Papers by Andrew Jakubowicz
Clearing House on Migration Issues, Oct 1, 1980
A selection of articles and papers issued by the CLEARING HOUSE ON MIGRATION ISSUES with the aim ... more A selection of articles and papers issued by the CLEARING HOUSE ON MIGRATION ISSUES with the aim of fostering the understanding and appreciation of a multicultural Australia. THE NATURE OF MULTICULTURALISM: LIBERATION OR CO-OPTION? by Dr. Andrew Jakubowicz MULTICULTURALISM-THE MEANING OF THE TERM In facing up to the question of the nature of multiculturalism we confront a term whose usage is loose and which contains within it a diversity of formulas, descriptions, values and goals. Frank Lewins, of the Australian National Univer sity, suggested the term contains two different sorts of meanings. First, that "Multicultural Australia" is a descriptive term. That is, it is simply a state ment which notes that a large part of the Australian population was born overseas or have one or more parents born overseas in countries in which English was not the first language. It also includes an awareness of people from Britain, Eire, North America and New Zealand, as part of the emerging multicultural Australia. Secondly, Lewins suggests that multiculturalism implies certain goals, that it indicates a direction for public policy and cultural policy in Australian society. It suggests that if multicultural Australia is to become more than a statistical reality, then it requires an overt political and cultural programme from govern ment, and ethnic organisations, and from mainstream institutions. The content of such programme is a matter for debate, and extends deeply into many of the areas that Australians of various ethnic backgrounds have taken for granted for far too long. i The Australian Ethnic Affairs Council in its August. 1977 manifesto Australia as a Multicultural Society, suggested that the issues involved in multicui rjralism were those of ahesion, equality and cultural identity. This approach will be well known to you, but I believe it raises far more difficult questions than it really seeks to answer. In analysing multiculturalism I wish to take the Council's position and explore the implications as I see them of each of their key issues. 1980/10/45
Conclusion: Future Directions in Building Community Resilience
Cyber Racism and Community Resilience, 2017
This chapter provides an in-depth examination of the pathways to resilience, bringing together th... more This chapter provides an in-depth examination of the pathways to resilience, bringing together theoretical models of community development with resilience building and exemplars from a range of situations and countries around the world in relation to online racism. It explores strategies and responses from within communities experiencing racist harassment, as well as collaborating social activists who provide technical capacities and organisational support. In addition, it identifies how governments and corporates have responded, and their roles in contributing to the enhancement of community resilience.
Building
Cyber Racism and Community Resilience, 2017
This chapter provides a framework for building successful online communities that offer solidarit... more This chapter provides a framework for building successful online communities that offer solidarity to their members in the face of online racism. The framework looks at the eight different types of online communities, the types of stakeholders driving or empowering them and a range of proactive and reactive strategies they can adopt to tackle cyber racism. This framework is illustrated with in-depth case studies and examples of each type of community and how they can contribute to the creation of online communities of solidarity and resistance.
The Making Multicultural Australia Archive: multimedia resources on the topic of Australia’s multicultural heritage and experiences of immigration and settlement
University of Technology Sydney, Nov 25, 2013
Does the media fail Aboriginal political aspirations? 45 years of news media reporting of key political moments
Aboriginal Studies Press eBooks, Nov 1, 2019
For too long Australia’s media has failed to communicate Aboriginal political aspirations. This u... more For too long Australia’s media has failed to communicate Aboriginal political aspirations. This unique study of key Aboriginal initiatives seeking self-determination and justice reveals a history of media procrastination and denial. A team of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal researchers examine 45 years of media responses to these initiatives, from the 1972 Larrakia petition to the Queen seeking land rights and treaties, to the desire for recognition expressed in the 2017 Uluru Statement from the Heart. This analysis exposes how the media frames stories, develops discourses, and supports deeper historical narratives that corrode and undermine the intent and urgency of Aboriginal aspirations, through approaches ranging from sympathetic stalling to patronising parodies. This book can be used by media professionals to improve their practices, by Aboriginal communities to test media truth-telling and by anyone seeking to understand how Aboriginal desires and hopes have been expressed, and represented, in recent Australian political history
‘Hating to know’: government and social policy research in multicultural Australia
Research and Policy in Ethnic Relations, 2015
With this unique book, the contributors seek to develop a dialogue about the internal constraints... more With this unique book, the contributors seek to develop a dialogue about the internal constraints that impact on this field of practice and to kickstart a wider debate within the research community
Cyber Racism and Community Resilience, 2017
Researching Cyber Racism: Methodologies and Methods Across Disciplines
What About the People? Some Social Considerations of Freeway Development
The author uses the urban motorways in Sydney to illustrate his hypothesis that cities are spatia... more The author uses the urban motorways in Sydney to illustrate his hypothesis that cities are spatial arrangements which reflect and reinforce the power relationships of a society. Reference is made to the division between poor and weathy residential areas, schooling and the provision of hospitals, and in particular to the building of motorways through low income areas to provide commuter facilities for the wealthier suburbs; it is shown that only a small affluent sector gains from the motoways. The causes of this state of affairs are discussed, e.g. motorway planning has been associated with slum clearance and other futuristic ideals. Attention is drain to the fact that the people making the decisions are mainly middle class and do not sufficiently understand the lives of people with different backgrounds. Social costs not normally built into cost-benefit analyses are examined. These costs must be paid by society. They include the exploitation of mineral resources, destruction and dis...
What’s the ‘ethnic vote’ going to do in Australia’s top-ten ethnic marginal seats?
Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2017
The rapid growth of race hate speech on the Internet seems to have overwhelmed the capacity of st... more The rapid growth of race hate speech on the Internet seems to have overwhelmed the capacity of states, corporations or civil society to limit its spread and impact. Yet by understanding how the political economy of the Internet facilitates racism it is possible to chart strategies that might push back on its negative social effects. Only by involving the state, economy and civil society at both the global level, and locally, can such a process begin to develop an effective ‘civilising’ dynamic. However neo-liberalism and democratic license may find such an exercise ultimately overwhelmingly challenging, especially if the fundamental logical drivers that underpin the business model of the Internet cannot be transformed. This article charts the most recent rise and confusion of the Internet under the impact of the Alt-Right and other racist groups, focusing on an Australian example that demonstrates the way in which a group could manipulate the contradictions of the Internet with some...
Book Review: Australijczyey Polskiego Pochodzenia: Studium adaptacjii asvmlacji mlodego pokoleniat (translated from Polish Australians: A study of the Adaptation and Assimilation of the Second Generation)
International Migration Review, 1986
The study was one of a number originally published about the same time that focused on the Israel... more The study was one of a number originally published about the same time that focused on the Israeli integration of Oriental Jewish immigrants in rural smallholders' cooperative settlements, moshav olim . Moshav "Romerna", in the northern Negev, was settled by Moroccan Jews who had emigrated from the same Atlas Mountain community. Unlike other moshavim, Romema thus was ethnically and culturally homogenous. In Morocco Romemites were artisans and small merchants. In Israel after an intial and traumatic period of almost seven years they began farming and their standard of living improved. Today they are successful and relatively well-off. Romema seems a success story of Oriental immigration absorption, in contrast to other Middle Eastern Jewish settlements, especially some development towns. Shokeid concentrates less on the external dynamics of absorption relations with the settlement authorities for example and more on the internal social and political dynamics of the moshav. Romema was populated by three sets of kinsmen organized in patronymic groups, initially of equal size. In Morocco seven such groups had comprised Amran, the home village; they were ranked by wealth, occupation and prestige. With emigration most wealth was left behind; the old occupations interethnic (mainly Berber-jewish] rom mcrce, shoemaking, and fancy embroidery were' no longer relevant; and only religious learning or piety remained relatively intact and connected to pn·stige. Thus, the old ranking was effectively shattered. But among the three remaining groups it was hardly forgotten. Shokeid demonstrates how tho Moroccan past acted as a 'r<'f('n'm'e situation' for the 1l('W Israelis, as he analyzes how i'ndividuals from the three groups sought to reassert, realign, reverse or otherwise transform tho old hierarchy in the new socioeconomic environment. Paradoxically, the striving for hierarchical advantage took plan' in a moshav s(·tting that stressed equality and cooperative erouomir decision-making. This provides tlw critical tension for Romcmites and Shokcid's analysis. 11(' skillfully demonstrates how this egalitarian, cooperative ideology was hoth a n'SOlIlH' and constraint for the political actors, who muueuvcrcd constantly for social advantage. Shokc·id also considers changing family and conjugal roles, developing eight case-studies in enough detail to give some ideas of tho variety of individual and familial adaptations ill the putative-ly homogenous rouuuuuity. Particularly impressive is the way in which he links his discussion of the changing family to the political analysis that precedes it. This work has already withstood the test of time. It is central to the literature on Oriental immigration and moshav olim. It is cited in general works on the Middle East, as well. One can only welcome its reappearance in print. My only complaint is that this "augmented edition" is scantily augmented: the updating epilogue is barely nine pages long. Shokeid's major fieldwork ended just before the 1967 War, in whose aftermath tremendous changes occurred in Israeli society. In Romerna, the opening of the nearby Gaza Strip and the influx of Arab labor transformed the economv of the moshav, which until 1967 was characte;ized bv labor shortages during critical periods. Wome~ of Romema, who had entered the farming/ productive economy directly (something not true in Morocco, and emphasized by Shokeid), withdrew to some extent after 1967. Shokeid mentions this, and other changes, but much too briefly.
Media and Marginalized Groups
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, 2006
Marginalization is a process of intensified exclusion which can occur as the result of unequal ac... more Marginalization is a process of intensified exclusion which can occur as the result of unequal access to social power. In modern societies, the mass media provide the major environment for the transmission of ideas, images, and understandings about diverse social and cultural groups, both within nations and worldwide. The media therefore can either reinforce or undermine patterns of prejudice and marginalization. Research demonstrates that most mass media tend towards the reinforcement of prejudices, resulting in further marginalization of subordinate or excluded social groups. There have been significant initiatives that recognize and address these problems in four dimensions of media – ownership, regulation, content, and audience.
Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2015
The rapid growth in international student numbers in Australia in the first decade of the 2000s ... more The rapid growth in international student numbers in Australia in the first decade of the 2000s was accompanied by a series of public crises. The most important of these was the outbreak in Melbourne Victoria and elsewhere of physical attacks on the students. Investigations at the time also pointed to cases of gross exploitation, an array of threats that severely compromised their human rights. This paper reviews and pursues the outcomes of a report prepared by the authors in 2010 for Universities Australia and the Human Rights Commission. The report reviewed social science research and proposed a series of priorities for human rights interventions that were part of the Human Rights Commission’s considerations. New activity, following the innovation of having international students specifically considered by the Human Rights Commission, points to initiatives that have not fully addressed the wide range of questions at state.
Education and national identity in Australia
The Black Lives Matter movement has provoked a cultural reckoning about how Black stories are told
The Conversation, Nov 11, 2020
Racist Narratives Online
Cyber Racism and Community Resilience, 2017
The first part of this chapter uses the Australian example to demonstrate the development of cont... more The first part of this chapter uses the Australian example to demonstrate the development of contrasting national identity narratives and their interpretation on social media. This includes contextualising the narratives in terms of the historical and political development of Australia as a multicultural nation. The second part of this chapter uses examples from Australia and around the world to explore the discursive strategies employed by exponents of cyber racism to promote their version of national identity narratives. These complementary approaches aim to give insight into the dynamic through which cyber racism can be legitimised through narratives about national identity.
Equal Disappointment Opportunity?: A Report to the Department of Community Services on Programs for Immigrants and Their Children
Cyber Racism and Community Resilience, 2017
New Australian ways of knowing ‘multiculturalism’ in a period of rapid social change
Critical Reflections on Migration, ‘Race’ and Multiculturalism, 2017
Review: In This Issue: Race for the Headlines: Racism and Media Discourse
Media International Australia incorporating Culture and Policy, 2003
Uploads
Papers by Andrew Jakubowicz