Genetic diversity is a key to identify elite genotypes for any crop improvement programme. In pre... more Genetic diversity is a key to identify elite genotypes for any crop improvement programme. In present study, diverse Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) genotypes were characterized using molecular markers in order to assess the inherited patterns of these genotypes for identification of elite and genetically diverse genotypes. Sixty (60) genotypes were provided by Bioresources Conservation Institute (BCI), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan. Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) analysis revealed that 54 ploymorphic bands were generated using 40 primer pairs. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value calculated for 10 SSR selected primers determined allele variations at each locus. These values varied from 0.234 for primer PBCGSSRBo36 to 0.720 for primer Na10-G10 with an average PIC value of 0.495 per locus. Each primer produced an average of 1.4 polymorphic bands. All the selected primers produced polymorphism among studied genotypes. The allele's size varied from 90bp-700bp is the evolution of proposed molecular approach. These results inferred that the accessions studied in present research have low variation revealing narrow genetic background of these accessions. Present investigation concerning molecular analyses, illustrated the highest level of inter-species and middle level of intra-species diversity amongst evaluated genotypes.
A field trial was conductedto evaluate tomato cultivars at different sowing dates under the agro ... more A field trial was conductedto evaluate tomato cultivars at different sowing dates under the agro climatic condition of Peshawar. Randomized complete block design having three replications and two factors. I.e. cultivars (Roma, Rio Grande and Red Stone and sowing dates1 st , 15 th and 30 th January was used. Both sowing dates and cultivars significantly affected the growth and yield parameters. Among different sowing dates 15 th January significantly increased flower cluster plant-1 , number of fruit cluster-1 and yield (26.3t ha-1). Cultivar Red Stone significantly increased plant height, branches plant-1 , flower cluster plant-1 , fruit cluster-1 and yield t ha-1).It is concluded that tomato cultivar Red Stone sown after second week of January resulted in optimum growth and yield under the agro-climatic conditions of Peshawar.
Analysis of high performance and genetic diversity in tomato (Lycopersicom eculentum L.) from Northern Pakistan
Transylvanian Review, 2018
The present study focused on analysis of genetic diversity using agro-morphological traits in tom... more The present study focused on analysis of genetic diversity using agro-morphological traits in tomato. Cultivated tomato is reported to have very low genetic diversity. Extent of heritable variation in tomato germplasm was determined in present study. A total of 46 accessions acquired from Northern Areas of Pakistan were used to characterize for 14 agro-morphological traits in order to recommend the best performing accessions for cultivation and breeding programs in the local area. Principal component (PC) and cluster analysis were used to analyze the data. On the basis of similarities, cluster analysis revealed grouping of accessions irrespective of geographical origin. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed positive contribution of agronomic and fruit traits. A number of agro-morphological traits were noticed with significant level of variability. The highest variation was observed in percentage of germination (G%) 669.4, followed by fruit weight (FWT) 307.1 and Plant height (VL...
A new rice strain that grows six feet tall with four times higher potential yield than the conven... more A new rice strain that grows six feet tall with four times higher potential yield than the conventionally bred variety, JP5, was developed using the MAGIC approach. This new rice type underwent analysis on sink size and source capacity traits, including superior and inferior spikelets, vascular bundles of panicle neck and stem internode, tillering pattern, grain filling pattern, yield, and other morphological attributes. Results indicated that the new strain had more vascular bundles of the stem (42) and panicle neck (35), primary rachis branches of panicle (16.1), superior spikelets, and greater grain weight than the conventionally bred variety, JP5. The panicle measured 45 cm long, with fertile grains of 500 per panicle and a stem diameter of 1.2 cm. During the grain filling duration, the spikelets of this strain and superior spikelets of JP5 gained maximum weight earlier than the inferior spikelets of JP5. Six feet tall plants of this new strain with long and heavy panicles had g...
A new rice strain that grows six feet tall with four times higher potential yield than the conven... more A new rice strain that grows six feet tall with four times higher potential yield than the conventionally bred variety, JP5, was developed using the MAGIC approach. This new rice type underwent analysis on sink size and source capacity traits, including superior and inferior spikelets, vascular bundles of panicle neck and stem internode, tillering pattern, grain filling pattern, yield, and other morphological attributes. Results indicated that the new strain had more vascular bundles of the stem (42) and panicle neck (35), primary rachis branches of panicle (16.1), superior spikelets, and greater grain weight than the conventionally bred variety, JP5. The panicle measured 45 cm long, with fertile grains of 500 per panicle and a stem diameter of 1.2 cm. During the grain filling duration, the spikelets of this strain and superior spikelets of JP5 gained maximum weight earlier than the inferior spikelets of JP5. Six feet tall plants of this new strain with long and heavy panicles had greater stem wall thickness. There occurred a positive and significant correlation (0.97 *) between yield and small vascular bundles of the panicle neck, lumen diameter (0.98*), leaf length (0.99 **), leaf width (0.99 **), flag leaf length (0.99 **), flag leaf width (0.97 *), panicle length (0.97 *), fertile grains per panicle (0.98 *), and plant height (0.97 *). The study noted that improving sink size, source capacity, and transportation of assimilation contributed positively toward yield. This novel strategy for grain yield enhancement in rice proved beneficial for other cereals to get significant breakthroughs in their production for ensuring food security.
The importance of rice for our country is manifold as it is an agricultural commodity that adds 2... more The importance of rice for our country is manifold as it is an agricultural commodity that adds 20% FEC to the national foreign exchange reserves. Seed is a living tissue carries a genetic potential.Failing of seeds to germinate under environmental conditions optimal for germination is called dormancy. True dormancy caused by the conditions within the seed that prevent germination. Thus dormancy is a state of seed, not of the environment, that reduces seed germination and breaking dormancy ,could be one of the most important factor for early germination. Whereas the wild species of rice offer an important source of variability for improvement of cultivated rice. Keeping in view of its importance the present work has been attempted to break dormancy of both the wild species and cultivated rice with different treatments. The outcome of breaking dormancy was the early germination, to increase survival percentage,shorten the nursery period and reduced maturity days.This book describe all the possible dormancy breaking methods of wild species and cultivated varities of rice. This may be helpful & used as protocol in future research studies by researchers.
Objective: To devise a strategy for prevention of beta thalassemia in newborns through reliable s... more Objective: To devise a strategy for prevention of beta thalassemia in newborns through reliable screening of indexed families. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted over six months in 2011 and comprised blood samples collected from subjects belonging to different ethnic groups from families of beta thalassemia major children registered with the Abbottonian Medical Association Blood Care Centre, Abbottabad, in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Electrophoretic separation of human haemoglobin like A, F, S and C was done and then haemoglobin in the gel was immobilised in a fixative solution and the gel was dried to a film. Haemoglobin pattern was visualised by staining the film with a protein-specific stain. The pattern was quantified by densitometry. Results: Of the 98 samples, 57(58.2%) had b-thalassemia trait with elevated haemoglobin alpha 2 level, and 41(41.8%) had normal level. Out of the 57 carriers, 33(57.89%) were males and 24(42.10%) were females. Mean age of carriers was 11.65±6.25 years compared to 10.93±7.75 in normal patients. Mean haemoglobin alpha 2 level of carriers was 5.2±0.56% compared to 2.34±0.57% in normal subjects. Conclusions: Carrying out mass screening programmes throughout Pakistan for the detection of thalassemia carriers and providing them the benefit of marriage counselling may decrease the incidence of thalassemia Major.
S) were evaluated in the background of Bas-385 for their yield and yield attributing traits. Mean... more S) were evaluated in the background of Bas-385 for their yield and yield attributing traits. Mean values for quantitative traits were compared according to least significant difference (LSD) statistical test. The observations were recorded in accordance with IRRI technical bulletin on morphology and varietals characteristics. Data on agronomic parameters was collected from productive tillers of three plants of each entry at appropriate stage of growth to examine variation. Among the entire yield attributing traits plant height, panicle length, primary branches, secondary branches, filled spikelets, unfilled spikelets, tillers per plant, thousand grains weight and yield per plant showed significant variability. Line-18, Line-186, Line-59, Line-103 and Line-77 proved to be best in grain yield/plant. Correlation analysis represent that yield was positively correlated with filled spikelet (0.645 P=0.01) ** and 1000 grains weight with primary branches (0.654 P=0.01). Range of genetic distance observed among the * tested lines was (GD = 0-60%) based on SDS PAGE. The dendrogram showed that sixteen genotypes were grouped in five categories (A-E) comprising 5, 6, 2, 2 and 1 genotypes, respectively. Line-103 and Line-59 were most distantly related to each other and could be used for breeding to improve rice cultivars. To exploit their genetic potential, these genotypes can beneficially be used in the breeding programs.
The investigation was carried out under field conditions to characterize agro-morphological trait... more The investigation was carried out under field conditions to characterize agro-morphological traits of twenty-one (21) advanced Aus rice lines (F 5). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The field was divided into three blocks; each block was subdivided into 21 plots (lines) where genotypes were randomly assigned. The experiment was conducted during the period of Transplanting Aus season (April 2015 to August 2015) at the genetics and plant breeding experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh. All the genotypes were characterized and categorized as per the descriptors developed by Biodiversity International, IRRI and WARDA-2007 for DUS test of inbred rice. All the genotypes were grouped and classified as well as described based on morphological characters as per descriptors so that all the observed genotypes containing described characters can be easily evaluated and identified at a glance for further studies.
Genotype × environment interaction and stability analysis on barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) lines in Algeria
Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 2011
The objectives of this research were to assess the genotype × environment interaction and to iden... more The objectives of this research were to assess the genotype × environment interaction and to identify barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes with high stability for grain yield, yield components, straw height, ear length, heading time, straw yield and harvest index. Eighteen barley breeding lines and one commercial cultivar were evaluated under field conditions during five growing seasons. The trials were carried out under both rainfed and irrigated conditions during the first four years and under rainfed conditions only during the last growing season. Stability studies showed significant differences between the environments for all the traits and between the genotypes for thousand-grain weight, heading time and ear length. The genotype × environment interaction was, however, not significant according to the Finlay-Wilkinson analysis. The analysis of correlations between the various traits showed the importance of selecting for earliness, high number of grains/ear, stem height and ea...
Fusarium wilt is a famous disease of tomato all over the world. The use of resistant varieties is... more Fusarium wilt is a famous disease of tomato all over the world. The use of resistant varieties is the most efficient approach to control the disease. The current study was carried out to investigate the presence of marker gene(s) resistant to Fusarium wilt in tomato germplasm, and the subsequent use of resistant varieties to contain the disease. Thirteen varieties: Pusa ruby, Pant bahar, Punjab chhahara, Arka alak, Arak abha, Ratan, CLN-2116-B, CLN-1767-238-2Y, CLSN-2123-A, CLN-1621-E, CLN-1621-T, CLN-1621-L, and CLN-2026-C were screened for the presence of I-3 resistance gene, a marker known to confer resistance to the race 2 of F. oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici. Two varieties, Arak abha and Ratan were tested positive for the presence of I-3 against the race 2 of the pathogen.
Fusarium wilt and late blight are the most devastating diseases of tomato that causes significant... more Fusarium wilt and late blight are the most devastating diseases of tomato that causes significant yield loses all over the world. Genetic host resistance is the most effective way to control these problems. Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out to screen 46 genotypes of tomato for the presence of Fusarium wilt resistance gene (I1) and late blight resistance gene (Ph3). For this purpose allele specific SSR marker Tom-144 and SCAR marker SCU602 were used that are tightly linked to I1 and Ph3 genes, respectively. In the present study 17 genotypes showed the presence of I1 gene and 13 genotypes showed the presence of Ph3 gene while five genotypes were found to possess both I1 and Ph3 genes. Thus we have successfully pyramided I1 and Ph3 genes into five tomato lines that are accessions 1008, 017878, 017868, 0101 and 1002. These genotypes are highly resistant to both Fusarium wilt and late blight of tomato and thus should be released as resistant inbred lines for general cultivation by farmers.
Bacterial leaf blight (BB) of rice caused by (Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae) is converting into a ... more Bacterial leaf blight (BB) of rice caused by (Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae) is converting into a critical threat almost in all rice growing countries of the world. In order to catagorize resistant sources to virulent isolates of BB, an experiment comprising 02 species of wild rice (Oryza sp.) and four most common cultivated varieties i.e., Bas-385, Swat-1, JP-5 and Fakhar Malakand of rice in Pakistan was conducted in the green house of Genetic Department Garden campus,Hazara University in the rice growing season during 2012. Bacterial suspension of concentration 108 CFU/ml was prepared from mixture of (Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae) prevailing in Khyber Puktunkhawa,Pakistan i.e., X00-1, X00-2 and X00-3. Clip method of artifical inoculation was used. Both tested wild relatives of rice O. longistaminata and O. rufipogon showed highly resistance to all the isolate. F3 genotypes Bas-385 x O. rufipogon was found highly susceptible to most of the isolates among all others genotypes. The us...
Status, utilization and trade of Hazara areas healing plants of Pakistan
The healing plants entail the search for economically valuable phytochemical resources from the f... more The healing plants entail the search for economically valuable phytochemical resources from the floral wealth of a country. Such initiatives hold the promise of new medicines and pesticides of plant origin that can be a source of income for agricultural based developing country like Pakistan, thus providing incentives to conserve indigenous floral diversity. The Hazara areas in the Himalayas, as one of the major ecological zone of Pakistan need thorough exploration of its invisible natural resources. The collection of existing folk information comprising of local name, general distribution, flowering period, part used, healing importance and other uses, market value and taxonomic diversity of healing plants has been carried out to prospect the importance of the residual plants in the local and abroad markets. The folk/traditional information about 117 (108 wild and 9 cultivated) healing plants was collected. Out of total 117 noted species, about 48 found were market-oriented compris...
Fourteen genotypes including two checks varieties were evaluated for agronomic traits and their a... more Fourteen genotypes including two checks varieties were evaluated for agronomic traits and their adaptability study on two different sowing dates at the experimental farm of Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan. The combined analysis of variance showed that there were significant variations among genotypes, dates of sowing and their interaction. Based on regression coefficient (bi) and mean square deviation from linear regression (2) for the individual genotypes regarding the parameters Viz. plant height, spike length, spikelets spike-1 , number of tillers plant-1 and grain yield (kg) plot-1 under consideration, most of the genotypes responded negatively with respect to all the traits under late planting condition. However, some of the genotypes such as CT-09117, CT-09137, CT-09141 and SRN-09111 revealed stable performance with respect to the yield assorted traits. They have been recommended for the late planting conditions where sowing is delayed due to some unavoidable circumstances than the other elite wheat genotypes.
Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) is the most destructive disease of... more Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) is the most destructive disease of rice that limits rice yield in all major rice-growing regions of Pakistan, especially in irrigated lowland conditions. Since bacterial pathogen is difficult to manage, development of host plant resistance is the most effective mean to control this disease. In this investigation, a major gene (Xa-7) conferring broad spectrum resistance to various races of the pathogen has been identified in various varieties and advance lines of rice by STMS marker. Out of 74 rice varieties, 31 to 44 showed the presence of Xa-7. Identification of Xa7 gene in rice could be utilized for increasing the level of resistance of existing rice varieties.
Uploads
Papers by Fida M Abbasi