Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, Dec 30, 2022
To see the efficacy of combined preparation of aloe vera gel and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP... more To see the efficacy of combined preparation of aloe vera gel and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on burn wound treatment has been studied in Rabbit model. Sixteen male New Zealand White male rabbits were divided into four different groups and data were collected on healing rate, healing time and WBC count in artificial hot iron burned rabbit model. Group T 0, T 1, T 2 and T 3 were as control, aloe vera gel, aloe vera gel with ZnO nanoparticles and Bactrocin® respectively. Area of the wound and healing time was determined at weekly interval. WBC was enumerated weekly interval using a hematology analyzer. The experimental results showed that rate was significantly increase in T 2 (94.75±1.31) group, better by T 3 treated group (92.50±1.32), good by T 1 (85.50±2.21) and worst by T 0 (70.50±2.72). The White Blood Count (WBC) count as greatly increased in the nontreated group in most of the cases (Day 0 and Day 28), but the best WBC count was found in (Bactrocin®) in the rest of the cases (9300±37.50, 8500±37.36 and 6600±24.25 cells/µl for 1 st week, 2 nd week and 3 rd week respectively), while the good count was obtained from T 2 (Aloe vera gel with ZnO nanoparticles) treatment. The overall result of the study showed that the use of aloe vera gel with ZnO nanoparticles has given faster wound healing with minimum days requirement, which proved that without antibiotics, wound healing was also possible by using of biosynthetic ZnO nanoparticles and can be recommended for burn wounds healing treatment in rabbits.
International journal of computer & organization trends, Mar 25, 2014
Data undoubtedly is at the core of IT value chain in any organization. The evolution of technolog... more Data undoubtedly is at the core of IT value chain in any organization. The evolution of technology responsible for storing, managing and processing data has noticeably taken giant strides in recent times with the inception of technologies like Big Data, In Memory Computing etc. With wide scale business process automation initiatives taken by organizations of different sizes, more and more data are getting generated each passing day. The modern day data handling information systems are quite different from their traditional counterparts where RDBMS was the de-facto standard for data management. Today we need to deal with various structured, semi-structured and unstructured data classes like email, image, video, blogs, documents, live stream, xml/json data file etc. Security on the other hand till recently was considered to be a subject matter of network administrator where the primary goal was to protect the IT infrastructure perimeter. With increased adaptation and dependence on different data classes, data security has gained special interest in IT security landscape. In this paper we have defined different facets of data security vulnerabilities that are common to any data-store or data aware application. Later. we have defined and highlighted various control mechanisms required to be put in place to mitigate these data security vulnerabilities. The three controls namely the procedural control, technical control and physical control as discussed below may be referred and deployed by any organization for robust data security.
Foraging pattern of pollinator in response to nectar production
<p>Nectar availability and the number of tree visits in a bout by the pollinators correlate... more <p>Nectar availability and the number of tree visits in a bout by the pollinators correlate negatively in its bimodal distribution pattern.</p
<p>(A) The robber (<i>Nectarinia asiatica</i>) consuming nectar by piercing thr... more <p>(A) The robber (<i>Nectarinia asiatica</i>) consuming nectar by piercing through the corolla tube, and (B) through the opening of the tube. (C & D) The two pollinators - <i>Pycnonotus leucotis</i> and <i>Pycnonotus cafer</i> legitimately forage the flowers and facilitate pollination. Inset of (A): Note the hole (arrow) in the corolla tube made by the robber.</p
Effect of experimental nectar robbing on pollinator behaviour in <i>T. undulata</i>
<p>Tests of between-subject effects for the (i) flower handling time (sec.), (ii) the numbe... more <p>Tests of between-subject effects for the (i) flower handling time (sec.), (ii) the number of flower visited per tree and (iii) number of trees in a foraging bout of pollinators, in response to experimental nectar robbing. df = 1,79. <sup>*</sup> = 0.01** = p<0.01; F = F ratio; ss = sum of squares.</p
Foraging behaviour of the two pollinators on experimentally robbed and unrobbed trees
<p>Whereas (A) the flower handling time and (B) the number of flowers visited per tree decl... more <p>Whereas (A) the flower handling time and (B) the number of flowers visited per tree declined upon nectar removal from all the flowers in a tree, the number of trees covered per bout (C) by both the pollinators was increased.</p
Foragers perception of the three morphs (R/Y/O, red/yellow/orange tree morphs)
<p>The robbers spent significantly less time and visited a greater number of flowers than t... more <p>The robbers spent significantly less time and visited a greater number of flowers than the pollinators.</p
International Journal of Computer and organization Trends, 2014
Data undoubtedly is at the core of IT value chain in any organization. The evolution of technolog... more Data undoubtedly is at the core of IT value chain in any organization. The evolution of technology responsible for storing, managing and processing data has noticeably taken giant strides in recent times with the inception of technologies like Big Data, In Memory Computing etc. With wide scale business process automation initiatives taken by organizations of different sizes, more and more data are getting generated each passing day. The modern day data handling information systems are quite different from their traditional counterparts where RDBMS was the de-facto standard for data management. Today we need to deal with various structured, semi-structured and unstructured data classes like email, image, video, blogs, documents, live stream, xml/json data file etc. Security on the other hand till recently was considered to be a subject matter of network administrator where the primary goal was to protect the IT infrastructure perimeter. With increased adaptation and dependence on dif...
Introduction: Fever is a common symptom of UTI in children of less than 5 years age group. It is ... more Introduction: Fever is a common symptom of UTI in children of less than 5 years age group. It is very much essential to identify UTI in febrile children and to begin prompt treatment to reduce the burden of potential lifelong morbidity. The objective of this study was to elucidate prevalence of UTI in febrile children in the age group of 1 month-5 years and to find out associated factors of UTI. Aims and Objectives: 1. To elucidate prevalence of UTI in febrile children in the age group of 1 month to 5 years seeking medical attention at GMCH (both in indoor and OPD patients), during this study period 2. To find out associated factors of UTI from 1month – 5years of age group. Methods: Records of 100 children between 1month-5 years of age with febrile illness were reviewed. Data related to age,gender,various symptoms,urine microscopy culture and radiological findings were analysed. Results: Out of 100 children presented with fever 29 of them had UTI. Out of 15 children with UTI in the ...
Purpose: The revenue of a country is the indispensable component with which an economy is managed... more Purpose: The revenue of a country is the indispensable component with which an economy is managed and run. The purpose of the study was to inquire the relationship between revenue gap and economic growth of the economy of Bangladesh. This study investigated the impact of revenue gap on the economy of Bangladesh. Methodology: In order to explore the impact of revenue gap on the economic growth of Bangladesh, the data was taken from national revenue board of Bangladesh and World bank covering the time period 1972-2010. Stationarity of the data was assessed by the unit root test or Dickey-Fuller (DF) test. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model was used to establish the relationship between revenue gap and economic growth. The Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) were used to identify the best ARDL model. The error correction model (ECM) was used to establish the co-integrating relationship between the variables Findings: It is evident from ...
Reproductive Ecology of Flowering Plants: Patterns and Processes, 2020
Successful pollen transfer among the compatible conspecifics is an essential attribute of sexual ... more Successful pollen transfer among the compatible conspecifics is an essential attribute of sexual reproduction among flowering plants. The plants maximize their male fitness by improving the efficiency of pollen dispersal to as many conspecifics as possible. The precision with which pollen is carried by biotic vectors is also influenced by the manner in which the pollen is presented by the flowers. The method of presenting the pollen to the vectors can be either from the anthers directly (primary presentation) or that from the other floral organs (secondary presentation). The significance of these methods mainly lies in the targeted deposition of pollen for successful mating. Here, we focus on the structural and mechanistic diversity of secondary pollen presentation among angiosperms. The knowledge of these floral attributes is important to understand the intricacy of reproductive mechanisms that are integral to the selection for establishing successful plant-pollinator interaction and maximizing plant fitness.
Floral contrivances and specialised pollination mechanism strongly influence mixed mating in Wrightia tomentosa (Apocynaceae)
Plant Biology, 2018
Reproductive success of a plant species is largely influenced by the outcome of mating pattern in... more Reproductive success of a plant species is largely influenced by the outcome of mating pattern in a population. It is believed that a significantly larger proportion of animal-pollinated plants have evolved a mixed-mating strategy, the extent of which may vary among species. It is thus pertinent to investigate the key contributors to mating success, especially to identify the reproductive constraints in depauperate populations of threatened plant species. We examined the contribution of floral architecture, pollination mechanism and breeding system on the extent of outcrossing rate in a near-threatened tree species, Wrightia tomentosa. The breeding system was ascertained from controlled pollination experiments. In order to determine outcrossing rate, 60 open-pollinated progeny were analysed using an AFLP markers. Although the trees are self-compatible, herkogamy and compartmentalisation of pollen and nectar in different chambers of the floral tube effectively prevent spontaneous autogamy. Pollination is achieved through specialised interaction with moths. Differential foraging behaviour of settling moths and hawkmoths leads to different proportions of geitonogamous and xenogamous pollen on the stigma. However, most open-pollinated progeny were the result of xenogamy (outcrossing rate, tm = 0.68). The study shows that floral contrivances and pollination system have a strong influence on mating pattern. The differential foraging behaviour of the pollinators causes deposition of a mixture of self- and cross-pollen to produce a mixed brood. Inbreeding depression and geitonogamy appear to play a significant role in sustaining mixed mating in this species.
Reproductive success of a plant species can be affected by the distribution pattern of its conspe... more Reproductive success of a plant species can be affected by the distribution pattern of its conspecifics in a small population. Besides the low mate availability, the dynamics of breeding system and pollination mechanism may also contribute to low fruit-set in such populations. We examined the relative contribution of these reproductive attributes on fruit-set across the contrasting distribution pattern (denser vs. sparser plots) in two isolated natural populations of a near-threatened tree species, var. . Although flowers in the species are of generalist type, the narrow stigmatic surface appears to impose a requirement for a specialist pollinator. Pollination in the tree species is mediated only by the flies. The trees exhibit partial selfing and suffer from strong inbreeding depression at the early life-history stages of the selfed progeny. We recorded significant difference between the denser and sparser plots in terms of inflorescence visits per tree, and the number of trees cov...
One hundred and ninety-seven neonates were screened within 24 hours after birth by a tricolored m... more One hundred and ninety-seven neonates were screened within 24 hours after birth by a tricolored mid-arm circumference (MAC) measuring tape with a borderline yellow-zone between 7.5 cm and 8.5 cm and two peripheral zones, red and green beyond 7.5 cm and 8.5 cm respectively. All of the neonates identified by red-zone had birth weight less than 1500 g. Majority (89.7%) of neonates identified by yellow-zone had birth weight between 1500 g and 2000 g, but only a small (10.3%) number of neonates had birth weight more than 2000 g. A very large proportion of neonates identified by green-zone had birth weight more than 2000 g (98.8% vs 1.2% weighed less than 2000 g at birth). The sensitivity and specificity of MAC critical limit 8.5 cm identifying neonate below 2000 g were 93.7% and 98.2% respectively. It was not worthy in this study to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of the critical limit of 7.5 cm for MAC to identify neonates below 1500 g because of the very small sample size. But, this simple MAC measuring tape can be used by field worker for easy assessment of low birth weight neonates.
The net consequence of nectar robbing on reproductive success of plants is usually negative and t... more The net consequence of nectar robbing on reproductive success of plants is usually negative and the positive effect is rarely produced. We evaluated the influence of nectar robbing on the behaviour of pollinators and the reproductive success of Tecomella undulata (Bignoniaceae) in a natural population. Experimental pollinations showed that the trees were strictly self-incompatible. The three types of floral colour morphs of the tree viz. red, orange and yellow, lacked compatibility barriers. The pollinators (Pycnonotus cafer and Pycnonotus leucotis) and the robber (Nectarinia asiatica) showed equal preference for all the morphs, as they visited each morph with nearly equal frequency and flower-handling time. The sunbirds caused up to 60% nectar robbing, mostly (99%) by piercing through the corolla tube. Although nectar is replenished at regular intervals, insufficient amount of nectar compelled the pollinators to visit additional trees in bloom. Data of manual nectar robbing from the entire tree showed that the pollinators covered lower number of flowers per tree (5 flowers/tree) and more trees per bout (7 trees/bout) than the unrobbed ones (19 flowers/tree and 2 trees bout). The robbed trees set a significantly greater amount of fruits than the unrobbed trees. However, the number of seeds in a fruit did not differ significantly. The study shows that plant-pollinator-robber interaction may benefit the self-incompatible plant species under conditions that increases the visits of pollinators among the compatible conspecifics in a population.
To see the efficacy of combined preparation of aloe vera gel and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP... more To see the efficacy of combined preparation of aloe vera gel and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on burn wound treatment has been studied in Rabbit model. Sixteen male New Zealand White male rabbits were divided into four different groups and data were collected on healing rate, healing time and WBC count in artificial hot iron burned rabbit model. Group T0, T1, T2 and T3 were as control, aloe vera gel, aloe vera gel with ZnO nanoparticles and Bactrocin® respectively. Area of the wound and healing time was determined at weekly interval. WBC was enumerated weekly interval using a hematology analyzer. The experimental results showed that rate was significantly increase in T2 (94.75±1.31) group, better by T3 treated group (92.50±1.32), good by T1 (85.50±2.21) and worst by T0 (70.50±2.72). The White Blood Count (WBC) count as greatly increased in the non-treated group in most of the cases (Day 0 and Day 28), but the best WBC count was found in (Bactrocin®) in the rest of the cases (9...
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