Papers by Devendra Swarup
Parasitology Research, 2008
Extracts were prepared from leaf, bark, and seed of Azadirachta indica, leaf and seed of Prunus p... more Extracts were prepared from leaf, bark, and seed of Azadirachta indica, leaf and seed of Prunus persica, bark of Mangifera indica, and leaf of Psidium guajava and were evaluated against Boophilus microplus. Of the eight extracts screened, the extracts prepared from the A. indica seed showed very high level of efficacy (80%) after 5 h of treatment. Besides the immediate effect on adult ticks, the egg-laying properties of the survived ticks was also assessed, and a significant reduction (P<0.01) in the reproductive index of ticks fed on animals treated with A. indica seed extracts was noted in comparison to control. The efficacy of the neem seed extracts was compared with the commonly used synthetic pyrethroids, and comparable efficacy against B. microplus fed on animals treated with neem seed extracts and acaricide treated was noted. The possibility of using the extracts in IPM format for the management of ticks is discussed.
Lead residues in blood, milk and hair from cows reared in areas with different industrial activities
Research in Veterinary Science, 1990
Therapeutic efficacy of amprolium hydrochloride (Amprolsol 20 percent MSD) against coccidiosis in Pashmina kids
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative effect of tamarind (Tamarindus indi... more The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative effect of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in endemic fluorosis in cattle. Eighteen cows (3-6 years) were divided into three groups (Group I, II and III) of six animals in each. Groups I and II served as healthy and disease controls, respectively. Dried powder of tamarind fruit pulp was given for 90 days to Group III (treatment group) at the dose rate of 100 grams per animal. Calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and fluoride concentration in serum and collagen degradation marker i.e. hydroxyproline in urine were considered for evaluating the efficacy of tamarind fruit pulp. A significant increase in calcium level was observed in cows treated with tamarind (6.49 ± 0.17 mg/dL) as compared to the disease control (5.80 ± 0.41 mg/dL). Increased activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (118.38 ± 2.93 units/L) and the higher concentration of hydroxyproline (27.88 ± 1.01 μg/mL) in cows of fluoride endemic area were decreased si...
Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of Tamarindus Indica Fruit Pulp Extract on Fluoride-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Erythrocytes
This study examined the toxic effects of fluoride in the rat erythrocytes antioxidant system and ... more This study examined the toxic effects of fluoride in the rat erythrocytes antioxidant system and evaluated the ameliorative effect of hydro-methanolic extract of Tamarindus indica fruit pulp on the oxidative damage induced by fluoride. Eighteen rats were divided into three equal groups. The first group served as control and received only tap water. The second group exposed with 200 ppm of sodium fluoride through drinking water. The third group received T. indica fruit pulp extract (200 mg/kg body weight) along with fluorinated drinking water, daily by gavage for a period of 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) activities were recorded in fluoride exposed rats erythrocytes as compared to control group. Furthermore, higher plasma nitric oxide concentration was observed in fluoride exposed rats as compared to healthy rats. In the tamarind supplemented ...
Hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effects of Aegle marmelos leaves in rabbits
Current Science, 1995
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2002
This study examined the possibility that supplementation of α-tocopherol with chelator calcium di... more This study examined the possibility that supplementation of α-tocopherol with chelator calcium disodium EDTA, in the treatment of lead toxicity could reverse the lead-induced changes in the oxidative stress indices in theerythrocytes from lead exposed calves. One-month-old crossbred calves (15), were given lead daily @ 7.5 mg of 99% pure lead acetate/kg body weight orally for 28 day (group B), keeping another 5 calves as unexposed controls (group A). The lead-exposed calves were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. Calves of group B 1 were given no treatment to serve as positive controls. Those of group B 2 were treated with 10% solution CaNa 2 EDTA @ 110 mg/kg body weight in 2 divided doses daily through intravenous route for 4 days. Calves of group B 3 were given the same treatment as that in group B 1 together with α-tocopherol @ 100 mg/kg body weight orally daily for 7 days. Increase in the blood lead concentration was associated with α-significant increase in lipid peroxides l...
Research in Veterinary Science, 1987
Interdisciplinary toxicology, 2016
Excessive fluoride intoxication plays an important role in the development of dental, skeletal an... more Excessive fluoride intoxication plays an important role in the development of dental, skeletal and non-skeletal fluorosis. The aim of this study was to ascertain the toxic effect of excessive fluoride ingestion on the level of hydroxyproline and expression of type 1 collagen gene in rat bone and its amelioration by supplementation with Tamarindus indica fruit pulp extract. Forty albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The first group served as control and received only tap water. The second group received sodium fluoride (200 ppm) through drinking water. The third group received T. indica fruit pulp extract (200 mg/kg body weight) alone and the fourth group received the T. indica fruit pulp extract (200 mg/kg body weight) along with fluorinated drinking water (200 ppm) daily by gavage for a period of 90 days. The level of hydroxyproline and expression of type 1 collagen gene using quantitative real time PCR in the tibia bone decreased significantly with continuous exposur...
Science of The Total Environment, 1997
The concentration of fluoride was determined in water, forage and urine and serum samples of buff... more The concentration of fluoride was determined in water, forage and urine and serum samples of buffaloes from the Unnao district of India. The water and forage samples contained 2.01&-0.51 and 22.50 i 0.82 ppm of fluoride, respectively. The analysis of biosamples collected from the affected animals revealed higher levels of fluoride in serum (0.58 f 0.05 ppm) and urine (10.64 + 1.23 ppm). Clinical examination identified a 40.34% prevalence rate of clinical lesions suggestive of fluorosis in buffalo of this locality. Dental lesions were present invariably in all affected animals whereas lameness, painful bony exostosis and emaciation were recorded in 28.17%, 8.45% and 76.00% of the animals. Based on the clinical lesions and fluoride content in water, serum and urine, it was concluded that the problem of fluorosis in buffalo is attributable to drinking water containing toxic levels of fluoride. 0 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Eyelid neoplasm in a white tiger ( Eyelid neoplasm in a white tiger (Panthera tigris Panthera tigris) -a case report )
Eyelid Eyelid neoplasm in a White Tiger (neoplasm in a White Tiger (Panthera tigris Panthera tigr... more Eyelid Eyelid neoplasm in a White Tiger (neoplasm in a White Tiger (Panthera tigris Panthera tigris) -a case report.) -a case report. Vet. arhiv 83, 115-124, 2013. ABSTRACT An 18-year-old captive white tiger (An 18-year-old captive white tiger (Panthera tigris Panthera tigris) was evaluated for a progressive growth on the) was evaluated for a progressive growth on the lower eyelid that showed ulceration and mucoid to purulent discharge. The growth was surgically excised lower eyelid that showed ulceration and mucoid to purulent discharge. The growth was surgically excised and histopathological examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The growth however showed and histopathological examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The growth however showed recurrence at 28 days after excision. Further management was done employing 2 stage chemotherapy using recurrence at 28 days after excision. Further management was done employing 2 stage chemotherapy using cyclopho...
Veterinarski Arhiv
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative effect of tamarind (Tamarindus indi... more The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative effect of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in endemic fl uorosis in cattle. Eighteen cows (3-6 years) were divided into three groups (Group I, II and III) of six animals in each. Groups I and II served as healthy and disease controls, respectively. Dried powder of tamarind fruit pulp was given for 90 days to Group III (treatment group) at the dose rate of 100 grams per animal. Calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and fl uoride concentration in serum and collagen degradation marker i.e. hydroxyproline in urine were considered for evaluating the effi cacy of tamarind fruit pulp. A signifi cant increase in calcium level was observed in cows treated with tamarind (6.49 ± 0.17 mg/dL) as compared to the disease control (5.80 ± 0.41 mg/dL). Increased activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (118.38 ± 2.93 units/L) and the higher concentration of hydroxyproline (27.88 ± 1.01 μg/mL) in cows of fl uoride endemic area were decreased signifi cantly (P<0.05) after supplementation of tamarind (95.24 ± 2.76 units/L and 20.17 ± 1.56 μg/mL, respectively). In conclusion the present study found that dried powder of Tamarindus indica fruit pulp has ameliorative potential on management of fl uorosis in cattle.
Toxicology, 2005
Oxidative stress due to enhanced production of free radicals has been incriminated as one of the ... more Oxidative stress due to enhanced production of free radicals has been incriminated as one of the several mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced toxic effects in different organs. In the present study, ameliorative potential of certain amino acids like cysteine, methionine and vitamins like ascorbic acid and thiamine on some of the parameters indicative of oxidative stress in liver, kidney and blood and of hepatic and renal infliction was investigated in arsenic exposed rats. Rats were given 0 ppm (group I healthy controls) or 10 ppm arsenic in drinking water ad lib for a period of 12 weeks. During oral exposure to arsenic rats of different groups received daily oral dose of placebo, cysteine, methionine, ascorbic acid or thiamine at 25 mg/kg body weight. After the end of the experimental period, animals were sacrificed under light anesthesia and blood, liver and kidney were collected. Samples were processed for estimation of arsenic, biochemical parameters indicative of oxidative stress and hepatic and renal function. Arsenic exposure resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher accumulation of arsenic in blood, liver and kidney. It was associated with significant (P < 0.05) rise in lipid peroxide level and decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in liver and kidneys. However, alterations in biochemical parameters did not reach statistical (P > 0.05) significance. Treatment with vitamins and amino acids resulted in reversal of oxidative stress with significant (P < 0.05) decline in tissue arsenic burden. All the treatment produced tissue specific changes in lipid peroxide level, antioxidant enzyme activities and tissue arsenic burden.
Research in Veterinary Science, 2000
Lead poisoning in cattle and buffalo near primary lead-zinc smelter in India
Veterinary and human toxicology, 2001
Varying degrees of lead (Pb) poisoning was recorded in cows and buffaloes near a primary lead-zin... more Varying degrees of lead (Pb) poisoning was recorded in cows and buffaloes near a primary lead-zinc smelter in India. Affected animals had history of clinical signs characterized by head pressing, violent movement, blindness and salivation. These animals revealed considerably high lead levels in blood (1.43 +/- 0.07 ppm) and milk (0.75 +/- 0.19 ppm). Animals from the same place without the history of clinical signs suggestive of Pb poisoning recorded lower blood Pb levels than the affected animals; however, their blood Pb was higher than that reported for cattle in rural and urban areas of India. Affected animals also carried high levels of cadmium (Cd) in blood (0.11 +/- 0.01 ppm) and milk (0.05 +/- 0.01 ppm). These values were considerably higher than those for rural cattle in India. The findings indicated varying degrees of exposure of animals to Pb and Cd in the vicinity of the smelter.
Veterinary Medicine International, 2011
Oxidative stress has been implicated to play a role, at least in part, in pathogenesis of many di... more Oxidative stress has been implicated to play a role, at least in part, in pathogenesis of many disease conditions and toxicities in animals. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species and free radicals beyond the cells intrinsic capacity to neutralize following xenobiotics exposure leads to a state of oxidative stress and resultant damages of lipids, protein, and DNA. Lead and cadmium are the common environmental heavy metal pollutants and have widespread distribution. Both natural and anthropogenic sources including mining, smelting, and other industrial processes are responsible for human and animal exposure. These pollutants, many a times, are copollutants leading to concurrent exposure to living beings and resultant synergistic deleterious health effects. Several mechanisms have been explained for the damaging effects on the body system. Of late, oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the lead- and cadmium-induced pathotoxicity. Several ameliorative measures ...
Treatment of lead toxicity in calves
Veterinary and human toxicology, 1995
Thiamine hydrochloride alone or in combination with calcium edetate (Ca-EDTA) was used to treat e... more Thiamine hydrochloride alone or in combination with calcium edetate (Ca-EDTA) was used to treat experimentally-induced lead toxicity in calves. In 12 calves lead toxicity was induced by po administration of 5 mg lead acetate/kg/d until the development of overt signs. The calves were divided into 3 groups: untreated control; thiamine-treated; and thiamine+Ca-EDTA-treated. The use of 25 mg thiamine/kg sc twice daily cured 2/4 calves, whereas 4/4 calves recovered with 25 mg thiamine+110 mg Ca-EDTA/kg iv twice daily. Lead concentrations in blood and tissues were significantly lower and histopathologic lesions were less pronounced in the treated calves. Treatment with thiamine+Ca-EDTA was more effective than the use of thiamine alone.
Cord blood stem cell banking and transplantation
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2003
Stem cells have the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to speci... more Stem cells have the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells. Cord blood as a source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has several advantages as it is easily available, involves non-invasive collection procedure and is better tolerated across the HLA barrier. Since the first cord blood transplant in 1988, over 2500 cord blood HSC transplants have been done world wide. Since then, the advantages of cord blood as a source of hematopietic stem cells for transplantation have become clear. Firstly, the proliferative capacity of HSC in cord blood is superior to that of cells in bone marrow or blood from adults. A 100 ml unit of cord blood contains 1/10th the number of nucleated cells and progenitor cells (CD34+ cells) present in 1000 ml of bone marrow, but because they proliferate rapidly, the stem cell in a single unit of cord blood can reconstitute the entire haematopoietic system. Secondly, the use of cord blood reduces the risk of graft vs host disease. Cord Blood Stem Cell banks have been established in Europe and United States to supply HSC for related and unrelated donors. Currently, more than 65,000 units are available and more than 2500 patients have received transplants of cord blood. Results in children have clearly shown that the number of nucleated cells in the infused cord blood influences the speed of recovery of neutrophils and platelets after myeloablative chemotherapy. The optimal dose is about 2 x 10(7) nucleated cells/kg of body weight. The present study was carried out for collection, separation, enumeration and cryopreservation of cord blood HSC and establishing a Cord Blood HSC Bank. 172 samples of cord blood HSC were collected after delivery of infant prior to expulsion of placenta. The average cord blood volume collected was 101.20 ml. Mononuclear cell count ranged from 7.36 to 25.6 x 10(7)/ml. Viability count of mononuclear cells was 98.1%. After 1 year of cryopreservation, the viability count on revival was over 82.1%. Related cord blood stem cell transplantation was carried out in three cases at Army Hospital (R&amp;R), Delhi Cantt.
Molecular biology international, 2010
TLR9 plays pivotal role in innate immune responses through upregulation of costimulatory molecule... more TLR9 plays pivotal role in innate immune responses through upregulation of costimulatory molecules and induction of proinflammatory cytokines like type I interferons including interferon alpha (IFNA). The present study characterized IFNA cDNA and predicted protein sequences in goat and black buck. Response of the PBM cells to TLR9 agonist CpG ODN C and Phorbol Myristate Acetate (PMA) was evaluated by realtime PCR. IFNA coding sequences were amplified from leukocyte cDNA and cloned in pGEMT-easy vector for nucleotide sequencing. Sequence analysis revealed 570 bp, IFNA ORF encoding 189 amino acids in goat and black buck. Black buck and goat IFNA has 92.1% to 94.7% and 93% to 95.6% similarity at nucleotide level, 86.3% to 89.5% and 70.9% to 91.6% identity at amino acid level with other ruminants, respectively. Nonsynonymous substitutions exceeding synonymous substitutions indicated IFNA evolved through positive selection among ruminants. In spite of lower total leukocyte count, the inn...
Uploads
Papers by Devendra Swarup