Papers by Abdel-Raouf Khallil
Distribution and seasonal occurrence of aquatic Phycomycetes in water and submerged mud in El-Ibrahimia canal (Upper Egypt)
SUMMARY: From 33 tested grains and seeds, sesame, hemp seeds, barley and maize grains proved to b... more SUMMARY: From 33 tested grains and seeds, sesame, hemp seeds, barley and maize grains proved to be best baits for aquatic phycomycetes in El-Ibrahimia Canal. The richest periods in aquatic fungi were of low or moderate temperature months and the poorest ...
As in the case of earlier studies, reports of zoosporic fungi are restricted to Synchytrium, Phys... more As in the case of earlier studies, reports of zoosporic fungi are restricted to Synchytrium, Physoderma, and Peronospora. A few German workers studied zoosporic fungi from arctic soils. "Arctic" is too broadly interpreted in their reports. Most soil samples labeled arctic (i.e. from Lapland and Iceland) were probably subarctic soils in the sense of Tedrow (1970). Also high elevation sites in Lapland would best be referred to as alpine. Harder (1954) examined six soil collections from Spitsbergen. He recovered Olpidiunz pendulum Zopf in a sample from a Dupontia moor near Longyearbyen and Nowakowskiella elegans (Nowak.) Schroeter in a sample from a Poa meadow. Only 33y0 of the sites yielded fungi. Gaertner (1954) also surveyed six soil collections from Spitsbergen and he found the same organisms as Harder. In addition he found several Pythium species. Hohnk (1960) collected 10 samples across a beach along King Frederik VI Coast, Greenland at about 63" N. lat. Five of the samples came from the emergent portion of the beach and four from the submerged portion. Every collection yielded at least one species. Among the species found are Saprolegnia sp., Thraustochytrium proliferum Sparrow, Sapromyces elongatus (Cornu) Coker, Apodachlya brachynema (Hildebrand) Pringsheim, Pythium monospermum Pringsheim, P. graminicolum var.
Occurrence of zoosporic and other moulds in water and mud from slaughterhouse and tanyard at Assiut, Egypt
Zentralblatt für Mikrobiologie
ABSTRACT
Seasonal variations of zoosporic and terrestrial fungi inhabiting sewage at Assiut (Upper Egypt)
Journal of Basic Microbiology, 1995
One hundred and eleven identified and seven unidentified species in addition to 5 varieties belon... more One hundred and eleven identified and seven unidentified species in addition to 5 varieties belonging to forty-three aquatic fungal genera were recovered from 452 soil samples collected randomly from different localities in Nile Delta and Suez canal regions including eleven governorates. The investigated soil samples were collected seasonally during the period from autumn 1990 to summer 1991 (1 13 samples each season). The richest season (85 identified and 5 unidentified species in addition to 2 varieties) in aquatic fungi was the winter season (10.0-15.5 "C) whereas the poorest (32 identified and 5 unidentified species in addition to one variety) was summer (24.0-27.5 "C). The richest soil samples in aquatic fungi were those of low or moderate temperature seasons, high contents of organic matter and considerably poor in total soluble salts. The pH value did not show any regular seasonal variation and did not exhibit any considerable influence on fungal populations. Some aquatic fungal genera and species were disappeared completely in certain seasons and vice versa. The most dominant aquatic fungal genera were Pythium, Allomyces, Aqualinderella and Nowakowskiella. The commonest aquatic fungal species were Allomyces anomalus, Aqualinderella fermentans, Nowakowskiella elegans, Blastocladiopsis parva and Dictyuchus sterilis. The seasonal fluctuations of aquatic fungi were followed in various parts of the world (e.g.
Responses of Chlorella fusca to products released by two zoosporic fungi
Some investigations on Saprolegniasis in Tilapia species at Assiut (Egypt)
One hundred and one species in addition to three varieties appertaining to 53 genera of zoosporic... more One hundred and one species in addition to three varieties appertaining to 53 genera of zoosporic (25 species and 15 genera) and terrestrial (76 species + 3 varieties and 38 genera) fungi were isolated during this investigation. The water and submerged mud directly exposed to industrial effluents were the poorest in terrestrial fungi whereas zoosporic fungi were completely missed. These samples were highly acidic, low content of oxygen and relatively high contents of total soluble salts, phosphate, sulphate, calcium and magnesium. Dicryuchus sterilis and Aphanomyces laevis were the most common zoosporic species using baiting technique whereas Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, A.flavus, Alternaria alternata, Gibberella fujikuroi and Stachybotrys chartarum were the most prevalent terrestrial fungal species using glucose-and cellulose-CzAPEK's agar media. Tripospermum sp. (aquatic hyphomycetes) was isolated from the phyllosphere of Myriophyllum spicatum and is new record to Egypt. There are some variations concerning the fungal diversity frequencies and populations with regard to the test sources and media used. areas, submerged mud, air, soil and aquatic plants which are exposed directly or indirectly to these industrial pollutions of Manquabad fertilizer factory. Materials and methods Ten surface water and submerged mud samples were collected from ten successive water sites (1-10) along about 6 km (at about 650 m intervals) of the Nile. Five sites (1-5) located on the south up stream, on site (6) receives the factory effluents and four sites (7-10) are north of the factory down stream. It should be recalled that the water direction current in the Nile from south to north. Thus, sites 1-5 can be considered as a control, site 6 is directly polluted with industrial effluents and at sites 7-10 discharged waste is subjected to progressive dilution. From all water sites except no. 6 (aquatic plants were missing here), samples of two common live aquatic plants (Eichhornia crassipes and Myriophyllum spicatum) were also collected. In addition, 10 samples of cultivated soil irrigated by the polluted Nile water were also collected. Moreover, air spora in the factory area was also investigated. Using baiting technique as previously described by KHALLIL (1984, 1990), zoosporic fungi were recovered from surface water, submerged mud and soil samples as well as from the phyllosphere and phylloplane of the two aquatic plant species. Sesame and hemp seeds, barley and maize grains were used as baits. Five plates were used for each sample and incubated at 22°C for 4 weeks during which the growing colonies were examined weekly, identified and counted. For the estimation of fungal density (counts), the fungal species appearing on one plate was counted as one colony. Using glucose-and CellUlOSe-CZAPEK'S agar media, the terrestrial fungi were isolated from water samples as well as from the phyllosphere and phylloplane of the two plant species as described by KHALLIL (1990) and from mud and soil samples using dilution plate method as described by EL-HISSY et al. (1990a). For the isolation of terrestrial fungi from the air of the factory region, 6 plates of CZAPEK'S agar (3 plates supplemented with glucose and the other 3 with cellulose) were used for each sample (10 samples). The plates were exposed for 30 min to the atmosphere of the factory area at ten sites. Plates were incubated at 28°C for 1-2 weeks and the developing fungi were examined, identified and counted. Some physico-chemical characters of water, mud and soil samples were determined. These characteristics are temperature, pH, total alkalinity, suspended matter, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, total soluble salts, total hardness, chloride, dissolved oxygen and conductivity. Results and discussion One-hundred and one species in addition to three varieties appertaining to 53 genera of zoosporic fungi (25 species and 15 genera) and terrestrial fungi (76 species + 3 varieties and 38 genera) were isolated during this investigation (Tables 1, 2). Dictyuchus sterile and Aphanomyces laevis (zoosporic fungi), Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, A.flavus, Alternaria alternata, Gibberella fujikuroi and Stachybotrys chartarum (terrestrial fungi) were the predominant species. One species (Tripospermum sp.) is new record for Egypt. It is more convenient to discuss each source separately. Water samples The pH of water samples was lowest (4.8) in the water site no. 6 (directly exposed to industrial effluents). Also, the levels of dissolved oxygen (7.2 ppm) and total alkalinity (42 ppm) were the lowest in this site. On the other hand, the total soluble salts (250 ppm), phosphate (16.2 ppm), sulphate (3.56 ppm), chloride (22 ppm), calcium (140 ppm), magnesium (46 ppm) and conductivity (455 mS/cm) were highest in that site.
Combined effects of salinity and temperature on some morphological aspects of four zoosporic fungi
Biodiversity, spatial distribution and seasonality of heterotrophic straminipiles and true zoosporic fungi in two water bodies exposed to different effluents at Assiut (Upper Egypt)
Czech Mycology
Studies on aquatic fungi in delta region (Egypt)
Zentralblatt für Mikrobiologie
Studies on aquatic fungi in Delta region(Egypt). ET El-Hissy, AMA Khallil Microbiological Researc... more Studies on aquatic fungi in Delta region(Egypt). ET El-Hissy, AMA Khallil Microbiological Research 144:66, 421-432, 1989. 117 Species and 2 varieties related to 2,712 colonies in addition to 991 unidentified colonies of the ...
Effect of Some Heavy Metals on the Mycelial Growth of Achlya racemosa and Alatospora acuminata
Zentralblatt für Mikrobiologie
ABSTRACT Achlya racemosa- und Alatospora acuminata-Kulturen wurden verschiedenen Konzentrationen ... more ABSTRACT Achlya racemosa- und Alatospora acuminata-Kulturen wurden verschiedenen Konzentrationen von NiCl2, CdCl2, Pb(NO3)2 und CuSO4 ausgesetzt. Das Myzeltrockengewicht beider Pilze verminderte sich bei Erhöhung der Schwermetallkonzentration. Die Toxizität dieser Schwermetalle wurde in Korrelation zu weiteren abiotischen Faktoren wie pH-Wert, Temperatur sowie der organischen Substanz (Pepton und Hefeextrakt) untersucht. Die Toxizität von NiCl2, Pb(NO3)2 und CuSO4 sank mit steigendem pH-Wert, während sich die Toxizität von CdCl2 dabei erhöhte. Eine Temperaturerhöhung über 20 °C induzierte die Toxizität aller getesteter Schwermetalle. Eine Konzentrationserhöhung von Pepton oder Hefeextrakt von 0,25 auf 1,5 % reduzierte die Toxizität der 4 Schwermetalle, gleich in welcher Anwendungskonzentration.
Effect of Paraquat and Ametryne on Soil, Root and Leaf-Surfaces Fungi of Solanum tuberosum L
Zentralblatt für Mikrobiologie
ABSTRACT Die Wirkung zweier Herbizide (Ametryn und Paraquat) auf Boden, Wurzel und Blattoberfläch... more ABSTRACT Die Wirkung zweier Herbizide (Ametryn und Paraquat) auf Boden, Wurzel und Blattoberflächen besiedelnde Pilz von Kartoffeln war im allgemeinen unterschiedlich. Sie war meistens auf die Gesamtzahl toxisch und wirkte bis zum Ende der Experimentalzeit (4 Wochen). Die meisten der Pilzarten wurden in bestimmten Perioden und bei bestimmten Konzentrationen negativ beeinflußt. Einige Pilze zeigten zwei unterschiedliche Reaktionen: Eine kurzzeitige Vermehrung und eine Hemmung nach längerer Zeit. Bei Verabreichung der Herbizide zusammen mit dem flüssigen Medium wurde die Mehrzahl der Pilzarten auch bei niedrigen Konzentrationen gehemmt. Emericella nidulans und Trichoderma harzianum waren die resistentesten Arten. Einige Arten waren zwar resistent gegenüber Paraquat, aber empfindlich gegenüber Ametryn, bei anderen war es umgekehrt.
A microbioogical study on two species of Nile fishes (Egypt)
Mycoflora of mangrove of Red Sea in Egypt
Utilization of hydrocarbons by fung
Cryptogamie Mycologie
Water and terrestnal fungal flora in Misurata (Libya)
Microbiological transformation of progestrone by some zoosporic fungi
Monthly fluctuations of zosporic and terrestrial fungi inhabiting sewage at Assiut (Upper Egypt)
Zoosporic fungi inhabiting surface water and submerged mud at Assiut (Egypt) and Sana’a (Yemen)
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Papers by Abdel-Raouf Khallil