Changgi Hong

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A Study on the Significance of the Colloidal Radiogold Disappearance Rate as a Simple Clinical Liver Function Test

Liver functions in diffuse parenchymal liver disease such as cirrhosis of the liver depend largel... more Liver functions in diffuse parenchymal liver disease such as cirrhosis of the liver depend largely on the effective hepatic blood flow rather than on the individual cell functions. Clinical methods of measuring the hepatic blood flow were developed recently by the application of colloidal disappearance rate. In order to correlate the radiogold disappearance rate to conventional biochemical liver function tests, 21 normal subjects and 80 cases of cirrhosis of the liver were studied with both methods. The results are summarized as following: 1. The validity of external counting method to measure the blood disappearance rate of colloidal radiogold was confirmed by in vitro counting of the serial blood samples. 2. The blood disappearance rate of collidal radiogold was essentially the same. as the liver uptake rate of colloidal radiogold in normal and cirrhotic subjects with various degrees of functional disturbance. And it seemed there was no serious extrahepatic removal of the colloida...

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Korea: Current Status and Future Prospects

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2001

Traditional Oriental medicine has been an integral part of prevailing practice and belief systems... more Traditional Oriental medicine has been an integral part of prevailing practice and belief systems throughout Korea's history. Beginning late in the nineteenth century, Western medical practices were introduced by Christian missionaries and these practices quickly supplanted traditional medicine in institutional health care. After the Korean War, the government revived interest in Oriental medicine and established colleges of Oriental medicine, in addition to supporting the colleges of Western medicine. A difference in standards between these medical traditions underlies a mistrust of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) that is common among practitioners of Western medicine. Western medicine is built on reproducible experiments and statistical analysis, whereas complementary and alternative treatments are built on experience. Recent surveys show that CAM is widely used in Korea, with usage rates ranging from 29% to 53% among various patient populations. CAM also accounts for a large share of healthcare costs. Approximately 29% of out-of-pocket, health care expenditure in Korea is for CAM therapies. Both the Korean government and the medical community recognize a need to integrate the health care delivery system and to define the roles of physicians, Oriental medical doctors, and pharmacists better. To accomplish this, there will be a need for standards for judging the safety and effectiveness of treatments and consensus-building will be needed to overcome the differences among practitioners from various traditions and backgrounds.

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Renal parenchymal malakoplakia. A case associated with renal vein thrombosis and partial recovery of kidney function

Archives of Internal Medicine, 1980

A 65-year-old woman with bilateral renal parenchymal malakoplakia and renal vein thrombosis had s... more A 65-year-old woman with bilateral renal parenchymal malakoplakia and renal vein thrombosis had severe azotemia, bilaterally enlarged kidneys, urinary tract infection, and sepsis. Angiographic studies demonstrated left renal vein thrombosis. A percutaneous kidney biopsy specimen showed the characteristic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. After therapy with fluid replacement, antibiotics, and long-term anticoagulation, kidney function improved and both kidneys decreased in size. We suggest that, with adequate treatment of urinary tract infection and correction of potential insults to the kidney, progression of this peculiar disease can be prevented.

Antibody to Tamm-Horsfall Protein after Acute Tubular Necrosis

American Journal of Nephrology, 1981

Histological examination of a renal biopsy specimen from a patient with acute renal failure showe... more Histological examination of a renal biopsy specimen from a patient with acute renal failure showed the localization of Tamm-Horsfall protein in the renal interstitium. Measurement for serum anti-Tamm-Horsfall protein antibody showed a rise in the titer of this antibody in the recovery phase of the illness. It is postulated that the extravasation of Tamm-Horsfall protein into the renal interstitium may

Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on plasma von Willebrand factor in chronic hemodialysis patients

American Journal of Hematology, 1994

3D spheroid model of adipose-derived stem cell and breast cancer cell co- culture for mimicking cell migration and the cancer environment

Research Square (Research Square), Dec 11, 2023

Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture methodologies exhibit signi cant limitations, notab... more Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture methodologies exhibit signi cant limitations, notably their failure to replicate the intricate three-dimensional (3D) milieu of human tissue architecture. This discrepancy has catalyzed the exploration of advanced drug screening platforms that more faithfully mimic the complex 3D biological environment. To this end, precision medicine research has increasingly used 3D in vitro models that emulate the tissue microenvironment of the human body. In this study, breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3) were co-cultured with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), mimicking the in vitro 3D tumor microenvironment with the multicellular and heterogeneous nature of solid tumors compared to a 2D cancer cell only system. Additionally, collagen type I was used to replicate the microenvironment within a 3D spheroid platform, enhancing the accuracy of the platform in mimicking human tissue characteristics. Signi cantly, the interactions between the ADSCs and two breast cancer lines markedly in uenced factors such as cell elongation, molecular expression, migration patterns, and drug sensitivity. The integration of ADSCs was pivotal in simulating the cancer microenvironment, highlighting that even within the same cancer cell line, varying microenvironmental contexts can lead to vastly different experimental results. Thus, this study provides insights into the role of factors such as cellular substrates and stem cells in simulating a 3D tumor microenvironment more akin to the human body when constructing a 3D in vitro system based on breast cancer cells.

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Multibranched Au–Ag–Pt Nanoparticle as a Nanozyme for the Colorimetric Assay of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose

ACS Omega

Multi-target polydiacetylene liposome-based biosensor for improved exosome detection

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2022

$Research paper thumbnail of A Comparative Study of $^{131}I$-hippuran Renogram, $^{131}I$-Hippuran Urinary Excretion Test and Intravenous Pyelogram in Obstructive Uropathy due to Cancerous Invasion$

A Comparative Study of $^{131}I$-hippuran Renogram, $^{131}I$-Hippuran Urinary Excretion Test and Intravenous Pyelogram in Obstructive Uropathy due to Cancerous Invasion

A comparative study of -hippuran renogram, -hippuran excretion test and intravenous pyelogram wer... more A comparative study of -hippuran renogram, -hippuran excretion test and intravenous pyelogram were performed in 61 cases of gynecological cancer. The following were the results: 1. Among 40 cases of cervix cancer showing normal excretory urography 7 cases (17.5%) were found to have unilateral or bilateral delayed excretory pattern on -hippuran renogram and on the contrary only 2 cases (5.7%) showed a mild caliectatic change on excretory urography among 35 cases of gynecological cancer showing normal pattern of -hippuran renogram. 2. In the group showing unilateral or bilateral delayed excretory pattern on -hippuran renogram there was a reduction of -hippuran excretion in the first 20 minutes, but there was no significant difference of -hippuran excretion in 60 minutes compared with that of normal renogram group. 3. In the group showing unilateral non-functioning pattern of -hippuran renogram in one side and normal pattern in the other side there was found to be no difference in -hip...

Structures and strategies for enhanced sensitivity of polydiacetylene(PDA) based biosensor platforms

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2021

Polydiacetylene (PDA) is a versatile polymer that has been studied in numerous fields because of ... more Polydiacetylene (PDA) is a versatile polymer that has been studied in numerous fields because of its unique optical properties derived from alternating multiple bonds in the polymer backbone. The conjugated structure in the polymer backbone enables PDA to possess the ability of blue-red colorimetric transition when π-π interactions in the PDA backbone chain are disturbed by the external environment. The chromatic property of PDA disturbed by external stimuli can also emit fluorescence in the red region. Owing to the unique characteristics of PDA, it has been widely studied in facile and label-free sensing applications based on colorimetric or fluorescence signals for several decades. Among the various PDA structures, membrane structures assembled by amphiphilic molecules are widely used as a versatile platform because facile modification of the synthetic membrane provides extensive applications, such as receptor-ligand interactions, resulting in potent biosensors. To use PDA as a sensory material, several methods have been studied to endow the specificity to PDA molecules and to amplify the signal from PDA supramolecules. This is because selective and sensitive detection of target materials is required at an appropriate level corresponding to each material for applicable sensor applications. This review focuses on factors that affect the sensitivity of PDA composites and several strategies to enhance the sensitivity of the PDA sensor to various structures. Owing to these strategies, the PDA sensor system has achieved a higher level of sensitivity and selectivity, enabling it to detect multiple target materials for a full field of application.

Cytomegalovirus is not specifically associated with immunoglobulin A nephropathy

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 1994

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (I... more Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Whether CMV is present in renal tissue of IgAN, however, remains controversial. To determine the presence of CMV in IgAN, compared with other glomerulonephritis (GN) as disease control, polymerase chain reaction amplifying a 159-base-pair fragment of the immediate early gene of CMV and indirect immunofluorescence staining with anti-CMV monoclonal antibody were performed on 10 IgAN and 14 non-IgAN GN renal tissues. CMV DNA was detected in 6 of 10 IgAN tissues and 10 of 14 other GN by polymerase chain reaction, whereas no CMV antigen was detected in all renal tissues by immunofluorescence. This frequent observation of CMV DNA in various types of GN as well as in IgAN would suggest that CMV is not specifically associated with the pathogenesis of IgAN seen in endemic areas of CMV infection.

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Kaleidoscopic fluorescent arrays for machine-learning-based point-of-care chemical sensing

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021

Multiplexed analysis allows simultaneous measurements of multiple targets, improving the detectio... more Multiplexed analysis allows simultaneous measurements of multiple targets, improving the detection sensitivity and accuracy. However, highly multiplexed analysis has been challenging for point-of-care (POC) sensing, which requires a simple, portable, robust, and affordable detection system. In this work, we developed paper-based POC sensing arrays consisting of kaleidoscopic fluorescent compounds. Using an indolizine structure as a fluorescent core skeleton, named Kaleidolizine (KIz), a library of 75 different fluorescent KIz derivatives were designed and synthesized. These KIz derivatives are simultaneously excited by a single ultraviolet (UV) light source and emit diverse fluorescence colors and intensities. For multiplexed POC sensing system, fluorescent compounds array on cellulose paper was prepared and the pattern of fluorescence changes of KIz on array were specific to target chemicals adsorbed on that paper. Furthermore, we developed a machine-learning algorithm for automated, rapid analysis of color and intensity changes of individual sensing arrays. We showed that the paper sensor arrays could differentiate 35 different volatile organic compounds using a smartphone-based handheld detection system. Powered by the custom-developed machine-learning algorithm, we achieved the detection accuracy of 97 % in the VOC detection. The highly multiplexed paper sensor could have favorable applications for monitoring a broad-range of environmental toxins, heavy metals, explosives, pathogens.

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Fibrinolysis in vivo Predicts a Favorable Outcome in Patients with Small Vessel Thrombi: Observations in Patients with Glomerular Thrombi during Treatment with Ancrod

=Fibrin deposits injure small vessels. To evaluate the effect of fibrinolysis, patients with glom... more =Fibrin deposits injure small vessels. To evaluate the effect of fibrinolysis, patients with glomerular diseases having glomerular thrombi received the snake venom enzyme, ancrod, for 14 days. Within 48 hours, the mean level of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products(FOP) was very high, and bimodally distributed, defining lowln = 11) and high(n = 18) FOP responses. In the low FOP group, the FOP rise and fibrinogen decrease were linearly related, suggesting that most FOP derived from fibrinogen degradation. Renal effects were minimal. In the high FOP group, the FOP level was not explained by fibrinogen degradation alone, indicating fibrin dissolution. Renal function improved, proteinuria increased, and glomerular fibrin deposition decreased. Tissue type plasminogen activator, released by ancrod-frbim from endothelial cells, converts fibrin-bound plasminogen to palsmin, which degrades fibim. Alpha--antiplasrnin, the most effective known inhibitor of fibrinolysis, was elevated in 9/11 in the low, and 5/18 in the high FOP group. Thus when fibrinolysis occurred, it was associated with rapid favorable effects on renal function and histology.

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호르몬 처리에 의한 능성어 Epinephelus septemfasciatus의 배란유도 효과

Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education, 2015

This study aims to investigate how ovulation induction of sevenband grouper, Epinephelus septemfa... more This study aims to investigate how ovulation induction of sevenband grouper, Epinephelus septemfasciatus varies when treated with different hormonal substances such as ovaprim, pimozide, LHRHa, and HCG. As for LHRHa, we injected it in different concentrations: 50 /kg, 100 /kg, 150 /kg, and ㎍㎍㎍ 200 /kg. All hormonal substances including LHRHa were injected into back muscles. As a result, ㎍ ovulation occurred in all sample groups. The sample group injected with HCG released the largest amount of eggs, and the dimeter of eggs and oil globules were also significantly bigger than those of others. Fertilization rate, embryonic survival rate, and hatching rate were the highest in a LHRHa (100 /kg) ㎍ +pimozide (1,000 /kg) ㎍ group and buoyant rate in a LHRHa group. Ovulation rate was 100% when LHRHa was injected in different concentrations. The largest amount of eggs was released in 200 /kg. ㎍ The diameter of eggs and oil globules were the biggest in 200 /kg and the smallest in 50 /kg. ㎍㎍ Fertilization rate showed no significant difference through all different levels of concentration: 94.6-95.3%. Buoyant rate was the highest in 100 /kg and embryonic survival rate and hatching rate in 150 /kg. ㎍㎍ Based on these experimental results, we concluded that LHRHa in 100 /kg is the most efficient for the ㎍ ovulation induction of sevenband grouper.

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A Recent Expirience on Quality Improvement in Asan Medical Center

Protein Intake and the Nutritional Status in Patients with Pre-dialysis Chronic Renal Failure on Unrestircted Diet

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine, 1997

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Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion Associated with Pramipexole in a Patient with Parkinson’s Disease

Journal of Movement Disorders, 2011

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) can be caused by a variety o... more The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) can be caused by a variety of drugs. Dopaminergic drugs might enhance the secretion of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin by reducing γ-amino butyric acid release through the dopaminergic receptor in supraoptic nucleus. A 75-year-old woman with Parkinson's disease developed asthenia, delirium, aggravated parkinsonian symptoms, and hypotonic hyponatremia along with the diagnostic criteria for SIADH during dose escalation of pramipexole. After pramipexole withdrawal, these symptoms disappeared, and sodium levels returned to normal values. The serum sodium levels of patients receiving pramipexole should be monitored, especially during dose escalation.

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The Effect of Cognitive Training in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Preliminary Study

Journal of Clinical Neurology, 2012

Background and PurposezzThe objective of this study was to determine the benefits of cognitive tr... more Background and PurposezzThe objective of this study was to determine the benefits of cognitive training in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and those with early Alzheimer's disease (AD). MethodszzEleven patients with aMCI and nine with early AD (stage 4 on the Global Deterioration Scale) participated in this study. Six participants with aMCI and six with AD were allocated to the cognitive training group, while five participants with aMCI and three with AD were allocated to a wait-list control group. Multicomponent cognitive training was administered in 18 weekly, individual sessions. Outcome measures were undertaken at baseline, and at 2 weeks and 3 months of follow-up. ResultszzIn the trained MCI group, there were significant improvements in the delayed-recall scores on the Seoul Verbal Learning Test at both the 2-week and 3-month follow-ups compared with baseline (baseline, 1.6±1.5; 2 weeks, 4. 4±1.5, p=0.04; 3 months, 4.6±2.3, p=0.04). The phonemic fluency scores (1.0±0.8 vs. 5.0±1.8, p=0.07) and Korean Mini-Mental State Examination scores (18.8±0.5 vs. 23.8±2.2, p=0.07) also showed a tendency toward improvement at the 2-week follow-up compared to baseline in the trained AD group. ConclusionszzThis study provides evidence of the effectiveness of cognitive training in aMCI and early AD. The efficacy of cognitive training programs remains to be verified in studies with larger samples and a randomized design.

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A moving underwater communication system with bio-inspired fish robots

Proceedings of the Seventh ACM International Conference on Underwater Networks and Systems - WUWNet '12, 2012

Recently, there has been large interest on short and medium range underwater communication system... more Recently, there has been large interest on short and medium range underwater communication systems for various applications. In this work, we investigate a moving communication system equipped with bio-inspired fish robots. A protocol stack encompassing physical layer, medium access control layer and network layer is designed for a packet-based hierarchical underwater acoustic communication and the related hardware is implemented. The developed components and system prototype are verified and evaluated in the Han River. Since this system provides high mobility and real-time monitoring service, it could be utilized for pollution monitoring and surveillance in rivers and oceans.

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Anthropometric Norms for the Dialysis Population

American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 1990

Although norms are available for healthy subjects, it is preferable, when interpreting anthropome... more Although norms are available for healthy subjects, it is preferable, when interpreting anthropometry in individual dialysis patients, to compare measurements with norms for the stable dialysis population. The purpose of this study was to develop these reference anthropometric norms for dialysis patients. Triceps skinfold (TSF), subscapular skinfold (SSF), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements were made in 925 patients with no major illness, who were being treated by chronic maintenance dialysis in 27 dialysis facilities. Of these, 609 patients treated by hemodialysis (HD) were in subgroups large enough to compare with those from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) II. Diabetic patients were significantly different from nondiabetic patients; therefore, the two groups were analyzed separately. Male HD patients (diabetic and nondiabetic) did not differ significantly from the NHANES II data. Diabetic HD females did not differ significantly from the NHANES II data, except for the TSF of black women older than 55 years. Measurements of nondiabetic HD females (black and white) were significantly below the NHANES II data. In 138 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, measurements were similar to those of HD patients.

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