Papers by Christopher Martin
Archeology of the Local Bubble: A Serendipitous Spectroscopic Survey of the EUV Diffuse Background
EUVE Proposal, 1992
Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jul 20, 2012
Few patients 75 years of age and older participate in clinical trials, thus whether adjuvant chem... more Few patients 75 years of age and older participate in clinical trials, thus whether adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer (CC) benefits this group is unknown. A total of 5,489 patients Ն 75 years of age with resected stage III CC, diagnosed between 2004 and 2007, were selected from four data sets containing demographic, stage, treatment, and survival information. These data sets included SEER-Medicare, a linkage between the New York State Cancer Registry (NYSCR) and its Medicare programs, and prospective cohort studies Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance Consortium (CanCORS) and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Data sets were analyzed in parallel using covariate adjusted and propensity score (PS) matched proportional hazards models to evaluate the effect of treatment on survival. PS trimming was used to mitigate the effects of selection bias. Use of adjuvant therapy declined with age and comorbidity. Chemotherapy receipt was associated with a survival benefit of comparable magnitude to clinical trials results (SEER-Medicare PSmatched mortality, hazard ratio [HR], 0.60; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.68). The incremental benefit of oxaliplatin over non-oxaliplatin-containing regimens was also of similar magnitude to clinical trial results (SEER-Medicare, HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.04; NYSCR-Medicare, HR, 0.82, 95% CI, 0.51 to 1.33) in two of three examined data sources. However, statistical significance was inconsistent. The beneficial effect of chemotherapy and oxaliplatin did not seem solely attributable to confounding. The noninvestigational experience suggests patients with stage III CC Ն 75 years of age may anticipate a survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Oxaliplatin offers no more than a small incremental benefit. Use of adjuvant chemotherapy after the age of 75 years merits consideration in discussions that weigh individual risks and preferences.
“Generaliter De Nullo Enuntiabili Aliquid Scio”: Meaning and Propositional Content in the Ars Meliduna
Springer eBooks, 2022
Constraints on Evolution from the Blue to Red Sequence using GALEX and SDSS
American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts, Dec 1, 2005
Pulsar Timing, Timing Noise and Proper Motion
Probing the Small-scale Kinematic Structure of Local Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs
Keck Observatory Archive NIRSPEC, Feb 1, 2008
The Physical Origins of the Cosmic Ultraviolet Background
Anomalous Ultraviolet Extinction
iue, 1988
Laser-Induced Damage in Doped and Undoped Fluorozirconate Glass
ASTM International eBooks, Feb 12, 2009
Tópicos revista de filosofía, Nov 28, 2013
Aristotle, in the first book of the Nicomachean Ethics, makes two attempts at establishing the th... more Aristotle, in the first book of the Nicomachean Ethics, makes two attempts at establishing the thesis that being a human being has a point (a telosf, using two parallel sets of examples. His first step is to claim that whenever anything has a characteristic activity {ergon) that activity is its end {telos), using the example of "the fiute-player, the sculptor, and in general any craftsman"^. This identification of the characteristic activity of a craftsman with the location of his "good and weU"^ qua craftsman, and thus presumably with the telos'^ of the craftsman may be questioned, of course, but it does not afifect the course of the arguments and the use of the examples I wish to pursue. It is enough that for given roles there should be a teleological relation to some point for that role. Besides the craftsmen mentioned above, Aristotle speaks of the carpenter and the leatherworker^ The choice of the examples may be ' I translate "telos" as "point" or "end" rather than as "purpose" because "purpose" seems to presuppose a conscious agent, I believe Aristotle probably, and Aquinas certainly, wished to use the words "telos" or "finis" to signify either an unconscious point, fmality or teleology, on the one hand, or to signify a conscious point, finality, teleology or purpose, on the other. That is, there need be no conscious agency involved,
Seeberger, P. H.; Martin, C. E.; Broecker, F.; Anish, C. (2012); Oligosaccharides and oligosaccha... more Seeberger, P. H.; Martin, C. E.; Broecker, F.; Anish, C. (2012); Oligosaccharides and oligosaccharide-protein conjugates derived from Clostridium difficile polysaccharide PS-I, methods of synthesis and use thereof, in particular as vaccines and diagnostic tools. PCT/EP2012/003240; WO/2013/017254.
Psychiatry MMC, Dec 1, 2006
Much has been written about Ernest Hemingway, including discussion of his well-documented mood di... more Much has been written about Ernest Hemingway, including discussion of his well-documented mood disorder, alcoholism, and suicide. However, a thorough biopsychosocial approach capable of integrating the various threads of the author's complex psychiatric picture has yet to be applied. Application of such a psychiatric view to the case of Ernest Hemingway in an effort toward better understanding of the author's experience with illness and the tragic outcome is the aim of this investigation. Thus, Hemingway's life is examined through a review and discussion of biographies, psychiatric hterature, personal correspondence, photography, and medical records. Significant evidence exists to support the diagnoses of bipolar disorder, alcohol dependence, traumatic brain injury, and probable borderline and narcissistic personality traits. Late in life, Hemingway also developed symptoms of psychosis likely related to his underlying affective illness and superimposed alcoholism and traumatic brain injury. Hemingway utilized a variety of defense mechanisms, including self-medication with alcohol, a lifestyle of aggressive, risk-taking sportsmanship, and writing, in order to cope with the suffering caused by the complex comorbidity of his interrelated psychiatric disorders. Ultimately, Hemingway's defense mechanisms failed, overwhelmed by the burden of his complex comorbid illness, resulting in his suicide. However, despite suffering from multiple psychiatric disorders, Hemingway was able to live a vibrant life until the age of 61 and within that time contribute immortal works of fiction to the literary canon. Ernest Hemingway is one of the most recognizable figures of the twentieth century, known to the world as a literary genius who also became a near mythic representation of American hypermasculinity, a hard-drinking womanizer, big game hunter, deep sea fisherman, aficionado of the bullfight, and a boxer with quick-tempered fists both in and out of the ring. A critic called him "the outstanding author since the death of Shakespeare" (O'Hara, 1950, p. 200) while on other occasions the critical voice has been less complimentary (Mellow, 1991). However, there is little question regarding the inestimable significance of his role in American literature. In addition to possessing a rich talent, Hemingway was heir to a biological predisposition for mood disorders and alcoholism and also
Quaternary Research, Jul 20, 2017
Lake Ejagham is a small, shallow lake in Cameroon, West Africa, which supports five endemic speci... more Lake Ejagham is a small, shallow lake in Cameroon, West Africa, which supports five endemic species of cichlid fishes in two distinct lineages. Genetic evidence suggests a relatively young age for the species flocks, but supporting geologic evidence has thus far been unavailable. Here we present diatom, geochemical, mineralogical, and radiocarbon data from two sediment cores that provide new insights into the age and origin of Lake Ejagham and its endemic fishes. Radiocarbon ages at the base of the longer core indicate that the lake formed approximately 9 ka ago, and the diatom record of the shorter core suggests that hydroclimate variability during the last 3 millennia was similar to that of other lakes in Cameroon and Ghana. These findings establish a maximum age of ca. 9 cal ka BP for the lake and its endemic species and suggest that repeated cichlid speciation in two distinct lineages occurred rapidly within the lake. Local geology and West African paleoclimate records argue against a volcanic, chemical, or climatic origin for Lake Ejagham. Although not conclusive, the morphometry of the lake and possible signs of impact-induced effects on quartz grains are instead more suggestive of a bolide impact.
Thomas Aquinas: God and Explanations
The "summa theologiae" as a summary of a divine science the nature of science in mediev... more The "summa theologiae" as a summary of a divine science the nature of science in medieval thought the role of questions in the articulation of science the signification of a name the notion of existence used in answering "an est?" demonstrating the existence of a cause from its effect the existence of God as a scientific question "Does God exist? Apparently not" the First Way the Second Way the Third Way the Fourth Way the Fifth Way.
Evolution, Sep 20, 2016
Ecological opportunity is frequently proposed as the sole ingredient for adaptive radiation into ... more Ecological opportunity is frequently proposed as the sole ingredient for adaptive radiation into novel niches. Alternatively, genome-wide hybridization resulting from 'hybrid swarm' may be the trigger. However, these hypotheses have been difficult to test due to the rarity of comparable control environments lacking adaptive radiations. Here I exploit such a pattern in microendemic radiations of Caribbean pupfishes. I show that a sympatric three-species radiation on San Salvador Island, Bahamas diversified 1,445 times faster than neighboring islands in jaw length due to evolution of a novel scale-eating adaptive zone from a generalist ancestral niche. I then sampled 22 generalist populations on seven neighboring islands and measured morphological diversity, stomach content diversity, dietary isotopic diversity, genetic diversity, lake/island areas, macroalgae richness, and Caribbean-wide patterns of gene flow. None of these standard metrics of ecological opportunity or gene flow were associated with adaptive radiation, except for slight increases in macroalgae richness. Thus, exceptional trophic diversification is highly localized despite myriad generalist populations in comparable environmental and genetic backgrounds. This study provides a strong counterexample to the ecological/hybrid-swarm theories of adaptive radiation and suggests that diversification of novel specialists on a sparse fitness landscape is constrained by more than ecological opportunity and gene flow.
[Study of the progression of a chicken Wolffian canal in the mesonephrotic territory of the quail]
PubMed, Sep 24, 1973
Sensory Jam 2022
Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction
Eight International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction
This workshop is focused on the design of novel kinds of environmental enrichment for zoo-housed ... more This workshop is focused on the design of novel kinds of environmental enrichment for zoo-housed reptiles, using technology to support the development of interactive systems and devices for capturing data. Participants will work virtually in small groups to ideate, reflect on and develop concepts, using a ZooJam approach, which is similar to a game jam. Briefs for participants may include lizards, snakes, turtles and crocodilians.
PLOS ONE
Adaptive radiations offer an excellent opportunity to understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics of... more Adaptive radiations offer an excellent opportunity to understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics of gut microbiota and host niche specialization. In a laboratory common garden, we compared the gut microbiota of two novel derived trophic specialist pupfishes, a scale-eater and a molluscivore, to closely related and distant outgroup generalist populations, spanning both rapid trophic evolution within 10 kya and stable generalist diets persisting over 11 Mya. We predicted an adaptive and highly divergent microbiome composition in the trophic specialists reflecting their rapid rates of craniofacial and behavioral diversification. We sequenced 16S rRNA amplicons of gut microbiomes from lab-reared adult pupfishes raised under identical conditions and fed the same high protein diet. In contrast to our predictions, gut microbiota largely reflected phylogenetic distance among species, rather than generalist or specialist life history, in support of phylosymbiosis. However, we did find signific...
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Papers by Christopher Martin