In literature, the vernacular name Ratanjot is attributed to at least 15 plant species of four di... more In literature, the vernacular name Ratanjot is attributed to at least 15 plant species of four different families. Taxonomic analysis revealed that true Ratanjot comprises of the crude rootstocks of the plant Arnebia nobilis Reichb.f. Interestingly, this material, though abundantly available in India, is not indigenous to this country but imported from Afghanistan. Macroscopic analysis of authenticated sample showed the material to be in the form of purple brown roots which are fusiform, twisted, covered with papery layers and have a pungent odour. Under SEM, the adaxial surface showed the presence of epidermal cells with stomata and epicuticular wax secretions whereas, abaxial surface showed only elongated epidermal cells. The powdered roots gave orangish brown colour with concentrated nitric acid and bright red colour with acetic acid during chemical identification. TLC analysis of the n-hexane extract showed the presence of five red and pink components. Shikonin was identified as...
The process of design and engineering of functional clothing design is based on the outcomes of a... more The process of design and engineering of functional clothing design is based on the outcomes of an objective assessment of many requirements of the user, and hence tend to be complex and iterative. In this paper, the user requirements (besides the primary requirement of functionality) have been classified under four subtitles, namely physiological, biomechanical, ergonomic and psychological. The correlation between various characteristics of clothing and these requirements has been discussed. Subsequent steps involved in the ergonomic design process such as selection of materials, size and fit determination, pattern making, assembling and finishing have been listed out. Influence of technological advancements in related fields on each of these activities is discussed with a view to emphasise how the process of functional clothing design is different from design of everyday apparel. The fast developing field of functional clothing represents the future of textile and apparel industry...
Functional clothing represents the evolutionary segment of the technical textiles market, represe... more Functional clothing represents the evolutionary segment of the technical textiles market, representing an area where clothing crosses the conventional boundaries and integrates with the domains of medicine, biotechnology, nanotechnology, physics and computing among others, to meet the multifaceted and complex requirements of the user. Functional clothing by definition is user-requirement specific and designed or engineered to meet the performance requirements of the user under extreme conditions. A variety of functional clothing products are available in the market as protective clothing, medical clothing or sports clothing, even though little information is available regarding the principles employed in their production. Functional clothing in fact has never really been systematically defined or classified, unlike technical textiles. In this paper, a functionality-based classification has been proposed with six classes, comprehensively covering most logical types of functional clot...
Indian Journal of Fibre Textile Research, Mar 27, 2015
In this study, a process has been developed for durable coating of sericin on polyester. Pre modi... more In this study, a process has been developed for durable coating of sericin on polyester. Pre modification of polyester with alkali (sodium hydroxide) has been carried out to incorporate polar entities on its inert surface. 10g/L of sericin with 30mL/L of glutaraldehyde, cured at 130°C for 2min has been optimized for its application on modified surface. Treated samples are tested for surface smoothness, moisture retention, wicking, antistat and antioxidant characteristics. Results show that polyester fabric surface becomes smoother as well as highly hydrophilic on application of sericin. Wicking properties are enhanced greatly and antisat property is improved along with the radical quenching property. These results can be used to prepare fabric having unique properties of enhanced smoothness, hygroscopicity, high wicking and radical quenching which make it suitable for applications in skin moisturizing, skin healing and anti-ageing. These results indicate that sericin can be used to develop a durable and bioactive finish on polyester for use in medical and sports garments.
Pressure garments are used to exert pressure on human limbs for scar management, venous and lymph... more Pressure garments are used to exert pressure on human limbs for scar management, venous and lymphatic problems, bone and muscle injury, sportswear, post cosmetic surgery, etc. The amounts of pressure required for each medical condition are different. Pressure garments are produced from knitted elastic fabrics, which on wearing get extended and remain in the extended state, thereby exerting a positive pressure on the body. Since they are worn next to skin and are in intimate contact with the body, their comfort properties are of immense importance. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the air permeability, water vapour transmission rate and thermal behavior of elastic fabrics in extended condition to simulate the conditions during wear. Results show that the comfort properties change significantly when the fabric is held in an extended state.
Cotton fabric has been treated with the tannin-rich extract of Quercus infectoria (QI) plant in c... more Cotton fabric has been treated with the tannin-rich extract of Quercus infectoria (QI) plant in combination with alum, copper and ferrous mordants and then tested for antimicrobial activity against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. QI extract shows good activity at 12% concentration (owf), inhibiting the microbial growth by 45-60%. The microbial growth inhibition increases to 70-90% when alum and copper sulphate are used for mordanting. However, the antimicrobial activity is completely lost when ferrous sulphate is used. The activity of samples treated with QI alone is lost completely after 5 launderings while the mordanted samples retain nearly 100% activity up to 5 launderings, indicating that the mordants help to make the effect durable. The study also shows that the cotton textiles can be successfully treated with QI to produce bioactive textiles from natural ecofriendly materials. QI is a viable alternative to synthetic antimicrobial agents for use in hospital textiles a...
Role of fabric properties, moisture and friction in transfer of bacteria from fabric to fabric
Textile Research Journal
With increasing reports of textiles serving as vectors for the transmission of infections, it is ... more With increasing reports of textiles serving as vectors for the transmission of infections, it is crucial to study the factors influencing such transfers. This is of concern in various sectors, including healthcare and hospitality, where fabrics constitute an integral part. A better understanding of the fabric types that discourage microbial transfer could help to formulate guidelines for uniforms and other apparels in these sectors. This study aimed to assess the transferability of bacteria from fabrics considering the following factors: fibre and fabric type, moisture and friction. The transfer of bacterial genera important in healthcare settings was quantified with and without application of friction: Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus from seven different fabrics (cotton, silk, viscose, wool, polyester, polypropylene and a polyester-cotton blend). Amongst the fabrics, transferability was observed to be maximal in polyester followed by viscose, while polypropylene sh...
The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
Bacterial contamination of nurses' white coats made from polyester and blend fabric
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2016
Microbial load of nurses&... more Microbial load of nurses' white coats in a hospital was determined on polyester cotton blend and polyester fabric after the first and second work shift. Contamination on the blend fabric was significantly higher (P < .05) than on polyester. After the second shift, bacterial colonies on polyester and blend fabrics increased by ~98% and ~70%, respectively. Among the isolates detected on polyester after the second shift, Escherichia coli was the most abundant (47.8%), followed by staphylococci (19.1%).
UPF characteristics of natural dyes and textiles dyed with them
Colourage, 2007
The UV absorption spectra of some natural dyes have been recorded and analysed. Most dyes have go... more The UV absorption spectra of some natural dyes have been recorded and analysed. Most dyes have good absorption in the UV range. Results show that some of these dyes can be used to produce cotton and polyester fabrics offering high UV protection, giving UPF values ...
Moisture management properties of plated knit structures with varying fiber types
The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2014
ABSTRACT Thermo-physiological comfort of clothing designed for next-to-skin applications is influ... more ABSTRACT Thermo-physiological comfort of clothing designed for next-to-skin applications is influenced by the clothing’s ability to manage heat and moisture transfer thereby maintaining dry skin microclimate. Plated knit structures designed and engineered with correct selection of fiber and yarn constituents in the distinct bottom (exposed to environment) and top (next to sin) layers can serve well for next-to-skin applications. In this study, plated fabrics with altering hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers in top and bottom layers and different types of hydrophobic fibers in top layers have been compared for the moisture management properties. Results show that fabrics knitted with hydrophobic fibers (polypropylene, polyester) in top layers seem suitable for next-to-skin applications as they were classified as moisture management fabrics owing to high values of accumulative one-way transport index and bottom spreading speed. Though both fabrics can be recommended for next-to-skin applications, however, polypropylene on account of superior moisture management properties in the top layer would be more effective in providing dry feel next to skin and hence, seems to be a preferred choice over polyester for such applications. Fabric knitted with nylon in top layer was classified as water penetration fabric due to poor liquid transfer properties. Fabrics knitted with cotton in top layer irrespective of the hydrophobic fiber in bottom layer were poor in moisture management properties. Univariate analysis of variance with a confidence level of 95% showed the results to be statistically significant. Pearson correlation coefficient was obtained for all the moisture management indices by bivariate correlation procedure to determine strength and direction of association between the different moisture management indices. Most of the indices were found to be significantly correlated also, OWTC and OMMC were found to be positively and linearly related to each other.
Study compares the quality and quantity of sericin obtained from four sources, namely mulberry si... more Study compares the quality and quantity of sericin obtained from four sources, namely mulberry silk cocoons, silk flats, reeling silk waste and woven silk fabric. Sericin has been extracted using the conventional HTHP machine as well as IR heating machine. Results show that among the four sources, the maximum yield of sericin (28%) is obtained from silk fabric followed by 25% sericin obtained from silk flats. IR machine extraction gives ~13 times higher yield of sericin as compared to that obtained by HTHP at 100 0 C for 60 min. Sample obtained from IR extraction is also compared with the standard sample in terms of its physical properties, morphological structure, protein quality, protein structure, molecular weight and thermal behaviour using various analytical methods. The study proposes a protocol for assessing the quality of sericin protein. Since the source as well as the method of extraction can affect the properties of sericin, this protocol can be used to assess and determine the quality parameters of various sericin samples.
The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
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