Julie Murshidi

Physical and Morphological Properties of Zirconia Produced at Different Precipitating Conditions

Malaysian journal of science, Dec 26, 2002

Zirconia is an important advanced material due to its structural as well as functional properties... more Zirconia is an important advanced material due to its structural as well as functional properties. Hydrothermal technique is one of the more common methods to produce this material and this can be achieved by precipitating zirconium hydroxide from zirconyl chloride solution. In this study, pH 8 had been selected for the precipitating condition and the zirconia was produced at different concentrations. The ratio of tetragonal to monoclinic zirconia crystalline phases was determined using X-Ray Diffraction technique. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used for analyzing the morphological structure. Other characterization techniques used include particle size analyzer for size distribution.

High Purity Alumina and Zeolite from Local Low Grade Kaolin

Malaysia mainly produced low quality kaolin and the paper describes the development of a process ... more Malaysia mainly produced low quality kaolin and the paper describes the development of a process to produce high purity alumina and zeolite from this mineral. Selective leaching technique was applied to remove 45% of the Al 2 O 3 content in kaolin. The high purity alumina produced shows similar characteristic to the commercial product. An alkaline fusion stage was then carried to transform the kaolin mineral into zeolite. Identification of the crystalline phase by XRD shows that it consists of both zeolite P and hydroxysodalite. This was also confirmed by the FTIR technique.

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Effect of Impact Milling and Ball Milling on Microstructure of Lead Titanate Powders Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction

Journal of materials science and engineering, Sep 28, 2013

Single phase lead titanate (PbTiO 3) was prepared by solid-state route using lead (II) oxide (PbO... more Single phase lead titanate (PbTiO 3) was prepared by solid-state route using lead (II) oxide (PbO) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2) as precursors. The effects of using impact mill (IM) and ball mill (BM) in solid state reaction have been observed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was recorded at room temperature and analyzed by employing Rietveld method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the PbTiO 3 particles are tetragonal with tetragonality (c/a) ratio ranging from 1.058 to 1.063 and average crystallite size from 40.8 to 64.2 nm. It is found that the impact mill (IM) can be used to produce pure tetragonal perovskite with a lower tetragonality and average crystallite size.

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Physical and Morphological Properties of Zirconia Produced at Different Precipitating Conditions

Malaysian journal of science, 1970

Zirconia is an important advanced material due to its structural as well as functional properties... more Zirconia is an important advanced material due to its structural as well as functional properties. Hydrothermal technique is one of the more common methods to produce this material and this can be achieved by precipitating zirconium hydroxide from zirconyl chloride solution. In this study, pH 8 had been selected for the precipitating condition and the zirconia was produced at different concentrations. The ratio of tetragonal to monoclinic zirconia crystalline phases was determined using X-Ray Diffraction technique. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used for analyzing the morphological structure. Other characterization techniques used include particle size analyzer for size distribution.

Effect of Impact Milling and Ball Milling on Microstructure of Lead Titanate Powders Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction

Journal of Materials Science and Engineering B, 2013

Single phase lead titanate (PbTiO 3) was prepared by solid-state route using lead (II) oxide (PbO... more Single phase lead titanate (PbTiO 3) was prepared by solid-state route using lead (II) oxide (PbO) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2) as precursors. The effects of using impact mill (IM) and ball mill (BM) in solid state reaction have been observed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was recorded at room temperature and analyzed by employing Rietveld method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the PbTiO 3 particles are tetragonal with tetragonality (c/a) ratio ranging from 1.058 to 1.063 and average crystallite size from 40.8 to 64.2 nm. It is found that the impact mill (IM) can be used to produce pure tetragonal perovskite with a lower tetragonality and average crystallite size.

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Production of Mullite Ceramic Bodies from Kaolin Processing Waste and Aluminum Hydroxide

Materials Science Forum, 2017

Small pellets with differing mullite contents were prepared by a conventional ball-milling and dr... more Small pellets with differing mullite contents were prepared by a conventional ball-milling and dry-powder pressing technique, followed by firing at temperature of 1300°C and 1600°C for four hours. Kaolin processing waste and high purity aluminum hydroxide were used as starting materials. The sintered samples were examined using X-ray diffraction to determine the weight percent of each identified phase. The results showed that the percentage of mullite in kaolin processing waste can be increased by introducing additional aluminum hydroxide. It was found that sintered samples yielded best results when derived from both types of kaolin processing waste with 40wt% of aluminum hydroxide and a firing temperature of 1600°C.

High purity alumina and zeolite from local low grade kaolin

Malaysia mainly produced low quality kaolin and the paper describes the development of a process ... more Malaysia mainly produced low quality kaolin and the paper describes the development of a process to produce high purity alumina and zeolite from this mineral. Selective leaching technique was applied to remove 45% of the Al 2 O 3 content in kaolin. The high purity alumina produced shows similar characteristic to the commercial product. An alkaline fusion stage was then carried to transform the kaolin mineral into zeolite. Identification of the crystalline phase by XRD shows that it consists of both zeolite P and hydroxysodalite. This was also confirmed by the FTIR technique.

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Structural and morphological properties of PbTiO3: The effect of SiO2 as an additive

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2014

ABSTRACT

$Research paper thumbnail of X-ray diffraction study of crystalline barium titanate ceramics$

X-ray diffraction study of crystalline barium titanate ceramics

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2014

In this study, BaTiO 3 ceramics have been prepared via solid-state reaction method. The powders w... more In this study, BaTiO 3 ceramics have been prepared via solid-state reaction method. The powders were calcined for 2 hours at different temperatures ranging from 600 o C to 1200 o C. Using X-ray diffraction with a Rietveld analysis, the phase formation and crystal structure of the BaTiO 3 powders were studied. Change in crystallite size and tetragonality as a function of calcination temperature were also discussed. It has been found that the formation of pure perovskite phase of BaTiO 3 began at calcination condition of 1000 o C for 2 hours. The crystal structure of BaTiO 3 formed is in the tetragonal structure. The second phases of BaCO 3 and TiO 2 existed with calcination temperature below 1000 o C. Purity, crystallite size and tetragonality of BaTiO 3 powders were found to increase with increasing calcination temperature.

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$Research paper thumbnail of Estimation of Crystallinity and Crystallite Size of Cellulose in Benzylated Fibres of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches by X-Ray Diffraction$

Estimation of Crystallinity and Crystallite Size of Cellulose in Benzylated Fibres of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches by X-Ray Diffraction

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2001

Benzylated fibre (BzF) was produced from fibres of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs) using benz... more Benzylated fibre (BzF) was produced from fibres of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs) using benzyl chloride in an etherification reaction for 2 h at two reaction temperatures, 100°C and 110°C. Estimates based on X-ray diffraction data show decreases of approximately 15 and 17%, respectively, in the crystallinity of cellulose, and 36 and 54% in the size of crystallites cellulose in the BzF(100°C) and BzF(110°C) samples. This indicates a greater effect on crystallite size than on crystallinity because the conversion of some crystalline cellulose in the crystallite domain into an amorphous state is accompanied by the breakage of the crystallite domain into smaller sizes. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the increase of reaction temperature from 100°C to 110°C results in a larger change in crystallite size than in crystallinity.

Structure, morphology and hydrogen storage properties of a Ti0. 97Zr0. 019V0. 439Fe0. 097Cr0. 045Al0. 026Mn1. 5 alloy

ABSTRACT The Ti0.97Zr0.019V0.439Fe0.097Cr0.045Al0.026Mn1.5 alloy is a hexagonal C14 Laves phase m... more ABSTRACT The Ti0.97Zr0.019V0.439Fe0.097Cr0.045Al0.026Mn1.5 alloy is a hexagonal C14 Laves phase material that reversibly stores hydrogen under ambient temperatures. Structural changes are studied by XRD and SEM with regard to hydrogenation and dehydrogenation cycling at 25, 40 and 60 °C. The average particle size is reduced after hydrogenation and dehydrogenation cycling through decrepitation. The maximum hydrogen capacity at 25 °C is 1.71 ± 0.01 wt. % under 78 bar H2, however the hydrogen sorption capacity decreases and the plateau pressure increases at higher temperatures. The enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) of hydrogen absorption and desorption have been calculated from a van’t Hoff plot as −21.7 ± 0.1 kJ/mol H2 and −99.8 ± 0.2 J/mol H2/K for absorption and 25.4 ± 0.1 kJ/mol H2 and 108.5 ± 0.2 J/mol H2/K for desorption, indicating the presence of a significant hysteresis effect.

Chemical modification on lignocellulosic polymeric oil palm empty fruit bunch for advanced material

Advances in Polymer Technology, 2001

... 7583. 4. Deraman, M.; Zakaria, S.; Husin, M.; Aziz, AA; Ramli, R.; Mokhtar, A.; Yusuf, MNM; ... more

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