damana Square junction. After analysing and comparing peak values of two intersections, junction with highest peak value is of first choice. According to IRC: SP: 90-2010, manual for grade separators and elevated structures the maximum volume a rotary can handle is specified as 5000...

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The Failed Resilience, Grim Water Future, and Salinity Intrusion through GIS of Kendrapara Coast, Odisha

Salinity intrusion to groundwater has turned it brackish, and has polluted the coastal aquifers. ... more Salinity intrusion to groundwater has turned it brackish, and has polluted the coastal aquifers. It is common in coastal tracks. The ground water of Kendrapara district of Odisha, India has turned brackish and unfit for drinking, agriculture and industrial uses. The coastal buffer zone (0-15km) of the district is thickly populated, hotspot for biodiversity, numbers of creeks and safe hatchery for crocodiles, Olive Ridley tortoise and mangroves. The over exploited fresh water aquifers without recharging have caused salinity intrusion from adjacent Bay of Bengal. The water in aquifers has turned brackish and fresh water ground water has depleted down more than 600m near the coastal zone. The present research is on chemical characteristics of the ground water aquifers through laboratory methods. The recommended ratio’s like Na+ / Cl , Mg+ / Ca+ , and Cl / HCO3 to learn the extent of propagation of sea water through subsoil to inland buffer zone to ascertain depth, vertical and horizont...

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Geospatial Effect on the Mining Operation in Joda/Barbil Area of Odisha, India

The study aims to investigate the Geospatial effect on the extraction operation in Joda and Barbi... more The study aims to investigate the Geospatial effect on the extraction operation in Joda and Barbil mining areas of Keonjhar district, Odisha, India. Present work involves the topography, soil, climate, and stratigraphy investigation of the area. The acquisition of Landsat 8 TIRS (Thermal Infrared), Landsat 5 TM (Thematic Mapper), and CARTOSAT DEM data of temporal and spatial satellite images from various websites. ARC GIS and ERDAS IMAGINE 9.2 software used to find the land use and land cover images (accuracy average 90%). Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Surface air Temperature (SAT) of Barbil area for 2003, 2007, 2017 and 2018 have been estimated. Comparison of the results have shown that, there is increase in built up, and mining areas whereas the agricultural land and vegetation cover are down scaled. There is constant average SAT rise of 1-2°C in all the land cover classification between 2007 and 2018. The NDVI values show conversion of sparse from dense vegetation in the area. Poor operational strategies in mines operation, like corruption, illegal mining, lack of accountability, overburden wastes/ trailing disposal, ecologic degradation, waterlogging in mine pits, and human rights violations are the root causes of environmental deterioration of the study area. It is pertinent to implement strictly, the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, India, 2021, regular GIS application to assess the mines volume of extraction, strict vigilance and fixation of accountability for losses of existing mines values, and afforestation/ reforestation of degraded/lost forests in Barbil area.

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Investigating the impact of calibration timescales on streamflow simulation, parameter sensitivity and model performance for Indian catchments

Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2022

Hydrological model calibration is a quintessential step in model development and the time scale o... more Hydrological model calibration is a quintessential step in model development and the time scale of calibration depends on the application. However, the implications of choice of time scale of calibration have not been explored extensively. Here, we evaluate the effect of the timescale of calibration on model sensitivity, best parameter ranges, and predictive uncertainty for three river basins using the SWAT model. Multiple models were setup for three different catchments from southern India. Our results showed that the sensitivity of the parameters, best parameter ranges, and model performance is conditioned on the timescale of calibration. The models calibrated at coarser time scales marginally outperformed the models calibrated at fine time scale in terms of Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency and percentage bias. Transfer of parameters across scales (both from coarse to fine and fine to coarse) have general tendency to worsen the model performance in all three catchments, leaving for few exceptions.

Spatial Greening Pattern Estimation of Himachal Pradesh , India Using IRSP 6 AWiFS Seasonal Data

The complexity and inaccessibility of many regions of the mountain state of Himachal Pradesh crea... more The complexity and inaccessibility of many regions of the mountain state of Himachal Pradesh create difficulties to manually measure land cover in terms of vegetation. In this sense, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and transformed vegetation index (TVI) which are directly related to percentage ground cover, total green biomass, leaf area index and the photosynthetic activity, are based on the reflective properties of vegetation. The objective of this study was to use the remote sensing derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and transformed vegetation index (TVI)) for the spatial estimation of the seasonal greening pattern of the State of Himachal Pradesh. Satellite imagery sets (IRS P6 AWiFS multi-spectral) were used to estimate NDVI, SAVI and TVI for the three months period. The seasonal phenological cycle in the study area of the State was clearly visible from the analysi...

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Statistical Assessment of Long-term Shoreline Changes along the Odisha Coast

Odisha, a coastal state on eastern seaboard of India possesses a ~450 km long coastline vulnerabl... more Odisha, a coastal state on eastern seaboard of India possesses a ~450 km long coastline vulnerable to a multitude of natural and anthropogenic threats. The present study reports a systematic assessment of rates of shoreline change over a period of 25 years from 19902015, using Landsat 5 and 8 series of (Thematic Mapper and Operational Land Imager) satellite images. An analysis of rate of shoreline change was carried out along select regions of Odisha coast using Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Linear Regression Method (LRR) was used to estimate net shoreline change at sub decade time scale and End Point Rate (EPR) to estimate net shoreline change rate in between two consecutive years. The highest erosion with a coastline length of 63 km was observed between Rajnagar (around Satabhaya beach) and Mahakalapara (near to Hukitola beach) block of Kendrapara district and between Ersama (around Paradeep port) and Balikuda blocks (northern parts of Devi River mouth) of Jagatsinghpu...

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Geospatial analysis of coastal environment: A case study on Bhitarkanika Mangroves, East coast of India

Present study was carried out to classify and map the mangrove vegetation as well as erosion and ... more Present study was carried out to classify and map the mangrove vegetation as well as erosion and accretion rate along coastal tract of Bhitarkanika, east coast of India using Landsat 7 and 8 satellite data from the year 1989 to 2013.The study resulted different classes like dense mangroves, sparse mangroves and mangroves scrub of mangrove environment. Erosion and accretion rate of Bhitarkanika coast were identified through supervised classification technique. Results of classified image concluded that the changes of sparse mangroves were +2892.78 ha, dense mangroves -350.55 ha. and mangrove scrub +1792.35 ha. Similarly the rate of erosion was 35.6238 sq. km. towards Gahirmatha beach and the deposition of 8.2134 sq. km. near the Maipura river of Bhitarkanika ecosystem from 1989 to 2013.

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Spatio-Temporal Study of Coastal Dynamics in Odisha Coast, East Coast of India

International journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 2017

The present study illustrates the integral approach of remote sensing and GIS for the assessment ... more The present study illustrates the integral approach of remote sensing and GIS for the assessment of coastal environment of a part of coastal Odisha. Multispectral and multi-temporal Landsat satellite imageries along with Linear Imaging Self scanning Sensor (LISS IV) data were used to carry out this piece of work. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the coastal dynamics i.e., landuse/landcover (LULC), erosion and accretion of a part of Odisha coast (Baleswar, Bhadrak, Kendrapara and Jagatsinghpur districts). Supervised classification adopting maximum likelihood method was applied to analyze this work. The study resulted in different classes like Sand, mangroves, wetland, Plantation with settlement, forest, agricultural land etc. The LULC map showed that the area under plantation with settlement was larger than any other class and it also showed reduction of agricultural land in all the districts of the coastal environment. Similarly, mangroves increased in all the coasta...

Fani, an Outlier among Pre-monsoon Intra-Seasonal Cyclones over Bay of Bengal

Bay of Bengal is prone to maximum rate of cyclogenesis of cyclonic disturbances and intensified c... more Bay of Bengal is prone to maximum rate of cyclogenesis of cyclonic disturbances and intensified cyclonic storms. The cyclones in the Bay of Bengal basin are most devastating, causing a large number of fatalities and huge infrastructural and pecuniary losses. The Coastline of Odisha had witnessed major land falls of cyclonic storms in comparison to other coastal states in east coast of Indian peninsula. Pre-monsoon cyclonic storms are rare compared to post monsoon in strength and frequency. The extreme severe cyclonic storm “Fani” has ransacked the Odisha coast causing 43 fatalities from 159 blocks in 14 districts, and huge pecuniary losses amounting to 2417.6 billion INR in spite of war footing precautionary measures. In this paper, the tracks of various intensified pre-monsoon and post-monsoon storms and their impacts are studied. The climatological impact of various dominating systems in Indian Ocean like El-Nino, La-Nina, El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Madden–Julian Oscillation, I...

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Geospatial decipherment of groundwater potential of Kattankolathur block of Tamil Nadu using MCDM techniques

Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 2017

The international hydrological community is addressing problem of scarcity of water and judicial ... more The international hydrological community is addressing problem of scarcity of water and judicial and optimum groundwater development and sustainable management by the available knowledge and tool equipped. For the present study, an attempt has been made in understanding, the importance of different hydrogeological parameters, which control the groundwater potential of an area and finally characterization of the area into different groundwater potential zones. The study area is Kattankolathur block of Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu, Southern India, which extends over a geographical area of 378.536 Sq. km. Different temporal satellite images and collateral data are used to prepare number of thematics for the analysis. Further these thematics by giving suitable weightage and assigning respective ranks using Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique depending upon their control over groundwater potential are overlaid by using weighted overlay analysis tool available with ArcGIS and the final groundwater potential map has been prepared. By performing this multi criteria analysis, the area is categorized into different classes' viz., Very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good groundwater potential zones. The study shows 101.448 sq. km and 152.172 sq. km of very poor to poor groundwater potential, whereas 83.277 sq. km of the area is coming under moderate potential zone. The rest area, 27.76sq. Km. is coming under good and only 13.879sq. Km found to be under very good groundwater potential zone. Different sample locations are been considered over the area and the water level has been collected from different control wells for pre and post monsoon periods and validated. Ares namely Palur Villampakkam, Attur, Timmenpuram and Chengalpattu Shows high groundwater potential and less populated. In the contrast areas like Paranur, Singaperumal Koil, Marammalai Nagar, Potheri, Guduvanchery, and Vandalur are highly populated and industrialized and are coming under moderate to very poor potential zones.

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Response of coastal phytoplankton pigment composition to tropical cyclone Fani

Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2021

Phytoplankton pigment composition was evaluated during the pre-cyclone phase (PRCP) and post-cycl... more Phytoplankton pigment composition was evaluated during the pre-cyclone phase (PRCP) and post-cyclone phase (POCP) of tropical cyclone Fani in the coastal waters of the northwestern Bay of Bengal. The chromatographic analysis revealed higher pigment diversity and an increase in individual pigment concentration during POCP. Chlorophyll-a (chl-a) was the dominant pigment during PRCP and POCP, followed by fucoxanthin. However, chl-a and fucoxanthin concentrations increased 18- and 14-folds, respectively, during the POCP, signifying Bacillariophyta bloom. Complementing microscopy confirmed the dominance of the toxic Bacillariophyta species Pseudo-nitzschia pungens (reaching 5.47 × 104 cells l-1) during the POCP. The cyclone-induced nutrient recharge of the ambient medium could have promoted phytoplankton growth, causing the reappearance of diatom bloom during the later phase of the pre-southwest monsoon. Small-sized Prymnesiophyta and Cryptophyta were not detected microscopically; however, they were identified by chromatographic analysis through pigment markers during POCP.

Satellite Retrieved Spatio-temporal Variability of Phytoplankton Size Classes in the Arabian Sea

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2020

The long-term trend in satellite retrieved phytoplankton size classes (PSC) such as picophytoplan... more The long-term trend in satellite retrieved phytoplankton size classes (PSC) such as picophytoplankton (PP), nanophytoplankton (NP), and microphytoplankton (MP) was studied in the three zones falling under different ecological provinces in open ocean regions of the Arabian Sea. A regionally tuned three-component “abundance” model was used to compute PSC biomass from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer onboard Aqua (MODISA) satellite data for the period of 17 years (2003 to 2019). The overall trend indicated the highest concentration of all PSC in the northern Arabian Sea (ARAB province) which gradually decreased to the southern region (MONS province). All PSC biomass showed a peak during the winter monsoon period in ARAB province attributed to the recurring algal bloom. The long-term temporal trend showed relatively lower concentration (most of the times < 0.1 mg m−3) of all PSC biomass in MONS in comparison with ARAB. However, the monthly climatology of total phytoplankton biomass exhibited a similar pattern in all the provinces. The temporal distribution of the PSC biomass discerned rank order of MP > PP > NP in ARAB. In contrast, MONS displayed PSC rank order as PP > NP > MP. A sharp decline in the concentration of MP biomass was observed during the onset of summer monsoon period in comparison with other PSC in MONS.

Attribution of Hydrologic Changes in a Tropical River Basin to Rainfall Variability and Land-Use Change: Case Study from India

Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, several parts of the world have been facing severe droughts and freque... more

Earth Observation Technique-Based Coastal Vulnerability Assessment of Northern Odisha, East Coast of India

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2020

The coastal zones of northern Odisha coast, western Bay of Bengal, are highly exposed to natural ... more The coastal zones of northern Odisha coast, western Bay of Bengal, are highly exposed to natural forcing. These regions are vulnerable due to natural hazards such as cyclones, tsunamis, floods, shoreline/beach erosion and sea-level rise. Further, the increased intensity and density of the extreme events in the recent decades have contributed more to the coastal vulnerability, thereby causing floods and inundation. Therefore, there is a need of sustainable use of the coastal zone with proper management practices. In this context, coastal vulnerability index (CVI) has been proved as an effective method for assigning the vulnerability status to any coastal zone. The present research work aims to develop a CVI by integrating risk values of nine input variables and to segment them into low, moderate, high and very high vulnerability categories as per their degree of vulnerability. The study area exhibits a long 273.8 km coastal tract, and about 9.6% of the coastal tract is under very high vulnerability category, followed by 29.7% under high vulnerability, 46.3% under medium vulnerability and rest 14.3% under low vulnerability.

Inter-Comparison of Gauge-Based Gridded Data, Reanalysis and Satellite Precipitation Product with an Emphasis on Hydrological Modeling

Atmosphere, 2020

Precipitation is essential for modeling the hydrologic behavior of watersheds. There exist multip... more Precipitation is essential for modeling the hydrologic behavior of watersheds. There exist multiple precipitation products of different sources and precision. We evaluate the influence of different precipitation product on model parameters and streamflow predictive uncertainty using a soil water assessment tool (SWAT) model for a forest dominated catchment in India. We used IMD (gridded rainfall dataset), TRMM (satellite product), bias-corrected TRMM (corrected satellite product) and NCEP-CFSR (reanalysis dataset) over a period from 1998–2012 for simulating streamflow. The precipitation analysis using statistical measures revealed that the TRMM and CFSR data slightly overestimate rainfall compared to the ground-based IMD data. However, the TRMM estimates improved, applying a bias correction. The Nash–Sutcliffe (and R2) values for TRMM, TRMMbias and CFSR, are 0.58 (0.62), 0.62 (0.63) and 0.52 (0.54), respectively at model calibrated with IMD data (Scenario A). The models of each prec...

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Kamal Barik

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