Papers by Divya Chaudhary
Background The economic burden of autism is substantial and includes a range of costs, including ... more Background The economic burden of autism is substantial and includes a range of costs, including healthcare, education, productivity losses, informal care and respite care, among others. In India, approximately, 2 million children aged 2-9 years have autism. Given the likely substantial burden of illness and the need to identify effective and cost-effective interventions, this research aimed to produce a comprehensive cost of illness inventory (COII) suitable for children with autism in South Asia (India) to support future research. Methods A structured and iterative design process was followed to create the COII, including literature reviews, interviews with caregivers, pilot testing and translation. Across the development of the COII, thirty-two families were involved in the design and piloting of the tool. The COII was forward translated (from English to Hindi) and back translated. Each stage of the process of development of the COII resulted in the further refinement of the tool...
Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2017
The main objective of virtual distributed computing is optimization of load in an efficient manne... more The main objective of virtual distributed computing is optimization of load in an efficient manner. This is achieved using load scheduling in cloud computing. The cloud is a virtual distributed environment having a huge set of resources. It offers us an incremental paradigm to obtain effective data transfer among the virtual machines and cloudlets. The paper proposes New Particle Search Optimization (NPSO) based load scheduling approach to obtain cost minimization by processing the cloudlets on VMs. It specifies a meta-heuristic swarm intelligence based approach by storing the best positions. The swarm of particles affects the behavior of the cloudlets. This is achieved using a new cost evaluation function. This paper analyzes the particle swarm optimization and NPSO (New Particle Search Optimization) on a large data set of cloudlets and VMs. The proposed approach provides higher efficiency by cost optimization (minimized cost) based on the statistical analysis of the total cost (execution and transfer) on a data set of number of iterations and particles.
must be informative and explain the background, aims, methods, results & conclusion in a single p... more must be informative and explain the background, aims, methods, results & conclusion in a single para. Abbreviations must be mentioned in full.
Synergy between adenosine and C5a induced signaling in mast cells
The FASEB Journal, 2007
Asian Journal of Medical Research, 2020
Background: Vaginal pH change also has a role in preterm delivery which suggests that it has a ro... more Background: Vaginal pH change also has a role in preterm delivery which suggests that it has a role in influencing cervical ripening. The aim of this study to evaluated the effect of vaginal pH on cervical ripening with dinoprostone (PGE2) gel between rural and urban primegravida.Subjects and Methods:This is hospital based comparative study done on 50 pregnant women admitted in labour room for induction of labour and fulfilling inclusion/exclusion criteria at Obstetrics and gynaecology department, RNT Medical college, Udaipur. Group I included patients with vaginal pH <4.5 and Group II included vaginal pH>4.5. A vaginal examination was then performed to determine the Bishop's score. After ruling out all contraindications Dinoprostone gel was applied endocervically.Results:Our study showed that mean age of pregnant women was 25.10 yrs in rural patients and 24.56 yrs in urban patients. The high vaginal pH (>4.5) was more in urban pregnant women as compare to rural pregnan...
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2020
'COVID-19' the recent virulent viral infection had influenced the lives of millions globally lead... more 'COVID-19' the recent virulent viral infection had influenced the lives of millions globally leading to both loss of life, economic and financial crisis. Coronavirus belongs to family coronaviridae with four genus viz. α/b and g-coronavirus, infecting both aves and mammals. The SARS-Cov-2 emerged in Wuhan, China in Dec, 2019 and since then had spread to 213 countries. Its origin is debatable with both natural origin and conspiracy theory providing no conclusive evidences. Coronavirus have '+'ive RNA and encodes for 29 proteins, which carries out its life cycle including infection and disease progression. The study of its proteome organization could illustrate the proteins which act as the key molecular players in the infection cycle of the virus. These proteins can also act as important drug targets in combating COVID-19 infection. Majority of the drugs have been formulated in order to act as agonist to spike proteins inhibiting infection by binding to ACE2 receptors. Proteome analysis has also revealed the critical mutated proteins that are responsible for COVID-19 pathogenesis and virulence. mRNA based vaccines (mRNA-1273, BNT162) also targets these spike proteins. Although DNA vaccine has also been attempted using RDT, but the high rate of mutation associated with COVID-19 have made such vaccines ineffective even before use. Thus evolutionarily conserved proteins have been the best candidature for vaccine development. Similarly phylogenetic analysis of its proteins could help us to understand the evolutionary pattern of COVID-19. It could be used to develop a predictable model for such pathogenic infections, preparing ourselves to take preventive action against its reoccurrence.
MYD88 L265P Mutations Influence Clinical Outcome and Identify a Pathway for Targeted Inhibition in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Blood, 2015
The L265P somatic mutation in the Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88 (MYD88) gene is rec... more The L265P somatic mutation in the Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88 (MYD88) gene is recurrently observed in CLL; although this mutation has been demonstrated to have functional effects in multiple hematologic malignancies, its role in CLL is largely unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined the clinical and biological impact of MYD88 L265P mutations in CLL by analysis of gene expression, cell viability and Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9)-induced signaling and cytokine production. Out of 160 CLL patient samples subjected to whole-exome sequencing and previously reported by our group, 10 were found to harbor MYD88 L265P mutations, all of which possessed mutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) regions (p = 0.006). While IGHV mutated patients are generally known to exhibit better prognosis compared to IGHV unmutated patients, the presence of MYD88 L265P within the IGHV mutated subset was associated with earlier age of disease onset (p = 0.04) and worse over...
Synergistic Blockade Of Activated B Cell-Like DLBCL Proliferation With a Selective Inhibitor Of IRAK4 In Combination With Inhibition Of The B-Cell Receptor Signaling Network
Blood, 2013
Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) and IL-1 signaling is mediated by the adaptor protein MyD88 through IRAK... more Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) and IL-1 signaling is mediated by the adaptor protein MyD88 through IRAK4 activation. TLR and IL-1 family ligands activate NFkB through this pathway and stimulate proliferation and cell survival, as well as induce cytokine and chemokine production that can amplify tumor cell survival. The gain-of-function L265P mutation in MyD88 occurs in ∼30% of patients with activated B-cell like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL) and ∼90% of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. Therefore, inhibition of IRAK4 may be therapeutically relevant in hematologic malignancies containing MyD88 mutations. Recent clinical results with kinase inhibitors strongly support a role for signaling through the B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway in the progression of hematological malignancies including ABC-DLBCL. We were interested to understand the potential utility of selective IRAK4 inhibitors in combination with inhibition of the BCR signaling networks. We have reported previously the ident...
Effect Of MYD88 Mutation In CLL On IRAK4 and BTK Inhibition In Vitro
Blood, 2013
Recent work in CLL and other lymphoproliferative disorders has established the importance of soma... more Recent work in CLL and other lymphoproliferative disorders has established the importance of somatic mutations in the pathogenesis and prognosis of disease. MYD88 L265P mutations occur in approximately 30% of ABC diffuse large B cell lymphomas (ABC DLBCL) and 90% of Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (WM) cases and have been shown to be an activating mutation in both cancers. MYD88 is an important adaptor protein for IL-1 and many Toll-like receptors, which signal via dimerization followed by formation of a complex of MYD88 with IRAK4 and IRAK1, leading to activation of IRAK4 kinase activity, IRAK1 phosphorylation and downstream activation of NFκB. Previous work in CLL has demonstrated that MYD88 L265P mutations occur in a smaller subset of patients (2.9-6.25%) and although MYD88 mutation is thought to be a CLL driver mutation, its role in CLL is not clearly understood. We previously reported whole exome sequencing results from a cohort of 160 CLL patients, 10 of whom have MYD88 L265P ...
IRAK4 Kinase As A Novel Therapeutic Target in the ABC Subtype of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Blood, 2012
62 Activating mutations of MyD88, particularly L265P, occur in about 30% of activated B cell-like... more 62 Activating mutations of MyD88, particularly L265P, occur in about 30% of activated B cell-like diffuse large B cell lymphomas (ABC DLBCLs), the more malignant molecular subtype of DLBCL that responds poorly to standard chemotherapy. We found that the oncogenic signal of mutant MyD88 is transduced predominantly through the Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase (IRAK) cascade consisting of IRAK4 and IRAK1, resulting in constitutive activation of classical NF-κB signaling. Importantly, using knockdown-rescue experiments, we found that the kinase activity of IRAK4, but not IRAK1, is required for the oncogenic effect of mutant MyD88 in the survival of ABC DLBCL cell lines. As such, we have proposed that inhibitors of IRAK4 kinase activity could have a therapeutic impact in lymphomas with MyD88 mutations. We have identified two potent small molecule IRAK4 inhibitors, ND-2158 and ND-2110, that are highly selective across a panel of more than 300 kinases. When administered to rodents,...
Applied Soft Computing, 2019
In cloud computing, cost optimization is a prime concern for load scheduling. The swarm based met... more In cloud computing, cost optimization is a prime concern for load scheduling. The swarm based meta-heuristics are prominently used for load scheduling in distributed computing environment. The conventional load scheduling approaches require a lot of resources and strategies which are nonadaptive and static in the computation, thereby increasing the response time, waiting time and the total cost of computation. The swarm intelligence-based load scheduling is adaptive, intelligent, collective, random, decentralized, self-collective, stochastic and is based on biologically inspired mechanisms than the other conventional mechanisms. The genetic algorithm schedules the particles based on mutation and crossover techniques. The force and acceleration acting on the particle helps in the finding the velocity and position of the next particle. The best position of the particles is assigned to cloudlets to be executed on the virtual machines in the cloud. The paper proposes a new load scheduling technique, Hybrid Genetic-Gravitational Search Algorithm (HG-GSA) for reducing the total cost of computation. The total computational cost includes cost of execution and transfer. It works on hybrid crossover technique based gravitational search algorithm for searching the best position of the particle in the search space. The best position of the particle is used calculating the force. The HG-GSA is compared to the existing approaches in the CloudSim simulator. By the convergence and statistical analysis of the results, the proposed HG-GSA approach reduces the total cost of computation considerably as compared to existing PSO, Cloudy-GSA and LIGSA-C approaches.
Applied Soft Computing, 2018
This work signifies: This paper gives a new Cloudy-GSA optimization method for solving the prob... more This work signifies: This paper gives a new Cloudy-GSA optimization method for solving the problem of load balancing The Proposed approach reduces the transfer time considerably as shown in tabulated and graphical analysis. The results are computed at various values and compared with the existing algorithm results. This algorithm reduces the total cost incurred by the system. The entire approach is elaborated with the help of the algorithm and the flowchart in a detailed manner. Thus, final result is reduction of the makespan along with cost i.e., the algorithm provides a positive result.
Natural Product Communications, 2013
Both 3-farnesyl salicylic acid and 3-geranyl salicylic acid were synthesized from 2,6-dibromophen... more Both 3-farnesyl salicylic acid and 3-geranyl salicylic acid were synthesized from 2,6-dibromophenol and showed low levels of antimicrobial activity against E. coli strains.
International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security, 2018
The load scheduling is one of the prime concerns for the computation of tasks in a virtual distri... more The load scheduling is one of the prime concerns for the computation of tasks in a virtual distributed environment. Many meta-heuristic swarm based optimization methods have been developed for scheduling the load in cloud computing environment. These swarm intelligence based algorithms like PSO play a key role in determining the scheduling of the cloudlets on the VMs in the datacenter. Gravitational Search algorithm based on law of gravity schedules the load in an effective manner. Its potential has not been utilized in cloud for load scheduling. This paper proposes a linear improved gravitational search algorithm in Cloud (LIGSA-C). This presents a new linear gravitational function and cost evaluation function for cloudlets using gravitational search approach in cloud. The results are computed by particles for scheduling 10 cloudlets on 8 VMs in the cloud. The detailed analysis of the result is performed. This paper states that LIGSA-C outperforms the existing algorithms like GSA and PSO for minimized cost.
International Journal of Big Data Security Intelligence, 2015
Security of data has been of prime concern in communication networks. Most popular techniques for... more Security of data has been of prime concern in communication networks. Most popular techniques for providing security are Cryptography and Steganography. Cryptography converts the data into another form understood only by the sender and the intended recipient. On the other hand steganography hides the very existence of data by concealing it in a cover image. Instead of using stand-alone technique, combining both provides far better security. The use of such mechanisms not only increases the brute force search time for hackers but at the same time provides a good robust mechanism. This paper studies various techniques available in literature and suggests ways to improve them. The mechanisms are implemented in MATLAB-09 and compared in terms of robustness, security and efficiency. It can easily seen from the simulation and results that Least Significant Bit steganography using status bit combined with AES provides far better results in comparison to any technique available in literature. In addition to this, the paper also shows how this technique and others can be improved further.
Synthesis and PFCθ inhibitory activity of a series of 5-vinyl phenyl sulfonamide-3-pyridinecarbonitriles
Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2009
Trade molecules and uses related thereto
Verwendung der extrazellulären Domäne von TRADE Molekülen in Medikamenten zur Behandlung von Neoplasie Use of the extracellular domain of TRADE molecules in drugs for the treatment of neoplasia
Comparison of Dexamethasone and Cyclosporine to selective protein Kinase C-theta inhibitor effects on blood IL-2 production and T cell activation
The Journal of Immunology, Apr 1, 2009
Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Asthma Exacerbation Attacks
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Papers by Divya Chaudhary