Papers by Guillermo Cardoso
HortScience, 2005
Low water landscapes are increasing popular and important in the urban areas of the Intermountain... more Low water landscapes are increasing popular and important in the urban areas of the Intermountain West (IMW). Perennial wildflowers are an essential part of low water landscapes, and are a dominant plant type in IMW native habitats. We compared pot-in-pot (PIP) vs. conventional above-ground (CAG) production of six IMW native wildflower species, Mirabilismultiflora, Aquilegia caerulea, Penstemon palmeri, Polemonium foliosissimum, Sphaeralcea grossularifolia, and Penstemonstrictus in #1 (4-L) containers. Media temperature, container-plant water loss, stomatal conductance, and growth were measured during two production cycles per year over 2 years. Growing medium temperatures in the PIP system averaged 10 °C cooler than in the CAG system. Consistent with cooler growing media, overall water loss of PIP-grown plants averaged 10% lower than plants grown in the CAG production system. Lower growing media temperatures apparently affected transpiration, as stomatal conductance was about 60% h...
Pot-in-pot production of Intermountain West native perennial wildflowers
Characterizing fertilizer and media pH requirements for greenhouse production of Intermountain West native herbaceous perennials
Native Plants Journal, 2007
Colorado blue columbine (Aquilegia caerulea James [Ranun-culaceae]), Palmer's penstemon (Pens... more Colorado blue columbine (Aquilegia caerulea James [Ranun-culaceae]), Palmer's penstemon (Penstemon palmeri Gray [Scrophulariaceae]), and Russian sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia Benth. [Lamiaceae]) were treated with 5 rates of a standard water-soluble fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/l [ppm] nitrogen [N]) to determine the optimum concentration for the production of plants in greenhouse containers. Plant quality and shoot dry matter increased while root:shoot dry matter decreased linearly with fertilizer concentration up to 200 ppm N for all species in a spring trial. Responses to fertilizer concentrations up to 400 ppm were less consistent in a fall trial. The response of gooseberryleaf globemallow (Sphaeral-cea grossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Rydb. [Malvaceae]) and Rocky Mountain penstemon (Penstemon strictus Benth. [Scro-phulariaceae]) to 5 media pHs (average 4.5, 5.4, 6.0, 6.9, and 8.3) was also evaluated. During the summer and, for P. strictus, spring, plants growing in the lowest pH did not perform as well as in the intermediate pH treatments. Plant performance in the high pH treatment was consistently lower than in the intermediate pHs for both species at all times. Overall, results indicate these native species can be grown using fertilizer concentrations (200 ppm) and media pHs (5.1 to 7.2) similar to other common greenhouse plants.
Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 2006
We investigated the performance of six Intermountain West (IMW) native herbaceous perennial speci... more We investigated the performance of six Intermountain West (IMW) native herbaceous perennial species grown in a pot-in-pot (PIP) or conventional above-ground (CAG) production system for two years. Three different species were grown for two production cycles each year. Root zone temperature (RZT), plant and container water loss, stomatal conductance, plant height, and final biomass were measured. The RZT of plants in the PIP system were as much as 7C cooler than the CAG system, with temperature differences greater at the edge than at the center of the container. Water loss was approximately 10% lower for PIP plants on five of eight measured dates despite higher stomatal conductance on five of seven dates. Higher RZT and lower gas exchange reduced top growth more than root growth for CAG produced plants, but results varied with species and season. Conventional above-ground plants showed no visible damage but had slower growth rates compared to PIP plants. Lower elevation species were m...
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Papers by Guillermo Cardoso