Henry King

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Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besi... more Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print-und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind.

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Grid Based Global Carbon Edge Regression Coefficents

Grid cell based regression coefficients for predicting global biomass in the pantropics. To bette... more Grid cell based regression coefficients for predicting global biomass in the pantropics. To better account for the variability within a continent, we constructed 100-km grid cells throughout the pantropics. In grid cells where the majority of pixels were from forest biomes, we consider three candidate regression models to represent the relationship between biomass density and distance to forest edge. In particular, we consider: Asymptotic: \(\mathrm{Biomass} = \theta_1-\theta_2\cdot\exp(-\theta_3\cdot\mathrm{Distance})\), Logarithmic: \(\mathrm{Biomass}=\beta_0+\beta_1\ln\cdot(\mathrm{Distance})\) , or Linear: \(\mathrm{Biomass}=\eta_0+\eta_1\cdot Distance\) Then, for each grid cell, the candidate with the highest R<sup>2</sup> is used to best represent the relationship between density and distance to forest edge. Models (2) and (3) were deemed as suitable (and more simplistic) alternatives in cells where higher distances were generally not observed and as a result the forest core was not firmly established. We also note that in the vast majority of grid cells, model (1) was optimal. For each cell the magnitude and distance of the edge effect were again estimated. In cells using models (2) or (3) the forest core (\(\theta_1\)) was estimated as the average biomass density at the largest observed distance in the cell.

Decreasing formalin concentration improves quality of DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens without compromising tissue morphology or immunohistochemical staining

Journal of Clinical Pathology, 2020

Genomic technologies are increasingly used clinically for both diagnosis and guiding cancer thera... more Genomic technologies are increasingly used clinically for both diagnosis and guiding cancer therapy. However, formalin fixation can compromise DNA quality. This study aimed to optimise tissue fixation using normal colon, liver and uterus (n=8 each) by varying neutral buffered formalin (NBF) concentration (1%–5% w/v) and fixation time (24–48 hours). Fixation using 4% NBF improved DNA quality (assessed by qPCR) compared with routine (4% unbuffered formal saline-fixed) specimens (p<0.01). Further improvements were achieved by reducing NBF concentration (p<0.00001), whereas fixation time had no effect (p=0.110). No adverse effects were detected by histopathological or QuPath morphometric analysis. Immunohistochemistry for multicytokeratin and α-smooth muscle actin revealed no changes in staining specificity or intensity in any tissue other than on liver multicytokeratin staining intensity, where the effect of fixation time was more significant (p=0.0004) than NBF concentration (p=...

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Life Cycle Assessment of Three Safe Drinking-Water Options in India: Boiled Water, Bottled Water, and Water Purified with a Domestic Reverse-Osmosis Device

Sustainability, 2019

Indian households connected to improved water sources still need to purify their water before dri... more Indian households connected to improved water sources still need to purify their water before drinking. In this study, environmental impacts of three purification options in urban India were compared: (a) boiling water, (b) bottled, purified water, and (c) purifying the water with a domestic reverse-osmosis (RO) device. Primary data for the manufacture, distribution, and the use of the RO device were obtained directly from the manufacturer. Standard, attributional Life Cycle Assessment was performed using a suite of impact assessment methods from ReCiPe v 1.8. In addition, blue and green water consumptions were quantified using the Quantis water database. Bottled water was found to be associated with the highest impacts for all impact categories considered, mainly due to the production and the transportation of bottles. The preference between the other two systems depends on the considered impact category. Water boiled using the liquefied petroleum gas (current practice of urban con...

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Quantifying drivers of variability in life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of consumer products—a case study on laundry washing in Europe

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2017

Purpose Variability in consumer behaviour can significantly influence the environmental performan... more Purpose Variability in consumer behaviour can significantly influence the environmental performance of products and their associated impacts and this is typically not quantified in life cycle assessments. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how consumer behaviour data can be used to understand and quantify the variability in the greenhouse gas emissions from domestic laundry washing across Europe. Methods Data from a pan-European consumer survey of product usage and washing habits was combined with internal company data on product format greenhouse gas (GHG) footprints and in-home measurement of energy consumption of laundry washing as well as literature data to determine the GHG footprint of laundry washing. The variability associated with four laundry detergent product formats and four wash temperature settings in washing machines were quantified on a per wash cycle basis across 23 European countries. The variability in GHG emissions associated with country electricity grid mixes was also taken into account. Monte Carlo methods were used to convert the variability in the input parameters into variability of the life cycle GHG emissions. Rank correlation analysis was used to quantify the importance of the different sources of variability. Results and discussion Both inter-country differences in background electricity mix as well as intra-country variation in consumer behaviour are important for determining the variability in life cycle GHG emissions of laundry detergents. The average GHG emissions related to the laundry washing process in the 23 European countries in 2014 was estimated to be 5 × 10 2 g CO 2 − eq/wash cycle, but varied by a factor of 6.5 between countries. Intra-country variability is between a factor of 3.5 and 5.0 (90% interval). For countries with a mainly fossil-based electricity system, the dominant source of variability in GHG emissions results from consumer choices in the use of washing machines. For countries with a relatively low-carbon electricity mix, variability in life cycle GHG emissions is mainly determined by laundry product-related parameters. Conclusions The combination of rich data sources enabled the quantification of the variability in the life cycle GHG emissions of laundry washing which is driven by a variety of consumer choices, manufacturer choices and infrastructural differences of countries. The improved understanding of the variability needs to be balanced against the cost and challenges of assessing of consumer habits.

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Developing Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR) for shampoos: The basis for comparable life cycle assessment

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2018

In 2013, the European Commission launched the Environmental Footprint Rules pilot phase. This ini... more In 2013, the European Commission launched the Environmental Footprint Rules pilot phase. This initiative aims at setting specific rules for life cycle assessment (LCA: raw material sourcing, production, logistics, use, and disposal phase) studies within 1 product category, called product environmental footprint category rules (PEFCR), and for organizations, called organizational environmental footprint sector rules (OEFSR). Such specific rules for measuring environmental performance throughout the life cycle should facilitate the comparability between LCA studies and provide principles for communicating environmental performance, such as transparency, reliability, completeness, and clarity. Cosmetics Europe, the association representing the cosmetics industry in the European Union, completed a voluntary study into the development of PEFCR for shampoo, generally following the guidelines and methodology developed by the European Commission for its own pilot projects. The study assessed the feasibility and relevance of establishing PEFCR for shampoo. Specifically, the study defines a large number of modeling assumptions and default values relevant for shampoo (e.g., for the functional unit, the system boundaries, default transport distances, rinsing water volumes, temperature differences, life cycle inventory data sources) that can be modified as appropriate, according to the specificities of individual products, manufacturing companies, and countries. The results of the study may be used to support internal decision making (e.g., to identify "hotspots" with high environmental impact and opportunities for improvement) or to meet information requests from commercial partners, consumers, media, or authorities on product environmental characteristics. In addition, the shampoo study also highlighted many of the challenges and limitations of the current product environmental footprint (PEF) methodology, namely its complexity and resource intensiveness. It highlighted 2 areas where improvements are much needed: (1) data quality and availability, and (2) impact assessment methodologies and robustness. Many of the findings are applicable to other rinse-off cosmetic products, such as shower gels, liquid soaps, bath products, and hair conditioners.

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How to bring absolute sustainability into decision-making: An industry case study using a Planetary Boundary-based methodology

The Science of the total environment, 2018

The Planetary Boundaries concept has emerged as a framework for articulating environmental limits... more The Planetary Boundaries concept has emerged as a framework for articulating environmental limits, gaining traction as a basis for considering sustainability in business settings, government policy and international guidelines. There is emerging interest in using the Planetary Boundaries concept as part of life cycle assessment (LCA) for gauging absolute environmental sustainability. We tested the applicability of a novel Planetary Boundaries-based life cycle impact assessment methodology on a hypothetical laundry washing case study at the EU level. We express the impacts corresponding to the control variables of the individual Planetary Boundaries together with a measure of their respective uncertainties. We tested four sharing principles for assigning a share of the safe operating space (SoSOS) to laundry washing and assessed if the impacts were within the assigned SoSOS. The choice of sharing principle had the greatest influence on the outcome. We therefore highlight the need for...

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100 Film Musicals, 2011

Beloved infidel : film

Birth and death in discrete Morse theory

Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2017

Suppose M is a finite simplicial complex and that for 0 = t 0 , t 1 ,. .. , t r = 1 we have a dis... more Suppose M is a finite simplicial complex and that for 0 = t 0 , t 1 ,. .. , t r = 1 we have a discrete Morse function F ti : M → R. In this paper, we study the births and deaths of critical cells for the functions F ti and present an algorithm for pairing the cells that occur in adjacent slices. We first study the case where the triangulation of M is the same for each t i , and then generalize to the case where the triangulations may differ. This has potential applications in data imaging, where one has function values at a sample of points in some region in space at several different times or at different levels in an object.

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Captain from Castile : film

Australian Aboriginal [man], Queensland

Item Held By State Library of Victoria, May 12, 2009

half-length portrait of aboriginal man full face bearded and showing tribal cicatrices.stamped on... more

The Bravados : film

Method and Apparatus for Operating, Interfacing And/Or Managing for at Least One Optical Characteristic System for Container Handlers in a Container Yard

Methods and Apparatus Processing Container Images And/Or Identifying Codes for Front End Loaders or Container Handlers Servicing Rail Cars

Use of the life cycle appraoch on company, category and product level to support the greenhouse gas strategy in a mulitnational company

An Epitaph on his most honour'd Freind Richard Earle of Dorset

The Poems of Henry King, 1965

Ticos

Mathematical Sciences Research Institute Publications, 1992

The Woes of Esay

The Poems of Henry King, 1965

Development of a tool for rapidly assessing the implementation difficulty and emissions benefits of innovations

Technovation, 2012

Consumer goods manufacturers aiming to reduce the environmental impact associated with their prod... more Consumer goods manufacturers aiming to reduce the environmental impact associated with their products commonly pursue incremental change strategies, but more radical approaches may be required if we are to address the challenges of sustainable consumption. One strategy to realize step change reductions is to prepare a portfolio of innovations providing different levels of impact reduction in exchange for different levels of organizational resource commitment. In this research a tool is developed to support this strategy, starting with the assumption that through brainstorming or other eco-innovation approaches, a long-list of candidate innovations has been created. The tool assesses the potential greenhouse gas benefit of an innovative option against the difficulty of its implementation. A simple greenhouse gas benefit assessment method based on streamlined LCA was used to analyze impact reduction potential, and a novel measure of implementation difficulty was developed. The predictions of implementation difficulty were compared against expert opinion, and showed similar results indicating the measure can be used sensibly to predict implementation difficulty. The assessment of the environmental gain versus implementation difficulty is visualized in a matrix, showing the trade-offs of several options. The tool is deliberately simple-with scalar measures of CO 2 emissions benefits and implementation difficulty-so tool users must remain aware of other potential environmental burdens besides greenhouse gases (e.g. water, waste). In addition, although relative life cycle emissions benefits of an option may be low, the absolute impact of an option can be high and there may be other co-benefits, which could justify higher levels of implementation difficulty. Different types of consumer products (e.g. household, personal care, foods) have been evaluated using the tool. Initial trials of the tool within Unilever demonstrate that the tool facilitates rapid evaluation of low-carbon innovations.

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