F. Kramarz

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Papers by F. Kramarz

DP5496 Social Networks in the Boardroom

Adjustment Costs and Adjustment" speed

hAn Anatomy of International Trade: Evidence from French Firms, imimeo

Déclarer sa profession

Revue Française de Sociologie, 1991

... disponibles aux personnes pour se definir et se designer dans cet espace professionnel ne se ... more ... disponibles aux personnes pour se definir et se designer dans cet espace professionnel ne se ... en ref6rence a une situation locale ou a l&amp;#x27;affirmation d&amp;#x27;une identite personnelle. ... precise et strictement definie est une solution adoptee par plusieurs modeles d&amp;#x27;organisation du travail ...

Outsourcing, Unions, Wages, and Employment: Evidence from data matching imports, firms, and workers

CREST-INSEE mimeo, 2007

... with John Abowd, Sandra Black, David Blau, Hervé Boulhol, Xavier Boutin, Claudia Buch, Pierre... more

Bargaining and international trade

CREST-INSEE, CEPR, Florence conference on labor …, 2002

Job Mobility and Wages with Worker and Firm Heterogeneity

In this paper we compare returns to seniority to returns to experience. We jointly model particip... more In this paper we compare returns to seniority to returns to experience. We jointly model participation, wages and mobility with both worker and firm heterogeneity components. These firm-specific and worker-specific unobserved heterogeneity terms are treated as random ef- fects. These unmeasured components are correlated across equations. Posterior estimates of the parameters are obtained using a Gibbs Sampling algorithm with data

Formuler les questions d'une enquête

Genèses, 1991

DP2008 Changes in the Relative Structure of Wages and Employment: A Comparison of Canada, France and the United States

Firm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022

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Using Compulsory Mobility to Identify School Quality and Peer Effects

Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2014

Education production functions that feature school and student fixed effects are identified using... more Education production functions that feature school and student fixed effects are identified using students' school mobility. However, student mobility is driven by factors like parents' labour market shocks and divorce. Movers experience large achievement drops, are more often minority and free meal students, and sort endogenously into peer groups and school types. We exploit an English institutional feature whereby some students must change schools between grades 2 and 3. We find no evidence of endogenous sorting of such compulsory movers across peer groups or school types. Non-compulsory movers bias school quality estimates downward by as much as 20% of a SD.

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What Makes a Test Score? The Respective Contributions of Pupils, Schools, and Peers in Achievement in English Primary Education

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2008

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Persistent inter‐industry wage differences: rent sharing and opportunity costs

IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2012

We reconsider the potential for explaining inter‐industry wage differences by decomposing those d... more We reconsider the potential for explaining inter‐industry wage differences by decomposing those differences into parts due to individual and employer heterogeneity, respectively. Using longitudinally linked employer‐employee data, we estimate the model for the United States and France. The part arising from individual heterogeneity can be theoretically and empirically related to the worker’s opportunity wage rate. The part arising from employer heterogeneity can similarly be related to product market quasi‐rents and relative bargaining power. We find that these two variables are highly correlated with both parts of the differential in France. Although the U.S. inter‐industry wage differentials are strongly correlated with those in France, the decomposition is more nuanced in the American data, where the opportunity wage rate and the product market conditions are related to both the personal and employer heterogeneity. JEL codes J31, J50, L10

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Coordination in Sender-Receiver Games with no Common Language

Occupational Mobility and Wage Dynamics Within and Between Firms

Recent research has emphasized the key importance of the equilibrium allocation of heterogeneous ... more Recent research has emphasized the key importance of the equilibrium allocation of heterogeneous workers into heterogeneous jobs or occupations as a determinant of economic efficiency. Most of the literature on this subject envisions worker (re-)allocation as occurring between employers. Yet, the data suggest that a very large amount of reallocation occurs within firms, in the form of internal promotions or de-motions. We

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With a little help from my... parents? family networks and youth labor market entry

The paper studies the importance of family networks and the way these networks affect the transit... more The paper studies the importance of family networks and the way these networks affect the transition from school to work. We use a Swedish population-wide linked employer-employee data set that also includes detailed information on family ties, schools, and class composition. Because we are able to follow all students graduating from a given school in the same year within the same class and the same field of study (thus the same expected occupation) into their employing plant, where one of their parent can also be employed, we can identify the direct effect of family relationships controlling for confounding factors, in particular those related to location, education, or occupation. Results show that family ties are indeed important for the transition from school to work, in particular for low-educated males who are more likely to follow their fathers. In addition, a firm hires more graduating workers when children of its employees just graduated. Analyzing parental characteristics (wage and seniority, in particular), job characteristics (type of occupation, wage, stability), the economic environment (unemployment, job structure in the municipality) at hiring, as well as employing firm characteristics, we find that family networks reduce the uncertainty inherent in the transition between school and work and that children in "weak" positions tend to get their first jobs with a little help from their "strong" parents.

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Évolution Des Structures Professionnelles Dans L'Industrie Depuis 1969

Economie et statistique, 1988

Entre 1 974 et 1 980, le nombre des ouvriers non qualifiés (ONQ) diminue de près de la moitié dan... more Entre 1 974 et 1 980, le nombre des ouvriers non qualifiés (ONQ) diminue de près de la moitié dans la chimie, de 40 % dans le bâtiment-travaux publics et la sidérurgie. Après 1 980, les effectifs d'ONQ sont en baisse dans tous les secteurs industriels, sauf dans les industries de la viande et du lait. Dans les secteurs de biens intermédiaires qui traversent une forte récession-sidérurgie, chimie, papier-carton, matériaux de construction-les réductions globales d'effectifs sont très fortes dès 1974, et elles s'accompagnent d'une profonde recomposition de la main-d'oeuvre : le nombre d'ouvriers qualifiés diminue moins vite que celui des ONQ, tandis qu'augmente celui des techniciens et que les effectifs d'ingénieurs et de cadres restent stables. Dans toutes ces industries de process utilisant beaucoup de capital, l'emploi ouvrier non qualifié décline, souvent d'ailleurs bien avant 1 974, sous l'effet des innovations technologiques, et notamment de l'automatisation des processus de fabrication. Après 1 980, certains de ces secteurs, la sidérurgie par exemple, après avoir renforcé leur potentiel technique, développent leurs fonctions commerciales, créant ainsi des emplois de cadres tertiaires. Dans des secteurs de biens de consommation également très touchés par la crise, tels que le textilehabillement et le cuir, la gestion de la main-d'oeuvre est plus strictement défensive : toutes les catégories d'emplois régressent, sauf les cadres commerciaux. Ces industries mobilisent une maind'oeuvre nombreuse, dans laquelle les ouvriers non qualifiés (et surtout les ouvrières) occupent une place prépondérante. Dans de tels secteurs, la parcellisation des tâches reste très poussée, et l'automatisation ne pénètre pas l'ensemble des processus de fabrication. Dans les industries agricoles et alimentaires, l'aéronautique, l'armement, l'électricité, ni le premier ni même le second choc n'entraînent de chute de l'emploi. En revanche, le second choc stoppe la croissance de l'automobile, l'électronique et la parachimie. Outre les réductions d'emplois non qualifiés, auxquelles ils n'échappent pas, tous ces secteurs relativement épargnés ont en commun, face à la crise, le renforcement de leur potentiel technique. Certains, tels l'aéronautique, l'électronique ou la parachimie, développent de plus des emplois de cadres tertiaires, dans le but d'améliorer la commercialisation de leurs produits, de s'informatiser ou de développer les fonctions de gestion et d'organisation.

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Des trajectoires marquées par la structure de l'entreprise

Economie et statistique, 1988

[spa] Trayectorias marcadas por la estructura de la empresa - Que sea capitalista, de alta tecnol... more [spa] Trayectorias marcadas por la estructura de la empresa - Que sea capitalista, de alta tecnologia, de mano de obra o de función terciaria, la empresa se halla forzada en lo que a sus opciones se refiere, por su estructura misma. Dentro de la gama de orientaciones posibles, cada categoría de empresas solo tiene opciones limitadas, dos, incluso tres trayectorias

Internal and External Labor Markets: An Analysis of Matched Longitudinal Employer-Employee Data

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Teachers’ Training, Class Size and Students’ Outcomes: Learning from Administrative Forecasting Mistakes

The Economic Journal, 2009

Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published i... more Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.

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F. Kramarz

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