2012 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 2012
Code completion helps improve developers' programming productivity. However, the current support ... more Code completion helps improve developers' programming productivity. However, the current support for code completion is limited to context-free code templates or a single method call of the variable on focus. Using software libraries for development, developers often repeat API usages for certain tasks. Thus, a code completion tool could make use of API usage patterns. In this paper, we introduce GraPacc, a graphbased, pattern-oriented, context-sensitive code completion approach that is based on a database of such patterns. GraPacc represents and manages the API usage patterns of multiple variables, methods, and control structures via graph-based models. It extracts the context-sensitive features from the code under editing, e.g. the API elements on focus and their relations to other code elements. Those features are used to search and rank the patterns that are most fitted with the current code. When a pattern is selected, the current code will be completed via a novel graph-based code completion algorithm. Empirical evaluation on several real-world systems shows that GraPacc has a high level of accuracy in code completion. D R A F T 1 Display display = new Display(); 2 Shell shell = new Shell(display); 3 ... 4 Button button = new Button(shell, SWT.PUSH); 5 button.setText( "OK"); 6 button.setSize(new Point(40,20)); 7 button.setLocation(new Point(200,20)); 8 ... 9 shell .pack(); 10 shell .open(); 11 while (! shell .isDisposed()) { 12 if (! display .readAndDispatch()) 13 display .sleep() ; 14 } 15 display .dispose(); D R A F T 1 Display display = new Display(); 2 Shell shell = new Shell(display); 3 ... 4 Button button = new Button(shell, SWT.PUSH); 5 FormData formData = new FormData(); 6 button.
The hydrothermal alteration zones are the important sign for mineral exploration and can be ident... more The hydrothermal alteration zones are the important sign for mineral exploration and can be identified by remote sensing images completely, but this is limited due to the effect of vegetable. We address this problem by a method called “Directed Principal Component Analysis” (DPCA) that involves calculating principal components on two input band ratio images. One ratio is a geological discriminant, confused by the presence of vegetation; the second ratio is chosen for its suitability as a vegetation index. DPCA applied on Landsat 8 image in Pu Sam Cap area, Lai Châu characteristied by argilic alteration, sericite alteration, etc., with the typical minerals like kaolinite, illite, etc., and pyrite, chalcopyrite, magnetite; specularite, etc., The results have identified Fe - rich zones in Bai Bang and Nam Tra areas; clay minerals are concentrated mainly in Nam Tra area and along the main faults. The results are also compared with previous research data and fieldtrip data that shows sim...
Marine chitinous byproducts possess significant applications in many fields. In this research, di... more Marine chitinous byproducts possess significant applications in many fields. In this research, different kinds of fishery chitin-containing byproducts from shrimp (shrimp head powder (SHP) and demineralized shrimp shell powder), crab (demineralized crab shell powder), as well as squid (squid pen powder) were used to provide both carbon and nitrogen (C/N) nutrients for the production of an exochitinase via Streptomyces speibonae TKU048, a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from Taiwanese soils. S. speibonae TKU048 expressed the highest exochitinase productivity (45.668 U/mL) on 1.5% SHP-containing medium at 37 °C for 2 days. Molecular weight determination analysis basing on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the mass of TKU048 exochitinase was approximately 21 kDa. The characterized exochitinase expressed some interesting properties, for example acidic pH optima (pH 3 and pH 5–7) and a higher temperature optimum (60 °C). Furthermore, the main hydrolysis mechanism of TKU048 exoc...
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate epithelial-... more Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) and promote cell specification during embryonic development. In this study, we hypothesized that introducing degradable ECM-based biomaterials to pluripotent stem cell (PSC) aggregates would modulate endogenous proteolytic activity and consequently enhance the differentiation and morphogenesis within 3D PSC aggregates. Gelatin methacrylate (GMA) microparticles (MPs) of low (∼20%) or high (∼90%) cross-linking densities were incorporated into mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) aggregates, and the effects on MMP activity and cell differentiation were examined with or without MMP inhibition. ESC aggregates containing GMA MPs expressed significantly higher levels of total MMP and MMP-2 than aggregates without MPs. GMA MP incorporation increased expression of EMT markers and enhanced mesenchymal morphogenesis of PSC aggregates. MMP inhibition completely abrogated...
Gelatin has been commonly used as a delivery vehicle for various biomolecules for tissue engineer... more Gelatin has been commonly used as a delivery vehicle for various biomolecules for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications due to its simple fabrication methods, inherent electrostatic binding properties, and proteolytic degradability. Compared to traditional chemical cross-linking methods, such as the use of glutaraldehyde (GA), methacrylate modification of gelatin offers an alternative method to better control the extent of hydrogel cross-linking. Here we examined the physical properties and growth factor delivery of gelatin methacrylate (GMA) microparticles (MPs) formulated with a wide range of different cross-linking densities (15-90%). Less methacrylated MPs had decreased elastic moduli and larger mesh sizes compared to GA MPs, with increasing methacrylation correlating to greater moduli and smaller mesh sizes. As expected, an inverse correlation between microparticle cross-linking density and degradation was observed, with the lowest cross-linked GMA MPs degra...
Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a destructive di... more Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a destructive disease of canola and many other broadleaf crops. The primary inoculum responsible for initiating Sclerotinia epidemics is airborne ascospores released from the apothecia of sclerotia. Timely detection of the presence of airborne ascospores can serve as an early-warning system for forecasting and management of the disease. A major challenge is to develop a portable and automated device which can be deployed onsite to detect and quantify the presence of minute quantities of ascospores in the air and serves as a unit in a network of systems for forecasting of the epidemic. In this communication, we present the development of an impedimetric non-Faradaic biosensor based on anti-S. sclerotiorum polyclonal antibodies as probes to selectively capture the ascospores and sense their binding by an impedance based interdigitated electrode which was found to directly and unambiguously correlate the n...
Online detection and quantification of three phosphorylated carbohydrate molecules: glucose 1-pho... more Online detection and quantification of three phosphorylated carbohydrate molecules: glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate, was achieved by coupling sheath-flow surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to liquid chromatography. The presence of an alkanethiol (hexanethiol) self-assembled monolayer adsorbed to a silver SERS-active substrate helps retain and concentrate the analytes of interest at the SERS substrate to improve the detection sensitivity significantly. Mixtures of 2 µM of phosphorylated carbohydrates in pure water as well as in cell culture media were successfully separated by HPLC, with identification using the sheath-flow SERS detector. The quantification of each analyte was achieved using partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and acetonitrile in the mobile phases as an internal standard. These results illustrate the utility of sheath-flow SERS for molecular specific detection in complex biological samples appropriate for metabolo...
Chitosanases have received much attention because of their wide range of applications. Although m... more Chitosanases have received much attention because of their wide range of applications. Although most fungal chitosanases use sugar as their major carbon source, in the present work, a chitosanase was induced from a squid pen powder (SPP)-containing Penicillium janthinellum D4 medium and purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and combined column chromatography. The purified D4 chitosanase exhibited optimum activity at pH 7-9, 60 • C and was stable at pH 7-11, 25-50 • C. The D4 chitosanase that was used for chitooligomers preparation was studied. The enzyme products revealed various chitooligomers with different degrees of polymerisation (DP) from 3 to 9, as determined by a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, confirming the endo-type nature of the D4 chitosanase. D4 chitosanase activity was significantly inhibited by Cu 2+ , Mn 2+ , and EDTA. However, Fe 2+ activated or inhibited D4 chitosanases at different concentrations. The D4 chitosanase was also activated by some small synthetic boron-containing molecules with boronate ester side chains.
As regulations for diesel particulate emissions have become stringent, diesel particulate filter ... more As regulations for diesel particulate emissions have become stringent, diesel particulate filter (DPF) is recognized as one of the crucial after-treatment system in diesel vehicles. Hence, an improved understanding of the kinetics of diesel particle oxidation is necessary to optimally design the DPF. However, there are limitations to current kinetic data since they are mostly obtained under oxygen environment. Although new technologies convert NO to NO 2 upstream of the DPF to enhance soot oxidation at low exhaust temperatures, very few prior studies have considered NO 2 as a major oxidant. Also, kinetics of soot oxidation has been studied only using bulk methods such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which leads to difficulties in separating reaction effects from heat and mass transfer effects. This present work uses the online aerosol technique of high-temperature oxidation tandem differential mobility analysis (HTO-TDMA) to study kinetics of soot oxidation by NO 2 as shown in figure . In the experiment the polydisperse soot particles are generated by a diffusion flame burner using ethylene as fuel. Soot particles are sent to differential mobility analyzer DMA-1 (TSI 3081 series long column DMA) for size selection based on electrical mobility. Size-selected monodisperse soot particles from the first DMA are then oxidized in a high temperature flow reactor and the resulting particle size distribution is measured using the second DMA with a condensation particle counter (CPC) as the detector. Different mixing ratios of the oxidant NO 2 are introduced into the sheath flow of DMA-1 with N 2 as the carrier gas. N 2 (purity 99.999% Praxair) is mixed with base NO 2 gas (certified at 5049 ppm) in different proportions to get desired mixing ratio of NO 2 ranging 0-600 ppm. The furnace set-point temperatures were also varied in the range of 500-950 °C.
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